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32- The Metamorphosis الدروس المستفادة من رواية التحول لفرانز كافكا هل للفن هدف؟
المحاضرة رقم ٣٢ بتاريخ ١٣ إبريل ٢٠٢٠
سلسلة الأدب العالمي (التشيك)
المحاضرة رقم ٣٢ بتاريخ ١٣ إبريل ٢٠٢٠
سلسلة الأدب العالمي (التشيك)
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CreativityTranscript
00:00May the peace, blessings, and mercy of God be upon you
00:30Or at least some of them, I mean the first comment from Gene Zachary says, “Where have you been all this time, Sheikh?”
00:39Yes, there is an episode every week. Every Friday evening, there will be an episode dedicated to discussing a literary work.
00:50In the remaining days, there may be episodes about some current events, such as the Corona virus, for example.
01:00Or some other things
01:01Thank you for the question.
01:05In another comment from Saby Sabine
01:08May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you.
01:10Good morning, Dr. Al-Sabah Al-Nahour
01:12May the peace and mercy of God be upon you
01:13Honestly, the novel made me very, very sad.
01:16But of course it's a sad novel.
01:18And it made me very, very sad too
01:20I mean, I finished it at night after reading it.
01:25I slept and the next day I woke up in the morning
01:29I feel like there is a heavy stone on my chest
01:33Really, because of how much it affected her
01:37It is a sad novel today, of course, and its ending is sad.
01:40Honestly, the novel made me very, very sad.
01:43But from your analysis, I am afraid that I will fill up and become a crammer.
01:47No, after evil
01:49But I have an important question for you, sir.
01:52What is the secret of your choosing this novel at this particular time?
01:55Certainly not my choice
01:57But as a minister of thanks, my greetings to you from Algeria
02:00First, Kafka has been on my mind for a while to discuss one of his works.
02:08But a week ago, one of my followers
02:12I mean, he asked me to discuss one of Kafka's works.
02:19Kafka was on my mind for a while so I said what?
02:22So, next week is the solution
02:25Which is last Friday, that means it is a work of Kafka
02:30Why this particular novel?
02:32Because it is really a novel in a way that represents the state of absurdity.
02:38What the whole world is going through now
02:41I mean, we live in an absurd state.
02:46unprecedented before
02:49I felt that this novel would express the emotional state that we all go through.
02:58The emotional, psychological and intellectual state that we all go through
03:01That's why I chose this novel.
03:05Big Mama from Saudi Arabia says: Dr. Saad, the novel is really, really sad.
03:11sad or
03:12It really strongly indicates the absurdity of life and the terrible transformation from one state to another.
03:19I seek refuge in God from the tragedies of vengeance and transformation
03:24Or the tragedies of vengeance and the transformation of well-being and all your anger
03:28We seek refuge in God from all this
03:30Hamid Rima Tour is wonderful, and the wonderful thing about you, Doctor, is that you started with our honorable late Sheikh Al-Shaarawy.
03:37I love you this episode thank you very much
03:41Introduction to the idea by Abbas Mahmoud Al-Akkad
03:46Not in the voice of the late Sheikh Shaarawy
03:48But I love both
03:50There is another comment from Faiza Sultan
04:00May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you. May He protect and preserve you.
04:06May God protect you, keep you safe and sound
04:09Esprit Sage Excellent analysis
04:12Patients present a reading of the novel The Double by Dustin Pesci
04:16In one of your episodes, with many thanks.
04:19I love Desto Pesci and Chekhov
04:23I love Russian literature in general, so God willing, there will be an episode in which I discuss a work by Dostoyevsky and a work by Anton Chekhov.
04:35Big Mama is also from Saadia
04:37My warm regards, Dr. Al-Sayed. Your posts are always very inspiring from the island of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace.
04:45My greetings to the land of the Two Holy Mosques and to the people of the land of the Two Holy Mosques
04:52Fawzi Gharsli, my greetings to you, Doctor. Please analyze the novel Zikola Land or George Orwell’s novel 1984.
05:03George Orwell's novel in particular, I mean in my mind that I am on its way
05:08Her turn is in a week, it hasn't been decided yet, but I have her in my possession
05:14Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell is in my custody
05:20Iman Amer, would you visit Jordan after this crisis? This would be an honor for us, Ibn Muslim.
05:25This is an honor for me, of course I hope and the honor is mine
05:30I visited Jordan once, but it wasn't a visit to Jordan, it was a transit.
05:35That is, during the visit of the Egyptian from Hong Kong to Egypt, he used the Jordanian-Tehran lines.
05:40I landed in Jordan, in Amman, and stayed there for about half a day.
05:46The airport led me to a hotel.
05:50I stayed in the hotel for half a day
05:55Her impression was beautiful, to be honest.
05:59I mean, the country didn't go to the country, but at least I saw the car from the airport to the hotel.
06:06The stay at the hotel was very comfortable.
06:10The buffet the next day in the morning was really great
06:15He needed to leave the food in Hong Kong.
06:20Eastern or Far Eastern food
06:24the Far East
06:26And suddenly he finds Arabic food
06:30The Arabic breakfast that we know
06:32It will be a beautiful transition
06:35Qasim Al Shamrani, an enjoyable novel, and you were creative in telling it to us. May God protect you.
06:41Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Yes, a wonderful presentation. Thank you, Professor Ahmed.
06:47Qasim Al Shamrani Is there a movie that tells the same story?
06:51I didn't see
06:53I have no idea, honestly
06:55I haven't watched the movie
06:57I didn't find a movie that talks about
06:59Besides, I always prefer not to
07:02Watching movies
07:05At least not until you read it.
07:08Because literary work is much better
07:11From the movie after it is made
07:16I feel that cinema is destroying literary works.
07:21So I don't remember
07:23I have seen any movie based on an international novel
07:27I liked the movie more than the novel
07:30It never happened to me
07:33There is, but today's episode is still there, so there is another comment
07:39This is what made me make today's episode to answer some points.
07:44I heal some points
07:46From Professor Walid Habal Turk
07:49Sayed Al-Karim says
07:51I followed your presentation of this novel and I agree with you in translating the name of the novel as “The Transformation.”
07:56I presented a critical, analytical and evaluative article that expresses the opinion of a skilled writer who loves literature.
08:03Your depiction of the novel's events in words was great because I understood the dimensions of the novel and the characters.
08:09Thank you, Professor Walid
08:10But as I follow your presentation until the end, I am searching for your goal in telling this story.
08:17Do you provide prescribed literary material for a specific audience?
08:21If so, you've done the job well.
08:25But if you want to provide educational literary material
08:29The truth is, sorry, it didn't work
08:32Frankly speaking, I have a desire and longing for a change in your reading of literature and your thinking.
08:41So that it becomes an effective material in changing the human personality
08:47I will remain patient and wait for this transformation.
08:50I will not dispense with the valuable stock of knowledge that you have, and success comes from God.
08:56First of all, thank you, Professor Walid, for this beautiful introduction.
09:02And in praise of my presentation
09:07Thank God you liked the show.
09:11But I will answer your question here
09:17Do you provide prescribed literary material for a specific audience?
09:22If you mean a literary subject prescribed for school students
09:28For example, university students who study dietetics
09:32In fact, I am not trying to provide material for university students.
09:38But the things that I offer each other, they study.
09:44I mean, in episodes that I presented before, I presented a lot of neglect in one episode.
09:50Julius Caesar in the episode
09:53Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad
09:59I was surprised that there were a lot of questions that came up and I answered them all, all of them students
10:09I even had to make another episode to answer a lot of questions I received.
10:17Also, Lord of the Flies is also engraved.
10:25The importance of being earnest, I myself studied this when I was a student.
10:30And Wuthering Heights, I think I'm definitely repeating myself to some students.
10:38Things fall apart
10:42There are many novels that I have been craving and have submitted episodes for.
10:47Some of them are repeated by students and some are not.
10:51But I don't know what is duplicated and what is not duplicated
10:54My audience is not school students and groups
10:59I mean, I don't give them the episode
11:01The audience that I represent is not the specific audience that you are asking about.
11:07Professor Walid, it is the audience of intellectuals in general.
11:10The program is exactly as it was in the introduction.
11:14The program is cultural
11:16It is really a specific audience because of course culture has a special audience and a small audience.
11:25Literature means a special audience, that is, the special ones
11:31Especially if there are hair here, there are novels
11:35The audience is decreasing, the episode is decreasing and it appears
11:38This is, of course, the specific audience, the audience interested in literature.
11:44The audience who loves literature and wants to know about it might have heard of a novel.
11:50There are many people who have heard about the novel, but do not have time to read it.
11:55So I present it to them and explain to them the symbols and meanings they contain.
12:02It is possible that some people read the novel and these things pass them by.
12:08This is the specific audience that I am talking about in these episodes.
12:16If so, you have done the right thing.
12:22I think here you think that I am presenting it to the students
12:27But not for students in general
12:29But of course there are many stories because I am focusing on something called
12:33Canonical Literature
12:35Canonical Literature This is the literature that the whole world recognizes as high-quality literature and as good literature.
12:45That's why we call it literature.
12:52High Brown Literature
12:54High Brown
12:55High eyebrow literature
12:57It means dormant literature
12:59This is literature
13:00Canonical
13:01Therefore, you will find many of his works assigned to school and university students.
13:06And sure
13:08Therefore, culture in general
13:13There are two types of culture
13:15He divides it
13:17It means
13:18Researchers in comparative cultural studies
13:23They divide culture in general into two types of culture
13:27Culture
13:29High culture and low culture
13:35Or sometimes referred to as popular culture
13:39But popularity here does not mean the culture of people living in popular neighborhoods.
13:46No, it's not meant like that
13:48Popular here means popular
13:50popular culture
13:52I mean, maybe people who live in villas
13:55But the culture they read, hear and see is also popular culture.
14:03It is the popular culture, the cooper culture that purifies the people.
14:08Not the masses in general listen to it
14:13This is called popular culture.
14:15High culture is
14:18Because not everything I agree on is acceptable.
14:23The masses agreed on it
14:25Not specialists
14:26masses
14:27It doesn't mean it's a good job.
14:29There are many novels that are followed by millions.
14:33I mean, take it on the doco, for example.
14:37Thrillers coming out in America now
14:41Stephen King for example
14:43His cars sell for, for example, one million, two million, and three million.
14:48And a little more and a little less
14:50I am not following, of course
14:53I don't read this kind of writing.
14:56But thrillers are not literature at all
14:59Although it sells more than any real writer
15:04This is this, this is not standard
15:08The issue of proliferation
15:10Not a criterion for success and not a criterion for quality
15:14Things I care about
15:17They are the literary works of elegance.
15:20belonging to the high literature
15:22That's why I presented a solution before.
15:24On the Corona virus
15:26On the novel
15:29I pointed out that the novel
15:31The Eyes of Darkness
15:33The first novel to mention the Corona virus
15:37I pointed to the virus and Khan
15:39I tried to read the novel
15:42To present it
15:44I actually read a third of the novel.
15:47But I couldn't finish it
15:49Because it means she is rich
15:51There is no depth in it.
15:54There is nothing to read in it
15:55But I tell it as if I am talking about it
15:58As if I broke up a movie
16:00And I talk about every movie
16:01He says about this
16:02Because there is no depth in it
16:04It's just a trifle
16:05Just an interesting story
16:07Adventure story
16:09Thriller
16:10and written language
16:12very faded language
16:14pale language
16:15Plain
16:16Flat Language
16:18very faded language
16:20blind language
16:21American
16:23There is no literature in it
16:26There is no hint of literature in it.
16:29It is a written novel.
16:31For teenagers
16:33For teenagers
16:35I mean, I'm reading this novel
16:37I am 12 years old, for example
16:39I don't care about time
16:41I couldn't finish it for more than the length of the novel.
16:45I forced myself to be healthy
16:46I couldn't
16:48And I listened
16:49I said I hear it
16:50And I tried to hear it
16:52And I listened to the second part of it
16:53I also couldn't finish it
16:55It means
16:56Isn't this the work I would like to show you?
17:03This is my standard
17:06The works that I present in the episodes
17:09Must be high-end work
17:11It must be
17:12canonical literature
17:14Therefore, any work he submits
17:16You will not find specialists differing on it
17:21Literary critics will not find any disagreement about it.
17:25That means let me come
17:30For the second question, the last part
17:33But if you want to present a literary material that you trust
17:39The truth is, sorry, it didn't work
17:41I don't understand here
17:42So, did I not succeed in the offer?
17:44So this remains
17:47Or I did not choose well
17:51If I choose correctly, it means
17:54I don't think it's a slap
17:56Need someone like me
17:58Or a bunch of them even talk about it
18:01Because he has already reserved his place in the world of literature as a newcomer.
18:07Must be honored
18:08Because it influenced many critics and writers.
18:15Poets, novelists and artists
18:19In the twentieth century and in the twenty-first century
18:22He is still reading, studying, studying and analyzing.
18:27His work means
18:29I don't even think the novel itself
18:32In need of any
18:34I mean, I need it
18:37For someone like him to try to give her credit
18:44It means
18:45My words about her will neither advance nor deter her.
18:48My talk about Kafka is of no use
18:50He has already reserved his place as a newcomer.
18:54It must be repeated
18:56This novel also reserved its place.
18:58A novel that must be repeated
19:01As an important novel
19:03I tell you frankly, I have a desire and longing for a change in your reading of literature and ideas.
19:09What you have to become an effective material for change
19:13In a change in human character
19:16This is a very important point here.
19:18It means
19:19And the point is that the topic and issue were raised a long time ago.
19:24Does literature have to have an effective purpose in society?
19:31Does it change the values of society or not?
19:36First, let's go back
19:41Let's see how art began
19:45Because of course literature is an art, meaning a type of art.
19:48Art from ancient times
19:52And before recorded history
19:55His first and only goal was entertainment.
20:04The purpose of art is to entertain.
20:07Art began the oldest arts began
20:11I started the art of poetry, the art of dance and the art of music
20:15Three arts that began as one art
20:19And then they broke up
20:21Of course they started in primitive forms.
20:24Very simple shapes
20:26And then every art develops
20:28The three arts countries come together again
20:32When there is work, for example, work on the stage
20:34musical theatre work
20:36There is dancing, singing and poetry
20:38And his hair
20:40The primary goal of art is entertainment.
20:45The poet means thousands of years ago
20:50When the poet began to chant
20:52He did not sing the poet who changes society
20:56When a poet sings, he entertains himself.
20:58The singer when he started singing
21:01Pervez sings about himself
21:03The one who dances
21:06Who makes any ringtone?
21:08On a drum or anything
21:10Or someone else dancing on it
21:12entertainment
21:14All this is entertainment
21:16And until now
21:18This is the first goal of art.
21:20It is entertainment for oneself.
21:22When I watch a movie, for example, a comedy
21:28or a comedy play
21:30If you asked me why I watch this play
21:34Or this movie is his
21:36Because I want to talk
21:37I want something to entertain myself
21:39The spirit of hearts hour after hour
21:43If hearts get tired, they become blind.
21:45God knows best, the hadith is authentic
21:49But it means the right thing
21:51It means that it matches our lives.
21:53It makes a very logical sense.
21:55But I am not a specialist in hadith, of course.
21:57So I can say
21:59This is true, not true
22:00But it makes very logical sense.
22:02And very rational
22:03And very realistic
22:05And everything
22:06We really need to get some rest.
22:09hour after hour
22:11Otherwise
22:12It won't work
22:13Life won't work
22:15When I watch a comedy
22:19My goal is to control
22:21Whether this play discusses a big issue
22:25Will it change society or not?
22:27This comes in second place.
22:29But if it is a play that discusses
22:33comedy play
22:35A play that discusses terrible issues and needs.
22:39But you failed to make me laugh
22:42To put a smile on my face
22:45It is a failed play.
22:47Even if it talks about serious issues in society
22:51It's a failed play.
22:53Because it is presented to us as a comedy play.
22:57The scale here is whether we laugh or not
23:01Comedy medicine and it succeeded in making us laugh
23:03Okay, let's move on to the second point. Is there a goal and an issue that you are discussing or not?
23:09This is the second point.
23:11But it is the second thing that comes in importance
23:15It is not the first thing
23:17because
23:21Since ancient times, the poet began to write poetry
23:25He straightens his hair to make himself look good.
23:27But after that
23:29People are starting to care
23:31And she began to be enchanted by his poems
23:35This is
23:37Entertainment after what was
23:39Personal entertainment
23:41To become entertainment for the whole community
23:43And here it began to appear
23:45Danger and importance
23:47Art
23:49Therefore, the people of power in every society
23:51They were trying to
23:53They control artists and writers.
23:57And they make them
23:59It means a trumpet that they praise
24:03And that's why it's time
24:05I mean before Islam
24:07In the early days of Islam
24:09In the Umayyad and Abbasid era
24:13When there was a poet's family
24:17In which tribe?
24:19This was an event that would never happen again.
24:21This meant as if
24:23On a scale
24:25today
24:27present
24:29What we are in
24:31As if our country, for example
24:33For example, which Arab country won the World Cup?
24:35In football
24:37Look at the victories
24:39And see the celebrations and joy that will prevail
24:41All Arab countries
24:43In an Arab country, Fez won the World Cup
24:45Oh
24:47Time has passed
24:49When a poet appears in a tribe
24:51This happened
24:53They slaughtered animals for him
24:55They were slaughtering animals
24:57And distributed to the poor
24:59And they hold celebrations
25:01Because the poet of time was like
25:03Ministry of Information currently
25:05This is the Ministry of Information
25:07This is the one who will write poetry that is proud of the tribe
25:09And he is proud of it
25:11And raises her name
25:13And he will record her championship
25:17Her championship that happened
25:19And her championship that didn't happen too
25:21The poet's time has become known for his importance.
25:27So instead of remaining the subject
25:29The poet and literature in general
25:33have a goal
25:35goal
25:37In society
25:39But
25:41This is not the main goal
25:43This is not the primary goal.
25:45For art in general
25:47It means
25:49How many months ago?
25:51When I was in China at the university in China
25:53It means
25:55There is a Chinese one
25:57I mean he is very active in the literary movement.
26:01He hosted me more
26:03He had a conversation with me in Chinese more than once.
26:05So they can appear in a book
26:07As a Chinese language student
26:11And those who are interested in it and who have translated from it
26:13And so it means
26:15He asked me more than once
26:19And you sent me poems
26:21For a poet
26:23In the city I was in
26:25He is the poet
26:27That means he is Ahmed Shawqi to them
26:29In this city
26:31In the county, it means
26:33Al-Mutanabbi for this district
26:35And he sent me his poems so that
26:37He asked me to translate it.
26:39For Arabic
26:41I read his poems
26:43I found it all glorifying the Chinese Communist Party.
26:47Of course, I did not translate anything from it.
26:51I couldn't finish reading it.
26:53because
26:55The poet when he turned
26:57Just a political mouthpiece
26:59For any political party
27:01Just a mouthpiece for anyone
27:03an idea
27:05It's done
27:07Lost
27:09His marriage
27:11He lost his temper
27:13He lost all his beauty
27:15Ok, it's just poetry
27:17The main goal
27:23From art
27:25It is entertainment
27:27But it comes
27:29With entertainment
27:31After the art
27:33The work is presented in an artistic manner.
27:37complete
27:39Come with entertainment
27:41It means intelligence
27:43Educating the mind
27:45Upgrade of the soul
27:47And purification of the human spirit
27:49And trying to understand
27:51life
27:53All of this
27:55Comes with the monarch
27:57But all this comes after
27:59Work is made of art for art's sake.
28:01Art for art's sake
28:03Art for art's sake
28:05Good job
28:07And then
28:09This is good work
28:11How will it benefit society?
28:13But the first must be a good deed.
28:15Even if it is work
28:17well advanced
28:19Of course
28:21I will have an impact
28:23On society
28:25And on the character of the reader
28:27significantly
28:29We have the present
28:31Heads of kings
28:33And the presidents of the republics
28:35And very guarded that the writers be
28:37On their side
28:39They are known
28:41The poet and the new
28:43They may change their orientations.
28:45and community ideas
28:47Their writings remain
28:49And for the artwork
28:51Changes society
28:53It changes the reader's personality.
28:57It doesn't have to be
28:59Direct literature
29:01It means
29:03In a base in novel writing
29:07All novelists know it.
29:09and critics
29:11What are you saying?
29:13Don't tell
29:17Show
29:19Describe the need
29:21It means
29:23If there is, for example
29:25scene
29:27This scene is a hero
29:29Or it has a character
29:31You want to say that she is an angry person
29:33Don't say it
29:35So-and-so was angry
29:37no
29:39If you did this and finished
29:41Talking about that
29:43No, this is not art
29:45This is not polite
29:47The writer
29:49I am not experienced in writing
29:51But
29:53Show how angry he was
29:55Without saying he was angry
29:57The way he speaks
29:59Facial features and how they will change
30:01Your description of the scene
30:03It will make the reader understand that this character is angry.
30:07Who else say he's angry with us?
30:09He also remained in the ruling and preaching
30:15The writer makes a terrible mistake.
30:18If he left his novel directly
30:23It contains direct wisdom and direct advice.
30:27This is not literature, this is not art
30:29This is what we call it
30:31Didactics
30:33Which is educational literature
30:36Literature made to teach the reader something
30:40We call it
30:42Didactic literature
30:44Educational literature, sermon literature
30:46This literature is not read
30:48And it ends
30:50Before he is born means he dies
30:52before he was born
30:54But real literature and art
30:56Who lives it
30:58He is the one who
31:00He gives you advice
31:02And the sermon
31:04without any reference to it
31:06Without saying it
31:08Directly to you
31:10This is something
31:12The second thing
31:14This literature leaves space for the reader.
31:16He is thinking
31:18He is asking questions.
31:20Doesn't give answers
31:22True literature
31:24It is literature that raises questions.
31:26And does not give answers
31:28Its goal is to make the reader think.
31:32That's the goal
31:34He knows the answer himself
31:36He extracts the message himself
31:38The message of the work is extracted by himself
31:40So I am presenting an episode
31:42And on display
31:44And by presenting the story
31:46You are talking about so-and-so
31:48Then I'll take the symbols.
31:50Who is in the episode?
31:52I am trying to find out and analyze
31:56The message that is in
31:58Professor Walid's comment here
32:00I mean, I felt that I didn't present the episode appropriately and adequately.
32:12Because he says in the comment that he has a desire
32:18Frankly speaking, I have a longing desire for a change in your reading of literature and the ideas you have, so that they become an effective material for changing the human personality.
32:26This means that the novel I presented by Kafka is not the kind of literature that can bring about change in the human personality.
32:36This is what I think this is the impression I get
32:40I definitely didn't present the episode properly.
32:43So I like to say here
32:46What am I going to do now?
32:48It means
32:50Split out
32:52I mean I say lessons learned
32:56I mentioned it in the Friday episode
33:00So that there is always room for the reader
33:04He comes with his own interpretation.
33:07But I mean let me
33:10I will tell you the lessons learned that I came out with
33:14Things I am personally waiting for
33:18It could be completely different things.
33:21Things that anyone else would get out of reading the novel
33:26All of this proves that the work is a true work of literature.
33:32The more visions there are
33:36All the interpretations and analyses indicate that the work is truly high-class.
33:43Not just, not just, not one level of understanding and that's it.
33:51I tell her that there are several levels of understanding.
33:55For me, the lessons that I personally benefited from
34:01For me, this novel is like the state of absurdity that the whole world is in.
34:07For the whole community in it
34:09And that a person should not be a mere witness to a state of absurdity.
34:15In the novel
34:17Gregor the main character
34:19Suddenly he found himself turned into an insect.
34:22The issue of a human being turning into an insect is something that means
34:25something illogical something unrealistic
34:28But he didn't even ask.
34:31How did he turn into an insect?
34:33Neither his father, nor his mother, nor his sister, nor his manager, nor the maid who saw him cleaning his cat
34:40No character wondered what happened.
34:45How can a human turn into an insect? It's not logical.
34:49Even if it turns into an insect
34:51What is his treatment?
34:53We don't need a doctor
34:55Why don't we bring scientists to study his condition and see his case?
34:59None of this happened
35:01A state of endless absurdity
35:03This depicts the reality we live in.
35:07The reality he was living in at the time
35:09When Machado wrote the novel in 1912
35:11and published it in 1915
35:13The reality we live in now
35:15The world we live in
35:17He is going through a mess
35:19On the religious level
35:23See religious agreements
35:25How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:27How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:29How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:31If you listen to music, you are an infidel in one's eyes
35:35If you draw
35:37You are an infidel in one's eyes
35:39Free and easy accusations
35:41easy
35:43And all of this
35:45It indicates ignorance of religion
35:47God, even if he has a beard, he will reach it
35:49For the lote tree
35:51And wearing
35:53I am doing this
35:55man
35:57It means
35:59His method
36:01Ignorance of religion itself
36:03Ignorance of religion from himself
36:05This whole mess
36:07As a viewer and as a human being, I see this absurd situation.
36:12Do
36:13I watch it and keep quiet
36:15Just like that
36:17Moeina Grigo sees that the thief turns into an insect, and they all accept that it is normal.
36:22Am I supposed to look at this mess?
36:24One of the conspiracy theories that makes one person appear after another, one after another.
36:28The absurd situation we see on social media and on the phone
36:32I see all this like this
36:34I accept it as a very normal situation.
36:36It is normal for people to disbelieve in each other.
36:39This is a normal situation
36:41No, this is a case of absurdity. As a rational person, I am supposed to reject this case of absurdity.
36:46He doubts and denounces it
36:49First of all, the first lesson I learned from the novel
36:55The second thing that reminded me of this is before I move on to the next thing.
37:00It reminded me of a Greek story, an ancient Greek myth called the River of Madness.
37:06Tawfiq al-Hakim wrote a play about it with the same name, River of Madness.
37:11It is said that in an ancient Greek kingdom there was a river
37:17Everyone who drinks from this river goes crazy.
37:21That's why it's called the River of Madness.
37:23The crazy people looked at the sane people as crazy.
37:26And the wise look at the madmen who drank from the river
37:28Of course they are crazy
37:30The problem is that people sit and drink from the river.
37:32One more rose
37:34The whole kingdom has gone crazy.
37:36Even the king's own family
37:38I drank from the river once and rose again
37:40Another rose
37:42The whole kingdom has gone crazy.
37:45Even the king's own family
37:49I drank from the river, and another one of the family members, his wife and all his children, came.
37:53And Fadl was the only one who kept begging me to drink from the river.
37:57Drink from the river of madness
37:59To be like them
38:00Because they are all crazy now
38:03But I think he is the only crazy one among them.
38:06He is the only one who did not drink from the river of madness
38:09He is the only breadwinner
38:11I think they are crazy
38:12This is a state of absurdity
38:14We don't have to be
38:16We remain just an imposition in the herd
38:18I see the chaos in the society around us
38:24We look at it as something very normal and something very ordinary.
38:28We won't even ask about it.
38:31This is the first lesson I can learn from Kafka's novel.
38:36The Transformation Novel
38:37The second thing
38:39Second lesson
38:40A person should not continue doing a job he does not like.
38:46It means
38:48A person must know why he came to life.
38:52Why did God bring man into life?
38:55Of course you know that I did not create Paradise and mankind except to worship Him.
39:00But your presence remained on this earth
39:03God also created you to express your worship of Him in a specific way.
39:10Of course, worship does not mean that you stay in the mosque or that you stay in the mosque during the day.
39:16no
39:17Of course, this is not what is meant.
39:19Rather, worship is that which is in a hundred needs in every aspect of your life.
39:26Every second of your life can be turned into worship.
39:30This is the second lesson I learned.
39:36This is a gear that I applied myself in my life.
39:38I mean I was in a job even though it was a very good job
39:45Everything is fine in it, I just got lost because I don't want to be just an employee
39:50I got a scholarship to study for a doctorate and I got my doctorate
39:55And one day I also felt that university teaching was suffocating me.
40:01Oh, I will leave him
40:15Student of many
40:16Do not abandon those close to you
40:18Of course, the second student was doing a job he hated.
40:22Every day he hates that he has to do it to pay off his father's debt.
40:27The second lesson is that we don’t have to keep doing something we hate or like.
40:35We do something that you feel you came into this world for.
40:40Even when Grigori died, when he decided to die, he decided to die to make his family happy.
40:47He spent his life working a job he hated in order to support his family.
40:52When he decided to die, it was also to help his family.
40:55However, they could not do all of this while they decided to get rid of him.
41:03The third lesson is not to abandon those close to you, even if their financial benefit to you is lost.
41:13And their material benefit to you is because of your evaluation of the person close to you
41:18Or even a person who is far away from you
41:21It is not for material gain
41:25No, even if the person is not of any material benefit to you
41:29It is supposed that if he was a person close to you and dear to you
41:33Don't give up on him
41:35Just like what happened in the novel, his entire family abandoned him as soon as he was no longer able to live and became too old for them.
41:43These three lessons, I can say that I personally learned them from the novel.
41:48Do these three lessons not help in changing human personalities?
41:55So how does the instruction say it is impossible?
41:59I read the novel and finished it at night and the next day
42:05I woke up from an accident and there was a stone inside my chest, I swear
42:08There was a stone in my chest
42:10There is something inside me that worries me
42:13From the events of the novel and how it ended
42:16That means
42:18It means a person who is sold by the people closest to him
42:30Just because he is no longer able to help them
42:33This is a very painful and very powerful thing.
42:39We are bowing to Kafka for his creativity in this description.
42:45In describing this case
42:48Which is an unrealistic and illogical situation that one improvement turns into stone
42:53Yet we feel it
42:56All of this does not help in changing our personality.
42:59What is the verse that helps?
43:01What is the verse that helps?
43:04If this does not help change our personality for the better
43:09We become better people on the mental, psychological, spiritual and moral levels.
43:16What is the verse that helps?
43:18If we are talking about literature and art
43:22There is no need to help anymore
43:24But of course, if we are talking at the level of sermon
43:27Of course, a sermon from the Sheikh, for example.
43:31It can help you a lot
43:33Literature is not for preaching
43:35As I said
43:37Literature is not for preaching
43:39Those who seek advice in literature and art
43:45He is looking in the wrong place.
43:48Although it may contain a sermon that changes a person’s personality.
43:52And change for society and everything
43:55But all this is done indirectly.
43:58All this is done indirectly.
44:00If it was done directly
44:02This remains low literature
44:04Low literature condemned to death even before he was born
44:10And the rest of the message of every work of literature and art is extracted.
44:16This is the reader's task.
44:18The writer's biggest crime is to explain what he wants to say.
44:27Just give me signals
44:30Reader's hands
44:32The reader has to pick up the signals and interpret them.
44:36After he explains it
44:38Most importantly, he interacts with events.
44:41When he interacts with events
44:43He starts searching for the message himself.
44:45What's in the story?
44:47What's in the novel
44:48What is the message?
44:49If only
44:51Oh, Mr. Walid, you
44:53You did not read the message that I said
44:56This is a shortcoming of
44:58My explanation
44:59And that's why I
45:00I wanted to repeat the explanation in this episode.
45:03I hope that
45:05What does that mean?
45:07You must have seen things
45:08Yes, in the novel
45:10I didn't cover it enough in the first episode.
45:13That's why this is the mission of the critic.
45:15What is the mission of the critic of literature?
45:17His mission is to analyze the work.
45:18To show the reader
45:20Some glimpses
45:22which the reader may overlook
45:26Literary criticism
45:29It means that he has the ability to
45:32Extract these things
45:34Yes
45:36As well as literary works
45:39not
45:41Not a source of knowledge
45:43That means we don't read literary works.
45:45In search of knowledge
45:48no
45:49No knowledge or appointment
45:51Literary and artistic works
45:53First for entertainment
45:55Secondly, it comes with entertainment.
45:58Other things
46:00Other things that are actually in a way between them
46:03What are these other things?
46:05First, art is not a science.
46:07But we read it in order to gain specific knowledge.
46:13But art
46:15It is an attempt to understand life.
46:18An attempt to explore the depths of the human soul
46:22Trying to explore yourself
46:24You
46:26Or you
46:28When we read a work
46:30We are trying to understand life.
46:32We try to fathom the depths of the human soul
46:34We explore ourselves
46:36An attempt to ask questions
46:40No to answer questions
46:42Novel or artwork
46:44What helps us think
46:46And asking questions
46:48Like Kafka's novel for insults and Fridays
46:50She helped me to
46:52Ask questions
46:54Is this reasonable?
46:55What happens to the slave
46:56How does it happen?
46:58How is it done?
47:00Is it reasonable that the value of a human being is?
47:02For its material benefit only
47:04And its material benefit to people
47:06For a family that ends
47:08That's it
47:10His nation ends for him
47:12Especially if it is something beyond his control
47:14One got sick, for example
47:16His family is about to throw him out
47:18Is this a humane thing?
47:20Why does the novel raise this question?
47:24And leave me inside
47:26He stayed angry and he stayed sad
47:28And interact
47:30All of this does not help in
47:32To elevate my personality
47:34It changes my personality
47:36He definitely does all of this.
47:38And all these attempts
47:40She is the one who really is
47:42It makes us progress
47:44We are promoted
47:46On the mental and psychological level
47:48And moral
47:50Without us directing you to this
47:52directly
47:54This is high literature
47:56High literature
47:58I wish I was
48:00I succeeded this time
48:02in
48:04It means
48:06Light installation
48:08I mean to worry more light
48:10on
48:12Sides I may be in the hunger ring
48:14He didn't cover it enough.
48:16But I hope that I am wanted
48:18Cover it well
48:20God willing, I will see you in another episode
48:22May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you.
48:24May the peace, blessings, and mercy of God be upon you
48:26Think of your duty as you think of your right
48:32He worked in pursuit of mastery
48:34Not seeking fame or reward
48:38Don't expect anything from people
48:40More than people have the right to
48:42to wait for you
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