The island of Madagascar, located in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa, is not just an ordinary island, it is often referred to as an "evolutionary laboratory" because of its wealth of endemic species.
00:00The island of Madagascar is located in the Indian Ocean off the East coast of Africa.
00:08This island is not just an ordinary island, it is often referred to as an evolutionary laboratory because of its wealth of endemic species.
00:21Madagascar separated from the African continent about 88 million years ago.
00:27The island is approximately 1,600 km long and 580 km wide with a very diverse landscape ranging from dense tropical rainforests, iconic highlands, dry grasslands to beautiful beaches.
00:49Madagascar is the most unique place in the world.
00:51Due to geographic isolation over millions of years, Madagascar has become home to very unique flora and fauna,
01:00where there are around 90% of species that cannot be found anywhere else.
01:06The island has a very varied landscape,
01:27starting from the tropical rainforest in the east,
01:32to the central highlands and dry savanna in the west.
01:37And one of the most spectacular places on the island is Singi de Bemaraha.
01:46A sharp limestone landscape that looks like something out of another world,
01:50This place is even recognized as a world heritage site by UNESCO.
01:54In addition, the beaches in Madagascar,
02:01such as in Nossi Bay and Il Santamari,
02:04offering alluring white sand and clear blue water.
02:07But the main attraction of this island is not only that.
02:11Madagascar has a very interesting culture.
02:14The inhabitants are called Malagasy,
02:17is a mix of African and Southeast Asian descent.
02:21Their official language is Malagasy,
02:24but French is also commonly used due to colonial history.
02:30Here there are many famous unique traditions,
02:33and one of them is a tradition called Fama Dihana,
02:38known as the bone turning tradition.
02:41In this tradition,
02:44a family opens the grave of their long-buried ancestor,
02:49then dug up and rewrapped the body in new cloth.
02:54They celebrate it with dancing accompanied by music.
02:58This tradition depicts deep respect for ancestors.
03:02But the main attraction of this island is of course its endemic species,
03:10which has 90% flora and fauna
03:13which cannot be found anywhere else but here.
03:19Lemur
03:20The icon of Madagascar is a unique primate that is in the spotlight.
03:25There are more than 100 species of lemurs,
03:28starting from this cute ring-tailed lemur.
03:37Ringtail lemur
03:40is one of the most famous lemur species in the world
03:44with unique appearance and interesting social behavior.
03:48This animal has become an icon of Madagascar.
03:50and a major attraction for wildlife lovers.
03:54With their distinctive ring patterned tails.
04:01Their name comes from their long tails.
04:04and decorated with alternating black and white rings
04:07which amounts to approximately 13 to 15 rings.
04:12This tail is often used for visual communication.
04:15with other lemur groups.
04:17Lemurs have gray furry bodies.
04:25with a white face and black muzzle
04:27and dark circles around their eyes
04:30which resembles a mask.
04:33They weigh around 2 to 3.5 kilograms.
04:36With a body length of around 39 to 46 cm
04:43plus a tail 56 to 63 cm long.
04:49Ring-tailed lemurs are only found in Madagascar.
04:52especially in the southern and western parts of the island.
04:56They live in a variety of habitats
04:57such as dry deciduous forests,
05:00thorny bushes,
05:02and gallery forests along the river.
05:04Although flexible to various types of environments,
05:08they prefer habitat
05:09with low trees and rocky areas.
05:13These animals live in large groups
05:15which is called trup,
05:16consisting of 6 to 30 individuals.
05:20Interestingly, they are a matriarchal species.
05:23where the female has a position
05:25the more dominant
05:26and most specialized in the group.
05:29Unlike many other lemurs,
05:36Ring-tailed lemurs are active during the day
05:38or diurnal.
05:40They are often seen sunbathing in the morning.
05:43with a unique position
05:44like yoga poses,
05:47with outstretched arms
05:49to catch the sun
05:50in the morning.
05:51And the way they communicate is also very unique.
06:00They use voice,
06:02facial expressions,
06:03and tail to communicate.
06:06One of their characteristics is the smell war
06:09where the males rub their tails
06:11with scent glands
06:12and flick it towards the opponent.
06:15Ring-tailed lemurs are omnivorous animals.
06:21But their main food is plants.
06:24Their diet includes
06:26fruits,
06:27young leaves,
06:28flower,
06:29bark,
06:30insect,
06:31and small animals
06:31as a protein supplement.
06:34Their ability to eat
06:36various types of food
06:37help them survive
06:39in this harsh environment.
06:40But in this place
06:44not only inhabited by ring-tailed lemurs.
06:48This is also the place of lemurs
06:50the largest among other lemurs,
06:52that is
06:53Indri Lemur
06:55or Indri-Indri is one of the lemur species
06:58the most unique and the biggest
07:00who live in Madagascar.
07:02With a beautiful calling voice
07:04and interesting behavior,
07:06Indri becomes an icon of diversity
07:08life of this island.
07:10Indri is also known as
07:15Baba Koto
07:16by local residents
07:17which means little father
07:19in Malagasy
07:20which shows
07:22cultural closeness to this animal.
07:25Indri is the largest lemur
07:27with body length
07:29about 64 to 72 cm
07:32and weighs 6 to 9.5 kg.
07:38Unlike other lemurs,
07:40Indri does not have a long tail
07:42whose tail is very short,
07:44almost invisible.
07:47Their fur is usually black and white.
07:49with patterns that vary from individual to individual.
07:54Their facial parts are black
07:55with big bright yellow eyes.
08:00Indri has long and strong legs
08:02allows them to jump
08:04up to 10 meters
08:06from one tree to another.
08:09Indri is only found in tropical rainforests
08:12in eastern Madagascar.
08:14Living in a forest with tall trees
08:16which is the ideal place
08:18to jump and take cover.
08:20They rarely come down to the ground
08:23and spent almost his entire life
08:25in the forest canopy.
08:27Indri is a social animal
08:29live in small groups
08:31consisting of 2 to 6 individuals
08:34usually in pairs and monogamous in nature
08:36with their children.
08:40One of the most unique characteristics of Indri
