Turkey is a cultural and historical powerhouse, a fusion of the European and Asiatic that has always been central to the state of global politics and international relations. Istanbul, the largest city and former capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires is the incarnation of Turkey's place in history. The Hagia Sophia and The Blue Mosque are among most instantly recognisable places of worship in the world and house marvellous murals from their respective eras. Additionally, take a tour of the Bosphorus, immerse yourself in a grand bazaar, and sample some Turkish delight or authentic Istanbul donner kebab. Built in the 6th Century B.C, the ruins of the Temple of Artemis stand in Ephesus. Cappadocia was an early Christian settlement that stands well-preserved on a rocky plateau. Visitors have the chance to explore it from a hot air balloon. Modern Turkey's founder, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is buried in an enormous mausoleum, surrounded by impressive museums in the capital Ankara. Once you've taken all this in, head to the Mediterranean coast for some sun, sand and splash at Patara beach, the largest in Turkey, or visit popular resort towns such as Antalya or Marmaris.