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00:00Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
00:30Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
01:00Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
01:06Cetaceans, and for us, they're the spirit, the voice of the ocean
01:11Actually, Cetaceans, the world over, are a lot like humans
01:14There is so much we don't know yet
01:16And I feel that we're only really scraping the surface of their intelligence
01:20They are the ocean souls, guides and protectors
01:31Here to lead us towards a more connected future
01:34What if their intelligence and sense of family is not only linked to our origins
01:46But also to our future
01:49What if whales, dolphins, humans and all life on earth
01:58Are meant to depend on each other
02:00To coexist and learn from one another
02:04To see and support each other
02:07As one family
02:08Maybe our very survival depends on extending our sense of family
02:18Across species and around the world
02:21As one family
02:23Or as one family
02:25See and support each other
02:26As one family
02:27What if someone
02:29Da 140
02:30E3
02:31?",
02:31Oh!
02:32Oh!
02:33Oh!
02:34Oh!
02:34Oh!
02:36Oh!
02:37Oh!
02:38Oh!
02:38Oh!
02:38Oh!
02:38Oh!
02:39Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
03:09Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
03:39Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
04:09Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
04:39Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
05:09Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
05:39Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
06:09Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
06:39In the same way that we do
06:42They can't feel what we feel
06:46And it extends not just to physical pain
06:50Like being stabbed
06:51Or otherwise wounded
06:55It can wound your heart
06:58There's also examples of J-35
07:11A southern resident killer whale
07:13In the Pacific Northwest
07:15She gave birth to one of her calves
07:18And the calf lived for 30 minutes
07:20Sadly the calf died
07:21For 17 days after that
07:24She carried around her calf
07:26On her nose, in her teeth, on her rostrum
07:28For 17 days
07:30It was called the tour of grief
07:32It's really hard to be a scientist
07:34And not see that as an emotion
07:37Not see it as mourning
07:38I think that's where our scientists
07:40Sometimes need to humanise that
07:42In the point that
07:43They do have emotions
07:45When these close family bonds
07:55Are broken
07:55By death
07:57Or capture
07:57They call out in panic
08:00Searching for the relatives
08:04That make them feel safe
08:06Even after decades
08:10In captive confinement
08:11Orca and dolphins
08:13Continue to call out
08:15To the families they've once lost
08:17Whales and dolphins
08:25Have suffered greatly
08:27At the hands of humans
08:29And yet
08:31When wild whales
08:33Are approached
08:34With calm
08:35And respect
08:36They view us
08:38With patience
08:39Curiosity
08:40And compassion
08:42Whales carry the wisdom of memory
08:50Many cetaceans living today
08:55Have suffered anger
08:56Sadness
08:58And the loss of a relative
09:00To hunting
09:01Or entanglement
09:02Yet they seem to view us
09:24With great forgiveness
09:26Beyond our human capacity
09:28To understand
09:29Dolphins clearly express their joy
09:41While doing leaps and spins
09:43With visible exuberance
09:45The more you see them
10:02And diving with them
10:03Hundreds of hours
10:04Being in the water
10:05With the dolphins
10:06Every time
10:08Is different
10:08Some days are really surprising
10:24That you see for example
10:26When they are playing football
10:28With a puffer fish
10:29And they are together
10:30And it's actually kind of teamwork
10:32When they balance
10:33Poor puffer fish in this way
10:35We have such a strong emotional interest
10:55In these magnificent animals
10:57Because their need for emotional connection
11:01So closely mirrors our own
11:04When we witness their grief and fear
11:08Their joy and affection
11:10We have a chance to remember
11:13Our own ocean souls
11:16We have a chance to remember
11:17We have a chance to remember
11:18We have a chance to remember
11:19We have a chance to remember
11:20We have a chance to remember
11:21We have a chance to remember
11:22We have a chance to remember
11:23We have a chance to remember
11:24We have a chance to remember
11:25We have a chance to remember
11:26We have a chance to remember
11:27We have a chance to remember
11:28We have a chance to remember
11:29We have a chance to remember
11:30We have a chance to remember
11:31We have a chance to remember
11:32We have a chance to remember
11:33We have a chance to remember
11:34We have a chance to remember
11:35We have a chance to remember
11:36We have a chance to remember
11:37We have a chance to remember
11:38We have a chance to remember
11:39We have a chance to remember
11:40We have a chance to remember
11:41We have a chance to remember
11:42We have a chance to remember
11:43Die Dolphins, Whales und andere Marines
11:53sind mit einem anderen kommunizieren.
11:56Können wir uns inrufen?
11:58Können wir uns herausfinden, was es bedeutet?
12:01Und vielleicht ein Gespräch?
12:04Es ist ein wunderbarer Traum.
12:06Ich hoffe, es wird wahr.
12:13Kommunikation ist eine Sache für die Überleben.
12:25Es ist wie wir uns für unsere Werte getroffen haben,
12:27wenn wir sie nicht selbst treffen.
12:30Als sehr intelligenter species,
12:34viele cetaceien leben und lieben in Familiengruppen,
12:37werden wir uns auf jeden anderen
12:39für Schutz, Essen und Komfort geben.
12:44Auch mehr als wir machen.
12:48Es ist Kommunikation
12:50das macht die soziale Survivalen möglich.
12:53Without it, each of us, human and animal, would be completely isolated within our own experience.
13:11Language allows us to bond, build and thrive together.
13:18The greatest skill that cetaceans have in terms of how they communicate with each other is not just the fact that they can communicate across huge distances, some species,
13:31but also the way that they transmit information about the world around them, the three-dimensional world around them.
13:38And effectively, what we're seeing, what we're learning as the years go by, is that cetaceans have abilities which to humans are basically supersensory,
13:48things that we could never replicate, but things that we're learning that these animals use to understand and exist in this very hostile alien environment.
13:57Things that have evolved over the course of about 50 million years or so.
14:00Whales and dolphins rely on language and sound communication in an even bigger way.
14:15Hearing is their most critical sense and the basis of their daily survival.
14:20Cetacean sonic communication is more important than a human sight.
14:34They cannot navigate without the listening and transmitting abilities of sound.
14:40On s'est aperçu que les cachalots du clan d'Irène Gulletordue utilisaient très souvent une expression sonore à 8 clics.
14:57On l'a enregistrée des centaines, des milliers de fois et on a montré que chaque fois qu'elle était émise et que le cachalot qui était appelé répondait,
15:17alors les deux cachalots se rejoignaient et se faisaient des caresses.
15:22Ces caresses sont probablement le moyen de communication le plus important,
15:52le plus important qu'il exige chez les cachalots.
15:56Les cachalots, les géants, les géants, oui, c'est 20 mètres, 50 tonnes, les grands mâles,
16:02sont les rois de la délicatesse, les rois de la caresse, les rois de la légèreté.
16:09Je ne peux pas croire que dans ces moments échangés, il n'y ait pas quelque chose de fondamental, d'essentiel,
16:16qui les relie entre eux, beaucoup plus fort que tous les mots.
16:22Un feet incroyable.
16:31Une voix incroyable.
16:32Est-ce que peut être une voix incroyable.
16:35C'est ce qui m'a d'attreper sur leur communication.
16:37However, dolphins are the most articulate and expressive.
17:01Dolphins have languages with more than 60,000 different words.
17:06That's more than many human languages.
17:12They combine distinctive combinations of clicks, whistles, and trills to communicate complex ideas to one another.
17:31The basic communication of survival begins at birth.
17:36Every species of whale and dolphin has their own unique assigned word.
17:44Immediately following the birth of a calf, mother dolphins repeatedly call out their own signature whistle.
17:54This allows time for the new baby to imprint on the unique voice and name of its own mother before hearing the names of the rest of the pond.
18:06When we know about the whistling and also the calves, when they learn their own signature whistle, when they come, maybe they even have a whistle or a name, a signature name for me, for myself.
18:22Because I'm sure they also talk about what, who is coming, what's going on, when they come to you on front and they scan you and they even have a template probably from different people.
18:35Two dolphins can even talk about a third animal who is not present by using the absent animal's signature whistle, showing their ability to gossip or exchange information about each other.
19:00Toothed whales, like dolphins, orcas, and sperm whales, use sound to navigate, locate prey, and coordinate group hunting by echolocation.
19:17By sending out sonic pulses and reading the echoes that bounce back, they can create an image of what is around them, and each pod member receives the picture at the same time.
19:35In quiet waters, they can navigate every element of their world without using sight, entirely dependent on sound.
19:45Humpback songs are emotive vocalizations made only by males at mating grounds, and they play a key role in attracting females.
20:11These songs evolve and change every year.
20:14Humpback calls, on the other hand, are the basis of their communication, and remain remarkably static and consistent, even over generations.
20:36Now, can you imagine losing your ties to your loved ones?
20:48Your ability to communicate and connect, being forced into an ever louder and lonelier existence as humans intrude into their habitats.
21:02The conditions underwater are hugely altered by the global daily traffic of over 50,000 shipping vessels, sonic explorations, and other human technologies.
21:24And whales and dolphins are struggling to keep up.
21:33For these animals, sound is how they can see the environment.
21:37So if there's a lack, they have any problem with sound production, emission, or reception, it's like for us to be blind.
21:46The stress, isolation, and psychological damage of noisy oceans mean no feeding, no meeting, no mating, no offspring, and no future.
22:10So if there's just Cooper from there.
22:26Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
22:56Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
23:26Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
23:56Each of these groups has a unique social structure, often centred around several matriarchs
24:06and its own style of communication that has been passed down from generation to generation
24:16giving each pod its own culture
24:20Killawale societies are matriarchal, so grandma rules the roost. Even though the male is far bigger in size,
24:45it's actually the female that's the dominant one. The Killawale matrilineal society is grandmas,
24:51it's mothers, it's sisters, it's daughters and they all live together, they care for each other,
24:57they feed together, they swim together. Family life for them is critical.
25:01This is the things that are so similar to what we do in the human world that we can see reflected in
25:10these animals and these different populations around the world, which makes us become so much more
25:16connected to them.
25:17In a rare and tender display of care, there is even evidence of elder female orca acting as midwives,
25:32attending to the birth of calves. These elders support calves during their first breaths,
25:41gently bringing them to the water's surface while the mother rests and recovers.
25:47This evidence of care that mother and baby are guided and supported during birth changes the way
26:03that orca enter the world.
26:05Females also shape the family dynamic of sperm whales living in related pods of grandmothers,
26:18aunts, mothers and daughters who cooperate for life in raising the pods young together.
26:27Lorsque les mères partent chasser, elles viennent avec leurs nouveaux-nés le laisser à la crèche.
26:46C'est la nounou le pilier de la société des cachalots. Sans nounou, sans cette solidarité,
26:52les petits seraient tués. Par conséquent, il n'y aurait pas de cachalots.
26:57Et autre chose encore très important, il y a les nounous allaitantes. Chaque petit a une nounou
27:04qui va l'allaiter lorsque sa mère est dans les profondeurs. Le cachalot est un être social,
27:13c'est un cerveau social. Ils vivent ensemble, ils sont ensemble.
27:27C'est un cerveau social.
27:29C'est un cerveau social.
27:30Les males sperm whales co-operate for life. Males lead a more solitary existence, maturing
27:38slowly, spending around a decade within the care of the pod.
27:47They then migrate alone, as they grow to maturity, before forming short-term bachelor groups,
27:56moving back into the range of females, when it's time to battle for the right to mate.
28:02Like elephants, lions, and great apes, large male whales engage in shows of strength and skill
28:19to drive off weaker competitors, away from females.
28:25Groups of male dolphins form relationships early in life that continue for decades, and each friendship
28:48appears to serve a different purpose. Some are for hunting. Some are for protection.
29:01And some are purely for playing and socialising.
29:08The ones that have the strongest social bonds to other males, so the males that we
29:17we saw most often together, that these males that were often seen with others, that they
29:23also obtained the most females.
29:47Cetacean family ties exceed the pure biological imperative. If a calf becomes an orphan, there is always
30:02someone in the pod to take on the guardian role.
30:07Even more incredible is their capacity for empathy.
30:19Sometimes resulting in a truly special phenomenon. An intraspecies adoption.
30:28Sometimes you see very interesting behaviour. In French Polynesia, we saw these dolphins, these bottlenove
30:36dolphins that have adopted a melon-headed whale, and this is unique. We believe it was an orphan that got
30:43accepted by the group, and it behaves like a dolphin. So it's also very interesting behaviour that you don't see very often.
30:50This desire to nurture and nourish another being through adoptive care is altruistic, deliberate, and sustained through emotional connection.
31:07These conscious relationship bonds, the foundation of cetacean families, mirror how humans live and love each other.
31:27The minds of cetaceans have evolved much like ours. We are all dependent on caring for each other. It keeps us alive.
31:45It is surprising.
32:14It is surprising that the best test we have for cognitive self-awareness, the neurological soul, involves a mirror.
32:30They can recognise themselves, they can recognise other individuals. It's about visual recognition, but it's also about using language to identify each other.
32:39It's a highly complicated way, a highly effective way of communicating. Those levels of complexity suggest high levels of intelligence.
32:50The biggest brain, the biggest brain, the biggest brain, the biggest brain on the planet is not a human brain. It's a sperm whale.
32:55What do they know? What do they know? What can they do with all that grey matter that is equivalent to ours?
33:07To ours plus. They live in an environment where they use capabilities that we can only dream about.
33:16Using sound to echolocate. We can't do that. I mean, not with what we have built in, with our brains.
33:26Whales and dolphins possess deep intelligence. Their enormous brains have complex capacities to remember, teach, communicate and coordinate over vast distances.
33:49This is what enables their survival in every ocean on Earth. From coral reefs to the polar ice caps.
34:04The connection between intelligence and social cooperation might begin with cetacean's capacity for emotional empathy.
34:19As evidenced by a high concentration of spindle cell neurons in their brains.
34:28In humans, these neurons are responsible for complex skills like language acquisition, memory, social intelligence and compassion.
34:44Orcas are also incredibly powerful.
35:12Orcas are also incredibly inventive hunters.
35:21Constantly adapting to quickly changing circumstances.
35:42While stealing fishermen's catches, they are able to outthink and outmaneuver every method used to try and curtail their feeding.
36:00People often wonder about cetacean intelligence.
36:07If they're so smart, why haven't they built what we've built?
36:13The answer is pretty simple.
36:18Cetaceans don't have hands that would allow them to modify their environment.
36:24They can't write things down. They don't have a library. They just throw away somewhere. But they've got a library in their head.
36:33Heads of experiences that do get transmitted from generation to generation.
36:39Over time, the pod and the broader species develop tools, techniques and social structures that evolve over time.
36:58Each generation builds on the wisdom of their ancestors.
37:09And since cetaceans lack the physical dexterity to modify their external environment, their intelligence is focused inward.
37:21On cooperation, family bonds, and unique strategic friendships.
37:33Orcas can live up to 80 years or more.
37:36And they have these strong family bonds that will remain with them for the whole of their lives.
37:42They actually go through menopause, which is pretty rare in the animal kingdom.
37:47It gives the females an opportunity to pass on the knowledge and the experience that they've acquired over the years.
37:56And pass that on directly through cultural learning to these younger animals.
38:00And that's a really remarkable thing.
38:02That you take a back seat. You don't compete with your offspring.
38:06But you actually take part in learning and nurturing and passing on culture.
38:11What does this mean is that I get here in nature?
38:13narrator
38:25Attula
38:26What does this mean is that this means that this means that this means that this means your offspring is not the case too low in your heaven.
38:30Because our congregation is not the most people of color in colour.
38:32Gentle Martini
38:34O pais��
38:37Battlenose Dolphins
38:38auch mit speziellen Kulturen-Learningen,
38:42wie eine Schäuze, nachdem ich alle Morgen wundern.
38:55Es ist wie eine Unterwatter-Spa,
38:58um sich zu verändern.
39:00Wir analysieren jetzt die substances
39:04von diesen bestimmten Substraten.
39:07Und es sieht aus, dass sie antipackterien und sogar antifungals sind.
39:13Sie wahrscheinlich sind sicherlich von selbstmedicationen,
39:17weil es eine sehr gute Prävention für die Haut-disee ist.
39:26Obviamente, sie benutzen ihre Intelligenz für Problem-Solving.
39:31Viele Verhältnisse in Dolphins reminden uns
39:40unserer humanität zu beurteilen und zu beurteilen.
39:44Möte zeigen besondere Strategien für die Hände,
39:49sogar während sie schlafen.
39:54Dolphins sind nur mit einem Gehirn.
39:57Einer ist awake und der andere ist schlafen.
39:59Und der andere ist schlafen und der andere ist schlafen.
40:03Der schlafen, der öfter ist,
40:05sieht nach dem Kaff.
40:08Also, sie haben eine Verbindung,
40:10während der schlafen.
40:14Das erinnert die Idee,
40:16zu schlafen mit einem öfter Schlafen,
40:19das so kennenzulernen zu Menschen,
40:22die über ein neues Baby sehen.
40:29dass der sie ein neues Baby sehenst.
40:31Und hier in der Zeit ist,
40:32die über ein neues Baby sehenst du in der Öffentlichkeit.
40:32Das ist ein neues Baby.
40:33Das ist ein neues Baby.
40:34Das ist ein neues Baby.
40:35Das ist ein neues Baby.
40:35Ich habe mich fertig,
40:35das ist ein neues Baby.
40:36Aber das ist ein neues Baby.
40:37Es ist ein neues Baby.
40:38Planet Earth is our place in the universe.
41:08Our one and only home.
41:16But humans are not alone here.
41:19And we are not alone in our experiences of love and family.
41:28The Earth is a vast interspecies community with a capacity for intelligent interaction.
41:36When we first meet them, they're so awesome, just their breathing as awesome, just the exhalation
41:54of the breath of a great whale is like nothing else in the world.
41:59Like us, whales and dolphins.
42:06Like us, whales and dolphins in every ocean of the world live long lives rooted in relationships.
42:13and learning alongside their family and friends.
42:20Normally, particularly with primates, with humans.
42:27If you do something for someone, oftentimes there's a reason why you expect some kind of a payback
42:34in the future.
42:35But with cetaceans, so what is the case?
42:37What is the point here?
42:38We know that there are lots of documented cases of humpbacks particularly intervening and protecting
42:44other species, non-cetacean species, non-cetacean species, non-cetacean species, seals and sea lions for example,
42:51from attacks by sharks and sometimes from attacks by sharks and sometimes from attacks by killer whales.
42:58We know that we know that we know that we know that we know that we know that we know that we know that there are lots of documented cases of humpbacks particularly intervening and protecting other species, non-cetacean species, seals and sea lions for example, from attacks by sharks and sometimes from attacks by killer whales.
43:28Our water-bound cousins have always shown us incredible levels of interspecies kindness.
43:39Some fishermen around the world wouldn't possibly fish without the help of their dolphin relatives.
43:58The ties between cetaceans and humans are physical, spiritual, and emotional.
44:28The ocean is a part of us.
44:39Historically, around the world, whales were hunted in small numbers by ancient tribes for food.
44:48But advances in technology led to faster engines and larger boats.
44:54Whaling became a global commercial enterprise that pushed many species to near extinction.
45:05Some will never recover.
45:08Humans turned their fat into oil to provide heat and light for cities around the world.
45:16Collected their ambergris for perfume.
45:21Sold their meat and carved their bones.
45:29In the 20th century alone, nearly three million whales were killed by whalers.
45:36Today, commercial hunting continues in a handful of countries by choice, not necessity.
45:46Those who continue hunting cetaceans have not recognized that the animals they are killing are the most sensitive of all.
46:00The most intelligent of all.
46:04The most intelligent of all.
46:07The most like us.
46:09We're still killing them.
46:15Not so much deliberately today, but inadvertently through all the stuff we put in the ocean.
46:22The nets that entangle them, the noise that we put into the ocean that disrupts their hearing, disrupts their means to communicate.
46:28We can examine, we can excavate, and we can check levels of stress that the animal has been exposed to because of the hormones that are present in the tissue of an earplug from the ear canal of a large boleem whale.
46:51We can see the peak of commercial whaling and how that affected populations of whales.
47:02We can also see the period when the moratorium, the ban effectively on commercial whaling was brought into effect.
47:08And the associated decrease in stress levels.
47:11But actually, since the 1970s and into the 1980s, through to the present day, we're seeing an increase again in the levels of stress hormones, which are being produced by large whales.
47:22Science can now explore more than just their biology.
47:41Science can now explore more than just their biology.
47:47We are gaining a deeper understanding of the critical role that they play in the health of our oceans and our environment.
48:11Wales really are our allies in our battle to mitigate climate change.
48:18Wales also defecate at the surface, and this poo is rich in nutrients, particularly iron and nitrogen, which are essential for phytoplankton growth.
48:26And it's this phytoplankton, acting like trees do on land, that plays a key role in removing carbon from the air, whilst forming the basis of the marine food chain that sustains all ocean life.
48:43Over its lifetime, a whale stimulates the growth of a rain forest of phytoplankton in the ocean, capturing as much carbon dioxide as thousands of trees, even at its death.
48:53The whale can lock carbon at the bottom of the ocean for hundreds of years.
48:57Whales and dolphins have enormous environmental and personal value to humans and the planet.
49:25As well as playing a critical role in our global economy.
49:40Worldwide, whale-related ecotourism generates over 2.5 billion US dollars and supports nearly 20,000 jobs.
49:51But more importantly, these encounters have the power to change people's lives.
49:58What abound did they find?
50:02Like human beings and brothers and sisters?
50:03Bu WWE.
50:12Though, in real Percy' time, Mum's Laura Aaah as well-
50:21Ich habe keine Beleidenschaft, keine Beleidenschaft.
50:51Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
51:21...tenía una enfermedad terminal y su deseo era ver ballenas.
51:26Así que por suerte encontramos un animal juvenil que fue muy sociable.
51:31La ballena sumergía un poco la cabeza, salía, exhalaba en la cara del niño, el niño se reía, totalmente olvidándose de todo su entorno.
51:42Y se hizo una burbuja, como una especie de microclima donde estaban los dos juntos.
51:51La ballena sumergía un poco más fácil, como una especie de microclima.
51:56Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
52:26Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
52:56Admiration and Protection
52:59Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
53:29Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017
53:59In so many ways, cetaceans are just like us
54:15They have a rich family life, complex friendships and form groups for life
54:26They have individual names and speak in unique dialects
54:37They mourn, grieve and suffer as deeply as we do
54:43And what's so amazing is that their capacity for joy, empathy and compassion exceeds even our own
55:01There is an endless amount we can learn from them
55:14All we need to do is open our minds to the fact that we share this planet
55:24With a species that is in many ways more evolved than us
55:34Yeah, yeah
55:48Yeah, yeah
55:51Yeah, yeah
55:55Yeah, yeah
55:59Yeah, yeah
56:11Yeah, yeah
56:16Yeah, yeah
56:29Yeah, yeah
56:33Yeah, yeah, yeah
56:34Yeah, yeah, yeah
56:46Yeah, yeah
56:47Yeah, yeah
56:49Yeah, yeah
56:51Yeah, yeah
57:03Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
57:33Untertitelung des ZDF, 2020
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