00:00This island is the oldest island in Indonesia, the fourth largest in Indonesia, and the eleventh largest in the world.
00:08An island filled with cultural, ethnic and linguistic diversity.
00:18As well as extraordinary abundant biological wealth, such as tropical forests, mountains, wetlands, savannas, steppes, lakes, rivers,
00:29coral reefs, beautiful beaches, and exotic seas.
00:40And it is equipped with the life of an ecosystem of endemic species that can only be found in this place.
00:52Welcome to Sulawesi.
00:59This island is so unique, if we look at this island from above, it will clearly look like the letter K.
01:11This island is located to the east of the island of Borneo, south of the Sulu and Minandao Islands,
01:17namely an island which is part of the Philippines, west of the Maluku Islands,
01:22and the north of the East and West Nusa Tenggara Islands.
01:25The landscape of Sulawesi includes four main peninsulas,
01:30namely the eastern peninsula, southeastern peninsula, southern peninsula, and northern peninsula.
01:37This island was formed as a result of the collision of two main islands,
01:41namely eastern Sulawesi and western Sulawesi,
01:48between 19 and 13 million years ago.
01:51Sulawesi Island is actually located in a meeting zone between three large plates,
01:58namely the Indo-Australian plate from the south with an average movement speed of 7 cm per year,
02:06the Pacific plate from the east with an average movement speed of 6 cm per year,
02:12and the Eurasian plate which is moving relatively passively to the Southeast at an average speed of 3 cm per year.
02:19Tectonic development in Sulawesi itself has been going on since the Tertiary period until now.
02:26Sulawesi Island was formed from several geological processes that occurred over a period of millions of years,
02:33namely 70 to 50 million years ago,
02:37since West Sulawesi was still part of Sundalan.
02:40This island has so many historical stories and long processes,
02:54including all life within it.
02:57This island is inhabited by so many cultures, ethnic groups, and languages that are already well known.
03:03Even before the existence of many other civilizations in the archipelago,
03:08One example is the Bugis tribe.
03:10The Bugis people are known as sailors and nomads.
03:17They are famous for their pinisi ships for sailing the oceans to foreign countries.
03:23Makassar Tribe
03:28The Makassar tribe, although often equated, in fact the Bugis and Makassar tribes are two different ethnicities.
03:36In everyday life, the Makassarese use the Makassar language to communicate with each other.
03:42Toraja Tribe
03:47The Toraja tribe is famous for its unique traditional ceremonies.
03:50One of the famous traditional ceremonies is the death ceremony which uses buffalo as a sacrifice.
03:57Currently, the religions most widely practiced by the Toraja people are Protestant and Catholic.
04:13The rest is Islam and religion, ancestral beliefs called Aluqtudolok.
04:17And there are many more tribes and cultures that are developing well on this island.
04:41Apart from ethnicity and culture, this island is also equipped with extraordinary biological riches.
04:48In the form of an ecosystem of endemic species that only exist on this island.
04:55Like the maleo bird or macrocephalon maleo.
05:00This bird has black feathers, yellow skin around the eyes, reddish brown irises, gray legs, an orange beak, and whitish pink undersides.
05:14On top of its head there is a hard black horn or crest, males and females are similar.
05:21Usually the females are smaller and darker in color than the males.
05:26Maleo is a monogamous species.
05:31Maleo is a diurnal bird.
05:33At night, this bird will sleep in the trees.
05:36These animals usually live in colonies and spend most of their time looking for food on the ground surface by scratching the ground.
05:46Maleo prefers to run to hide in plants rather than fly when there is danger.
05:51Anoa or Bubalus SP is an endemic animal of Sulawesi Island which is the largest among other animals.
06:03There are two types of anoa, namely lowland anoa and mountain anoa.
06:08The shape of the anoa is similar to a buffalo, so the anoa is also often called the kenit buffalo.
06:14The lowland anoa is relatively larger than the mountain anoa.
06:17The lowland anoa weighs 300 kg, has a shoulder height of 80-100 cm, and a body length of 170-188 cm.
06:31Meanwhile, the highland anoa weighs 150 kg, has a shoulder height of 60-75 cm, and a body length of 122-153 cm.
06:44Sulawesi black monkey or Macaca Nigra
06:49The Sulawesi black monkey, also known as yaki, is an endemic animal of Indonesia that is only found on the northern part of Sulawesi Island and several surrounding islands.
07:01Yaki is the largest type of macaque monkey on the island of Sulawesi.
07:05The distinctive characteristic of the yaki is that its entire body is black and it has a crest of hair on its head.
07:13and has a pink bottom.
07:17This black monkey has body characteristics that are easy to distinguish from other species.
07:22It is about 44-60 cm tall, with a body weight of about 7-15 kg, quite large when compared to other Sulawesi monkeys.
07:33This monkey's skin is jet black with shiny black fur covering its entire body,
07:39except the face, palms, and buttocks.
07:43Its snout is more prominent when compared to other types of monkeys.
07:48Babirusa or Babirusa celebensis
07:51It is the Sulawesi bear cuscus or Aelorops ursinus.
07:57Often also called bubutu is a member of the genus Aelorops.
08:01The bear cuscus is a marsupial and belongs to the Phalangeridae family.
08:06The bubutu is an arboreal marsupial that lives in the canopy of tropical rainforests.
08:12Its status and ecological condition are almost unknown.
08:15Although scientists classify these populations as one species,
08:20namely A. ursinus or melanotis,
08:23but basically bubutu is a species.
08:27This genus is distinct,
08:28although authorities include it in the subfamily Aeloropinae.
08:33Bubutu is only found on several islands in Indonesia
08:36which is part of Asia
08:38most of which marsupials are not found in Asia.
08:43A hypothesis states that
08:45isolation that caused bubutu to be found on the island of Sulawesi
08:49which occurred during the Miocene
08:51which caused the difference from the family Phalangeridae.
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