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32- The Metamorphosis الدروس المستفادة من رواية التحول لفرانز كافكا هل للفن هدف؟
المحاضرة رقم ٣٢ بتاريخ ١٣ إبريل ٢٠٢٠
سلسلة الأدب العالمي (التشيك)
Transcript
00:00May the peace, blessings, and mercy of God be upon you
00:30Or at least some of them, I mean the first comment from Gene Zachary says, “Where have you been all this time, Sheikh?”
00:39Yes, there is an episode every week. Every Friday evening, there will be an episode dedicated to discussing a literary work.
00:50In the remaining days, there may be episodes about some current events, such as the Corona virus, for example.
01:00Or some other things
01:01Thank you for the question.
01:05In another comment from Saby Sabine
01:08May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you.
01:10Good morning, Dr. Al-Sabah Al-Nahour
01:12May the peace and mercy of God be upon you
01:13Honestly, the novel made me very, very sad.
01:16But of course it's a sad novel.
01:18And it made me very, very sad too
01:20I mean, I finished it at night after reading it.
01:25I slept and the next day I woke up in the morning
01:29I feel like there is a heavy stone on my chest
01:33Really, because of how much it affected her
01:37It is a sad novel today, of course, and its ending is sad.
01:40Honestly, the novel made me very, very sad.
01:43But from your analysis, I am afraid that I will fill up and become a crammer.
01:47No, after evil
01:49But I have an important question for you, sir.
01:52What is the secret of your choosing this novel at this particular time?
01:55Certainly not my choice
01:57But as a minister of thanks, my greetings to you from Algeria
02:00First, Kafka has been on my mind for a while to discuss one of his works.
02:08But a week ago, one of my followers
02:12I mean, he asked me to discuss one of Kafka's works.
02:19Kafka was on my mind for a while so I said what?
02:22So, next week is the solution
02:25Which is last Friday, that means it is a work of Kafka
02:30Why this particular novel?
02:32Because it is really a novel in a way that represents the state of absurdity.
02:38What the whole world is going through now
02:41I mean, we live in an absurd state.
02:46unprecedented before
02:49I felt that this novel would express the emotional state that we all go through.
02:58The emotional, psychological and intellectual state that we all go through
03:01That's why I chose this novel.
03:05Big Mama from Saudi Arabia says: Dr. Saad, the novel is really, really sad.
03:11sad or
03:12It really strongly indicates the absurdity of life and the terrible transformation from one state to another.
03:19I seek refuge in God from the tragedies of vengeance and transformation
03:24Or the tragedies of vengeance and the transformation of well-being and all your anger
03:28We seek refuge in God from all this
03:30Hamid Rima Tour is wonderful, and the wonderful thing about you, Doctor, is that you started with our honorable late Sheikh Al-Shaarawy.
03:37I love you this episode thank you very much
03:41Introduction to the idea by Abbas Mahmoud Al-Akkad
03:46Not in the voice of the late Sheikh Shaarawy
03:48But I love both
03:50There is another comment from Faiza Sultan
04:00May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you. May He protect and preserve you.
04:06May God protect you, keep you safe and sound
04:09Esprit Sage Excellent analysis
04:12Patients present a reading of the novel The Double by Dustin Pesci
04:16In one of your episodes, with many thanks.
04:19I love Desto Pesci and Chekhov
04:23I love Russian literature in general, so God willing, there will be an episode in which I discuss a work by Dostoyevsky and a work by Anton Chekhov.
04:35Big Mama is also from Saadia
04:37My warm regards, Dr. Al-Sayed. Your posts are always very inspiring from the island of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace.
04:45My greetings to the land of the Two Holy Mosques and to the people of the land of the Two Holy Mosques
04:52Fawzi Gharsli, my greetings to you, Doctor. Please analyze the novel Zikola Land or George Orwell’s novel 1984.
05:03George Orwell's novel in particular, I mean in my mind that I am on its way
05:08Her turn is in a week, it hasn't been decided yet, but I have her in my possession
05:14Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell is in my custody
05:20Iman Amer, would you visit Jordan after this crisis? This would be an honor for us, Ibn Muslim.
05:25This is an honor for me, of course I hope and the honor is mine
05:30I visited Jordan once, but it wasn't a visit to Jordan, it was a transit.
05:35That is, during the visit of the Egyptian from Hong Kong to Egypt, he used the Jordanian-Tehran lines.
05:40I landed in Jordan, in Amman, and stayed there for about half a day.
05:46The airport led me to a hotel.
05:50I stayed in the hotel for half a day
05:55Her impression was beautiful, to be honest.
05:59I mean, the country didn't go to the country, but at least I saw the car from the airport to the hotel.
06:06The stay at the hotel was very comfortable.
06:10The buffet the next day in the morning was really great
06:15He needed to leave the food in Hong Kong.
06:20Eastern or Far Eastern food
06:24the Far East
06:26And suddenly he finds Arabic food
06:30The Arabic breakfast that we know
06:32It will be a beautiful transition
06:35Qasim Al Shamrani, an enjoyable novel, and you were creative in telling it to us. May God protect you.
06:41Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Yes, a wonderful presentation. Thank you, Professor Ahmed.
06:47Qasim Al Shamrani Is there a movie that tells the same story?
06:51I didn't see
06:53I have no idea, honestly
06:55I haven't watched the movie
06:57I didn't find a movie that talks about
06:59Besides, I always prefer not to
07:02Watching movies
07:05At least not until you read it.
07:08Because literary work is much better
07:11From the movie after it is made
07:16I feel that cinema is destroying literary works.
07:21So I don't remember
07:23I have seen any movie based on an international novel
07:27I liked the movie more than the novel
07:30It never happened to me
07:33There is, but today's episode is still there, so there is another comment
07:39This is what made me make today's episode to answer some points.
07:44I heal some points
07:46From Professor Walid Habal Turk
07:49Sayed Al-Karim says
07:51I followed your presentation of this novel and I agree with you in translating the name of the novel as “The Transformation.”
07:56I presented a critical, analytical and evaluative article that expresses the opinion of a skilled writer who loves literature.
08:03Your depiction of the novel's events in words was great because I understood the dimensions of the novel and the characters.
08:09Thank you, Professor Walid
08:10But as I follow your presentation until the end, I am searching for your goal in telling this story.
08:17Do you provide prescribed literary material for a specific audience?
08:21If so, you've done the job well.
08:25But if you want to provide educational literary material
08:29The truth is, sorry, it didn't work
08:32Frankly speaking, I have a desire and longing for a change in your reading of literature and your thinking.
08:41So that it becomes an effective material in changing the human personality
08:47I will remain patient and wait for this transformation.
08:50I will not dispense with the valuable stock of knowledge that you have, and success comes from God.
08:56First of all, thank you, Professor Walid, for this beautiful introduction.
09:02And in praise of my presentation
09:07Thank God you liked the show.
09:11But I will answer your question here
09:17Do you provide prescribed literary material for a specific audience?
09:22If you mean a literary subject prescribed for school students
09:28For example, university students who study dietetics
09:32In fact, I am not trying to provide material for university students.
09:38But the things that I offer each other, they study.
09:44I mean, in episodes that I presented before, I presented a lot of neglect in one episode.
09:50Julius Caesar in the episode
09:53Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad
09:59I was surprised that there were a lot of questions that came up and I answered them all, all of them students
10:09I even had to make another episode to answer a lot of questions I received.
10:17Also, Lord of the Flies is also engraved.
10:25The importance of being earnest, I myself studied this when I was a student.
10:30And Wuthering Heights, I think I'm definitely repeating myself to some students.
10:38Things fall apart
10:42There are many novels that I have been craving and have submitted episodes for.
10:47Some of them are repeated by students and some are not.
10:51But I don't know what is duplicated and what is not duplicated
10:54My audience is not school students and groups
10:59I mean, I don't give them the episode
11:01The audience that I represent is not the specific audience that you are asking about.
11:07Professor Walid, it is the audience of intellectuals in general.
11:10The program is exactly as it was in the introduction.
11:14The program is cultural
11:16It is really a specific audience because of course culture has a special audience and a small audience.
11:25Literature means a special audience, that is, the special ones
11:31Especially if there are hair here, there are novels
11:35The audience is decreasing, the episode is decreasing and it appears
11:38This is, of course, the specific audience, the audience interested in literature.
11:44The audience who loves literature and wants to know about it might have heard of a novel.
11:50There are many people who have heard about the novel, but do not have time to read it.
11:55So I present it to them and explain to them the symbols and meanings they contain.
12:02It is possible that some people read the novel and these things pass them by.
12:08This is the specific audience that I am talking about in these episodes.
12:16If so, you have done the right thing.
12:22I think here you think that I am presenting it to the students
12:27But not for students in general
12:29But of course there are many stories because I am focusing on something called
12:33Canonical Literature
12:35Canonical Literature This is the literature that the whole world recognizes as high-quality literature and as good literature.
12:45That's why we call it literature.
12:52High Brown Literature
12:54High Brown
12:55High eyebrow literature
12:57It means dormant literature
12:59This is literature
13:00Canonical
13:01Therefore, you will find many of his works assigned to school and university students.
13:06And sure
13:08Therefore, culture in general
13:13There are two types of culture
13:15He divides it
13:17It means
13:18Researchers in comparative cultural studies
13:23They divide culture in general into two types of culture
13:27Culture
13:29High culture and low culture
13:35Or sometimes referred to as popular culture
13:39But popularity here does not mean the culture of people living in popular neighborhoods.
13:46No, it's not meant like that
13:48Popular here means popular
13:50popular culture
13:52I mean, maybe people who live in villas
13:55But the culture they read, hear and see is also popular culture.
14:03It is the popular culture, the cooper culture that purifies the people.
14:08Not the masses in general listen to it
14:13This is called popular culture.
14:15High culture is
14:18Because not everything I agree on is acceptable.
14:23The masses agreed on it
14:25Not specialists
14:26masses
14:27It doesn't mean it's a good job.
14:29There are many novels that are followed by millions.
14:33I mean, take it on the doco, for example.
14:37Thrillers coming out in America now
14:41Stephen King for example
14:43His cars sell for, for example, one million, two million, and three million.
14:48And a little more and a little less
14:50I am not following, of course
14:53I don't read this kind of writing.
14:56But thrillers are not literature at all
14:59Although it sells more than any real writer
15:04This is this, this is not standard
15:08The issue of proliferation
15:10Not a criterion for success and not a criterion for quality
15:14Things I care about
15:17They are the literary works of elegance.
15:20belonging to the high literature
15:22That's why I presented a solution before.
15:24On the Corona virus
15:26On the novel
15:29I pointed out that the novel
15:31The Eyes of Darkness
15:33The first novel to mention the Corona virus
15:37I pointed to the virus and Khan
15:39I tried to read the novel
15:42To present it
15:44I actually read a third of the novel.
15:47But I couldn't finish it
15:49Because it means she is rich
15:51There is no depth in it.
15:54There is nothing to read in it
15:55But I tell it as if I am talking about it
15:58As if I broke up a movie
16:00And I talk about every movie
16:01He says about this
16:02Because there is no depth in it
16:04It's just a trifle
16:05Just an interesting story
16:07Adventure story
16:09Thriller
16:10and written language
16:12very faded language
16:14pale language
16:15Plain
16:16Flat Language
16:18very faded language
16:20blind language
16:21American
16:23There is no literature in it
16:26There is no hint of literature in it.
16:29It is a written novel.
16:31For teenagers
16:33For teenagers
16:35I mean, I'm reading this novel
16:37I am 12 years old, for example
16:39I don't care about time
16:41I couldn't finish it for more than the length of the novel.
16:45I forced myself to be healthy
16:46I couldn't
16:48And I listened
16:49I said I hear it
16:50And I tried to hear it
16:52And I listened to the second part of it
16:53I also couldn't finish it
16:55It means
16:56Isn't this the work I would like to show you?
17:03This is my standard
17:06The works that I present in the episodes
17:09Must be high-end work
17:11It must be
17:12canonical literature
17:14Therefore, any work he submits
17:16You will not find specialists differing on it
17:21Literary critics will not find any disagreement about it.
17:25That means let me come
17:30For the second question, the last part
17:33But if you want to present a literary material that you trust
17:39The truth is, sorry, it didn't work
17:41I don't understand here
17:42So, did I not succeed in the offer?
17:44So this remains
17:47Or I did not choose well
17:51If I choose correctly, it means
17:54I don't think it's a slap
17:56Need someone like me
17:58Or a bunch of them even talk about it
18:01Because he has already reserved his place in the world of literature as a newcomer.
18:07Must be honored
18:08Because it influenced many critics and writers.
18:15Poets, novelists and artists
18:19In the twentieth century and in the twenty-first century
18:22He is still reading, studying, studying and analyzing.
18:27His work means
18:29I don't even think the novel itself
18:32In need of any
18:34I mean, I need it
18:37For someone like him to try to give her credit
18:44It means
18:45My words about her will neither advance nor deter her.
18:48My talk about Kafka is of no use
18:50He has already reserved his place as a newcomer.
18:54It must be repeated
18:56This novel also reserved its place.
18:58A novel that must be repeated
19:01As an important novel
19:03I tell you frankly, I have a desire and longing for a change in your reading of literature and ideas.
19:09What you have to become an effective material for change
19:13In a change in human character
19:16This is a very important point here.
19:18It means
19:19And the point is that the topic and issue were raised a long time ago.
19:24Does literature have to have an effective purpose in society?
19:31Does it change the values of society or not?
19:36First, let's go back
19:41Let's see how art began
19:45Because of course literature is an art, meaning a type of art.
19:48Art from ancient times
19:52And before recorded history
19:55His first and only goal was entertainment.
20:04The purpose of art is to entertain.
20:07Art began the oldest arts began
20:11I started the art of poetry, the art of dance and the art of music
20:15Three arts that began as one art
20:19And then they broke up
20:21Of course they started in primitive forms.
20:24Very simple shapes
20:26And then every art develops
20:28The three arts countries come together again
20:32When there is work, for example, work on the stage
20:34musical theatre work
20:36There is dancing, singing and poetry
20:38And his hair
20:40The primary goal of art is entertainment.
20:45The poet means thousands of years ago
20:50When the poet began to chant
20:52He did not sing the poet who changes society
20:56When a poet sings, he entertains himself.
20:58The singer when he started singing
21:01Pervez sings about himself
21:03The one who dances
21:06Who makes any ringtone?
21:08On a drum or anything
21:10Or someone else dancing on it
21:12entertainment
21:14All this is entertainment
21:16And until now
21:18This is the first goal of art.
21:20It is entertainment for oneself.
21:22When I watch a movie, for example, a comedy
21:28or a comedy play
21:30If you asked me why I watch this play
21:34Or this movie is his
21:36Because I want to talk
21:37I want something to entertain myself
21:39The spirit of hearts hour after hour
21:43If hearts get tired, they become blind.
21:45God knows best, the hadith is authentic
21:49But it means the right thing
21:51It means that it matches our lives.
21:53It makes a very logical sense.
21:55But I am not a specialist in hadith, of course.
21:57So I can say
21:59This is true, not true
22:00But it makes very logical sense.
22:02And very rational
22:03And very realistic
22:05And everything
22:06We really need to get some rest.
22:09hour after hour
22:11Otherwise
22:12It won't work
22:13Life won't work
22:15When I watch a comedy
22:19My goal is to control
22:21Whether this play discusses a big issue
22:25Will it change society or not?
22:27This comes in second place.
22:29But if it is a play that discusses
22:33comedy play
22:35A play that discusses terrible issues and needs.
22:39But you failed to make me laugh
22:42To put a smile on my face
22:45It is a failed play.
22:47Even if it talks about serious issues in society
22:51It's a failed play.
22:53Because it is presented to us as a comedy play.
22:57The scale here is whether we laugh or not
23:01Comedy medicine and it succeeded in making us laugh
23:03Okay, let's move on to the second point. Is there a goal and an issue that you are discussing or not?
23:09This is the second point.
23:11But it is the second thing that comes in importance
23:15It is not the first thing
23:17because
23:21Since ancient times, the poet began to write poetry
23:25He straightens his hair to make himself look good.
23:27But after that
23:29People are starting to care
23:31And she began to be enchanted by his poems
23:35This is
23:37Entertainment after what was
23:39Personal entertainment
23:41To become entertainment for the whole community
23:43And here it began to appear
23:45Danger and importance
23:47Art
23:49Therefore, the people of power in every society
23:51They were trying to
23:53They control artists and writers.
23:57And they make them
23:59It means a trumpet that they praise
24:03And that's why it's time
24:05I mean before Islam
24:07In the early days of Islam
24:09In the Umayyad and Abbasid era
24:13When there was a poet's family
24:17In which tribe?
24:19This was an event that would never happen again.
24:21This meant as if
24:23On a scale
24:25today
24:27present
24:29What we are in
24:31As if our country, for example
24:33For example, which Arab country won the World Cup?
24:35In football
24:37Look at the victories
24:39And see the celebrations and joy that will prevail
24:41All Arab countries
24:43In an Arab country, Fez won the World Cup
24:45Oh
24:47Time has passed
24:49When a poet appears in a tribe
24:51This happened
24:53They slaughtered animals for him
24:55They were slaughtering animals
24:57And distributed to the poor
24:59And they hold celebrations
25:01Because the poet of time was like
25:03Ministry of Information currently
25:05This is the Ministry of Information
25:07This is the one who will write poetry that is proud of the tribe
25:09And he is proud of it
25:11And raises her name
25:13And he will record her championship
25:17Her championship that happened
25:19And her championship that didn't happen too
25:21The poet's time has become known for his importance.
25:27So instead of remaining the subject
25:29The poet and literature in general
25:33have a goal
25:35goal
25:37In society
25:39But
25:41This is not the main goal
25:43This is not the primary goal.
25:45For art in general
25:47It means
25:49How many months ago?
25:51When I was in China at the university in China
25:53It means
25:55There is a Chinese one
25:57I mean he is very active in the literary movement.
26:01He hosted me more
26:03He had a conversation with me in Chinese more than once.
26:05So they can appear in a book
26:07As a Chinese language student
26:11And those who are interested in it and who have translated from it
26:13And so it means
26:15He asked me more than once
26:19And you sent me poems
26:21For a poet
26:23In the city I was in
26:25He is the poet
26:27That means he is Ahmed Shawqi to them
26:29In this city
26:31In the county, it means
26:33Al-Mutanabbi for this district
26:35And he sent me his poems so that
26:37He asked me to translate it.
26:39For Arabic
26:41I read his poems
26:43I found it all glorifying the Chinese Communist Party.
26:47Of course, I did not translate anything from it.
26:51I couldn't finish reading it.
26:53because
26:55The poet when he turned
26:57Just a political mouthpiece
26:59For any political party
27:01Just a mouthpiece for anyone
27:03an idea
27:05It's done
27:07Lost
27:09His marriage
27:11He lost his temper
27:13He lost all his beauty
27:15Ok, it's just poetry
27:17The main goal
27:23From art
27:25It is entertainment
27:27But it comes
27:29With entertainment
27:31After the art
27:33The work is presented in an artistic manner.
27:37complete
27:39Come with entertainment
27:41It means intelligence
27:43Educating the mind
27:45Upgrade of the soul
27:47And purification of the human spirit
27:49And trying to understand
27:51life
27:53All of this
27:55Comes with the monarch
27:57But all this comes after
27:59Work is made of art for art's sake.
28:01Art for art's sake
28:03Art for art's sake
28:05Good job
28:07And then
28:09This is good work
28:11How will it benefit society?
28:13But the first must be a good deed.
28:15Even if it is work
28:17well advanced
28:19Of course
28:21I will have an impact
28:23On society
28:25And on the character of the reader
28:27significantly
28:29We have the present
28:31Heads of kings
28:33And the presidents of the republics
28:35And very guarded that the writers be
28:37On their side
28:39They are known
28:41The poet and the new
28:43They may change their orientations.
28:45and community ideas
28:47Their writings remain
28:49And for the artwork
28:51Changes society
28:53It changes the reader's personality.
28:57It doesn't have to be
28:59Direct literature
29:01It means
29:03In a base in novel writing
29:07All novelists know it.
29:09and critics
29:11What are you saying?
29:13Don't tell
29:17Show
29:19Describe the need
29:21It means
29:23If there is, for example
29:25scene
29:27This scene is a hero
29:29Or it has a character
29:31You want to say that she is an angry person
29:33Don't say it
29:35So-and-so was angry
29:37no
29:39If you did this and finished
29:41Talking about that
29:43No, this is not art
29:45This is not polite
29:47The writer
29:49I am not experienced in writing
29:51But
29:53Show how angry he was
29:55Without saying he was angry
29:57The way he speaks
29:59Facial features and how they will change
30:01Your description of the scene
30:03It will make the reader understand that this character is angry.
30:07Who else say he's angry with us?
30:09He also remained in the ruling and preaching
30:15The writer makes a terrible mistake.
30:18If he left his novel directly
30:23It contains direct wisdom and direct advice.
30:27This is not literature, this is not art
30:29This is what we call it
30:31Didactics
30:33Which is educational literature
30:36Literature made to teach the reader something
30:40We call it
30:42Didactic literature
30:44Educational literature, sermon literature
30:46This literature is not read
30:48And it ends
30:50Before he is born means he dies
30:52before he was born
30:54But real literature and art
30:56Who lives it
30:58He is the one who
31:00He gives you advice
31:02And the sermon
31:04without any reference to it
31:06Without saying it
31:08Directly to you
31:10This is something
31:12The second thing
31:14This literature leaves space for the reader.
31:16He is thinking
31:18He is asking questions.
31:20Doesn't give answers
31:22True literature
31:24It is literature that raises questions.
31:26And does not give answers
31:28Its goal is to make the reader think.
31:32That's the goal
31:34He knows the answer himself
31:36He extracts the message himself
31:38The message of the work is extracted by himself
31:40So I am presenting an episode
31:42And on display
31:44And by presenting the story
31:46You are talking about so-and-so
31:48Then I'll take the symbols.
31:50Who is in the episode?
31:52I am trying to find out and analyze
31:56The message that is in
31:58Professor Walid's comment here
32:00I mean, I felt that I didn't present the episode appropriately and adequately.
32:12Because he says in the comment that he has a desire
32:18Frankly speaking, I have a longing desire for a change in your reading of literature and the ideas you have, so that they become an effective material for changing the human personality.
32:26This means that the novel I presented by Kafka is not the kind of literature that can bring about change in the human personality.
32:36This is what I think this is the impression I get
32:40I definitely didn't present the episode properly.
32:43So I like to say here
32:46What am I going to do now?
32:48It means
32:50Split out
32:52I mean I say lessons learned
32:56I mentioned it in the Friday episode
33:00So that there is always room for the reader
33:04He comes with his own interpretation.
33:07But I mean let me
33:10I will tell you the lessons learned that I came out with
33:14Things I am personally waiting for
33:18It could be completely different things.
33:21Things that anyone else would get out of reading the novel
33:26All of this proves that the work is a true work of literature.
33:32The more visions there are
33:36All the interpretations and analyses indicate that the work is truly high-class.
33:43Not just, not just, not one level of understanding and that's it.
33:51I tell her that there are several levels of understanding.
33:55For me, the lessons that I personally benefited from
34:01For me, this novel is like the state of absurdity that the whole world is in.
34:07For the whole community in it
34:09And that a person should not be a mere witness to a state of absurdity.
34:15In the novel
34:17Gregor the main character
34:19Suddenly he found himself turned into an insect.
34:22The issue of a human being turning into an insect is something that means
34:25something illogical something unrealistic
34:28But he didn't even ask.
34:31How did he turn into an insect?
34:33Neither his father, nor his mother, nor his sister, nor his manager, nor the maid who saw him cleaning his cat
34:40No character wondered what happened.
34:45How can a human turn into an insect? It's not logical.
34:49Even if it turns into an insect
34:51What is his treatment?
34:53We don't need a doctor
34:55Why don't we bring scientists to study his condition and see his case?
34:59None of this happened
35:01A state of endless absurdity
35:03This depicts the reality we live in.
35:07The reality he was living in at the time
35:09When Machado wrote the novel in 1912
35:11and published it in 1915
35:13The reality we live in now
35:15The world we live in
35:17He is going through a mess
35:19On the religious level
35:23See religious agreements
35:25How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:27How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:29How do they disbelieve in each other?
35:31If you listen to music, you are an infidel in one's eyes
35:35If you draw
35:37You are an infidel in one's eyes
35:39Free and easy accusations
35:41easy
35:43And all of this
35:45It indicates ignorance of religion
35:47God, even if he has a beard, he will reach it
35:49For the lote tree
35:51And wearing
35:53I am doing this
35:55man
35:57It means
35:59His method
36:01Ignorance of religion itself
36:03Ignorance of religion from himself
36:05This whole mess
36:07As a viewer and as a human being, I see this absurd situation.
36:12Do
36:13I watch it and keep quiet
36:15Just like that
36:17Moeina Grigo sees that the thief turns into an insect, and they all accept that it is normal.
36:22Am I supposed to look at this mess?
36:24One of the conspiracy theories that makes one person appear after another, one after another.
36:28The absurd situation we see on social media and on the phone
36:32I see all this like this
36:34I accept it as a very normal situation.
36:36It is normal for people to disbelieve in each other.
36:39This is a normal situation
36:41No, this is a case of absurdity. As a rational person, I am supposed to reject this case of absurdity.
36:46He doubts and denounces it
36:49First of all, the first lesson I learned from the novel
36:55The second thing that reminded me of this is before I move on to the next thing.
37:00It reminded me of a Greek story, an ancient Greek myth called the River of Madness.
37:06Tawfiq al-Hakim wrote a play about it with the same name, River of Madness.
37:11It is said that in an ancient Greek kingdom there was a river
37:17Everyone who drinks from this river goes crazy.
37:21That's why it's called the River of Madness.
37:23The crazy people looked at the sane people as crazy.
37:26And the wise look at the madmen who drank from the river
37:28Of course they are crazy
37:30The problem is that people sit and drink from the river.
37:32One more rose
37:34The whole kingdom has gone crazy.
37:36Even the king's own family
37:38I drank from the river once and rose again
37:40Another rose
37:42The whole kingdom has gone crazy.
37:45Even the king's own family
37:49I drank from the river, and another one of the family members, his wife and all his children, came.
37:53And Fadl was the only one who kept begging me to drink from the river.
37:57Drink from the river of madness
37:59To be like them
38:00Because they are all crazy now
38:03But I think he is the only crazy one among them.
38:06He is the only one who did not drink from the river of madness
38:09He is the only breadwinner
38:11I think they are crazy
38:12This is a state of absurdity
38:14We don't have to be
38:16We remain just an imposition in the herd
38:18I see the chaos in the society around us
38:24We look at it as something very normal and something very ordinary.
38:28We won't even ask about it.
38:31This is the first lesson I can learn from Kafka's novel.
38:36The Transformation Novel
38:37The second thing
38:39Second lesson
38:40A person should not continue doing a job he does not like.
38:46It means
38:48A person must know why he came to life.
38:52Why did God bring man into life?
38:55Of course you know that I did not create Paradise and mankind except to worship Him.
39:00But your presence remained on this earth
39:03God also created you to express your worship of Him in a specific way.
39:10Of course, worship does not mean that you stay in the mosque or that you stay in the mosque during the day.
39:16no
39:17Of course, this is not what is meant.
39:19Rather, worship is that which is in a hundred needs in every aspect of your life.
39:26Every second of your life can be turned into worship.
39:30This is the second lesson I learned.
39:36This is a gear that I applied myself in my life.
39:38I mean I was in a job even though it was a very good job
39:45Everything is fine in it, I just got lost because I don't want to be just an employee
39:50I got a scholarship to study for a doctorate and I got my doctorate
39:55And one day I also felt that university teaching was suffocating me.
40:01Oh, I will leave him
40:15Student of many
40:16Do not abandon those close to you
40:18Of course, the second student was doing a job he hated.
40:22Every day he hates that he has to do it to pay off his father's debt.
40:27The second lesson is that we don’t have to keep doing something we hate or like.
40:35We do something that you feel you came into this world for.
40:40Even when Grigori died, when he decided to die, he decided to die to make his family happy.
40:47He spent his life working a job he hated in order to support his family.
40:52When he decided to die, it was also to help his family.
40:55However, they could not do all of this while they decided to get rid of him.
41:03The third lesson is not to abandon those close to you, even if their financial benefit to you is lost.
41:13And their material benefit to you is because of your evaluation of the person close to you
41:18Or even a person who is far away from you
41:21It is not for material gain
41:25No, even if the person is not of any material benefit to you
41:29It is supposed that if he was a person close to you and dear to you
41:33Don't give up on him
41:35Just like what happened in the novel, his entire family abandoned him as soon as he was no longer able to live and became too old for them.
41:43These three lessons, I can say that I personally learned them from the novel.
41:48Do these three lessons not help in changing human personalities?
41:55So how does the instruction say it is impossible?
41:59I read the novel and finished it at night and the next day
42:05I woke up from an accident and there was a stone inside my chest, I swear
42:08There was a stone in my chest
42:10There is something inside me that worries me
42:13From the events of the novel and how it ended
42:16That means
42:18It means a person who is sold by the people closest to him
42:30Just because he is no longer able to help them
42:33This is a very painful and very powerful thing.
42:39We are bowing to Kafka for his creativity in this description.
42:45In describing this case
42:48Which is an unrealistic and illogical situation that one improvement turns into stone
42:53Yet we feel it
42:56All of this does not help in changing our personality.
42:59What is the verse that helps?
43:01What is the verse that helps?
43:04If this does not help change our personality for the better
43:09We become better people on the mental, psychological, spiritual and moral levels.
43:16What is the verse that helps?
43:18If we are talking about literature and art
43:22There is no need to help anymore
43:24But of course, if we are talking at the level of sermon
43:27Of course, a sermon from the Sheikh, for example.
43:31It can help you a lot
43:33Literature is not for preaching
43:35As I said
43:37Literature is not for preaching
43:39Those who seek advice in literature and art
43:45He is looking in the wrong place.
43:48Although it may contain a sermon that changes a person’s personality.
43:52And change for society and everything
43:55But all this is done indirectly.
43:58All this is done indirectly.
44:00If it was done directly
44:02This remains low literature
44:04Low literature condemned to death even before he was born
44:10And the rest of the message of every work of literature and art is extracted.
44:16This is the reader's task.
44:18The writer's biggest crime is to explain what he wants to say.
44:27Just give me signals
44:30Reader's hands
44:32The reader has to pick up the signals and interpret them.
44:36After he explains it
44:38Most importantly, he interacts with events.
44:41When he interacts with events
44:43He starts searching for the message himself.
44:45What's in the story?
44:47What's in the novel
44:48What is the message?
44:49If only
44:51Oh, Mr. Walid, you
44:53You did not read the message that I said
44:56This is a shortcoming of
44:58My explanation
44:59And that's why I
45:00I wanted to repeat the explanation in this episode.
45:03I hope that
45:05What does that mean?
45:07You must have seen things
45:08Yes, in the novel
45:10I didn't cover it enough in the first episode.
45:13That's why this is the mission of the critic.
45:15What is the mission of the critic of literature?
45:17His mission is to analyze the work.
45:18To show the reader
45:20Some glimpses
45:22which the reader may overlook
45:26Literary criticism
45:29It means that he has the ability to
45:32Extract these things
45:34Yes
45:36As well as literary works
45:39not
45:41Not a source of knowledge
45:43That means we don't read literary works.
45:45In search of knowledge
45:48no
45:49No knowledge or appointment
45:51Literary and artistic works
45:53First for entertainment
45:55Secondly, it comes with entertainment.
45:58Other things
46:00Other things that are actually in a way between them
46:03What are these other things?
46:05First, art is not a science.
46:07But we read it in order to gain specific knowledge.
46:13But art
46:15It is an attempt to understand life.
46:18An attempt to explore the depths of the human soul
46:22Trying to explore yourself
46:24You
46:26Or you
46:28When we read a work
46:30We are trying to understand life.
46:32We try to fathom the depths of the human soul
46:34We explore ourselves
46:36An attempt to ask questions
46:40No to answer questions
46:42Novel or artwork
46:44What helps us think
46:46And asking questions
46:48Like Kafka's novel for insults and Fridays
46:50She helped me to
46:52Ask questions
46:54Is this reasonable?
46:55What happens to the slave
46:56How does it happen?
46:58How is it done?
47:00Is it reasonable that the value of a human being is?
47:02For its material benefit only
47:04And its material benefit to people
47:06For a family that ends
47:08That's it
47:10His nation ends for him
47:12Especially if it is something beyond his control
47:14One got sick, for example
47:16His family is about to throw him out
47:18Is this a humane thing?
47:20Why does the novel raise this question?
47:24And leave me inside
47:26He stayed angry and he stayed sad
47:28And interact
47:30All of this does not help in
47:32To elevate my personality
47:34It changes my personality
47:36He definitely does all of this.
47:38And all these attempts
47:40She is the one who really is
47:42It makes us progress
47:44We are promoted
47:46On the mental and psychological level
47:48And moral
47:50Without us directing you to this
47:52directly
47:54This is high literature
47:56High literature
47:58I wish I was
48:00I succeeded this time
48:02in
48:04It means
48:06Light installation
48:08I mean to worry more light
48:10on
48:12Sides I may be in the hunger ring
48:14He didn't cover it enough.
48:16But I hope that I am wanted
48:18Cover it well
48:20God willing, I will see you in another episode
48:22May the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you.
48:24May the peace, blessings, and mercy of God be upon you
48:26Think of your duty as you think of your right
48:32He worked in pursuit of mastery
48:34Not seeking fame or reward
48:38Don't expect anything from people
48:40More than people have the right to
48:42to wait for you

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