- yesterday
The documentary L. E. Hudec tells the life story of this European architect. As well as offering a fresh perspective on how people from diverse ethnic groups and cultures in Shanghai bridged the gaps between them, achieved mutual success, and created iconic works using new technologies during the interwar period, it also conveys an enduring message: "Civilizations thrive and become richer through exchange and mutual learning. "
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LifestyleTranscript
00:00Transcribed by —
00:30It's May 23rd, 2023, and the Chinese ambassador's residence in Slovakia is a hive of activity.
00:47Over 100 guests, including a former Slovak prime minister and several Slovak consuls general in
00:54Shanghai, all gathered here for a very special event, the launch ceremony for a Chinese documentary
01:01film cruise shoot in Europe.
01:19A century ago, this European architect built over 100 buildings in Shanghai.
01:24Including the Far East's best cinema, tallest building, and most luxurious residence of the time.
01:33Today, 35 of these structures are recognized as Shanghai's outstanding historical buildings.
01:41However, the name associated with these renowned works, Laszlo Hudek, was not his original name.
01:54The Slovak National Archives still holds Hudek's birth records.
02:14And this is the first name of the world.
02:20These are the names of his parents.
02:23And he is the name of the name of the people.
02:25How are these names?
02:26The name of the people?
02:28Yes, the name of Vladislav Eduard.
02:30The name of the people.
02:30And the last column.
02:34They are the first parents.
02:36Despite the going down in history as Laszlo Hudek, his birth records list him under the name
02:50László Ida Hugieć.
02:55Because then Slovensko was a part of the Uhorian,
03:00Magyarsk.
03:01Magyarsko was called the Uhorian kingdom.
03:06And we all had to go to Magyarsk.
03:09Schools were only Magyarsk.
03:12The letters were only in Magyarsk.
03:16Hudeck's ancestors were locally significant mill owners and pastors.
03:23But during Hudeck's father's time, things began to change.
03:27Leveraging the family's accumulated wealth,
03:30the Hudecks decided to take advantage of rapid urbanization
03:34by relocating to the city
03:36and getting involved in the construction industry.
03:39So it was that Hudeck's father's company became responsible
03:43for the construction of many public buildings
03:46put up towards the end of the 19th century
03:50and the early years of the 20th century.
03:53He was not born in Banske Bystrich,
03:56but he was placed here because there were good requirements
03:58for his artistic ability,
04:01which he taught also Vladislav as a boy,
04:05to learn the professions you need in the buildings.
04:10So he had expectations for a professional growth.
04:16Yeeva is a scholar who is researching local history in Banske.
04:21In the center of architect L.E. Hudeck that she frequents,
04:25there stands a bronze sculpture depicting Hudeck and his father,
04:28Georgi Hugiec.
04:30This building was also constructed by Hudeck's father's company in 1903.
04:42Tracing the footsteps of Hudeck and his father
04:45not only helps uncover fragments of local architectural history,
04:50but also provides Eva with a way of getting a glimpse into her own father's early life.
05:03A hundred years ago, this was an emerging city.
05:08A popular choice for local high school graduates
05:10was to study in the nearby city of Budapest,
05:13where Yeeva's father and Hudeck were among those who went to study
05:17at the Royal Joseph Polytechnic University in the same year.
05:29For Hudeck, 1906 must have been a memorable year.
05:33With the birth of three younger sisters, the family,
05:39which had previously lacked a permanent residence,
05:42finally had a house of their own, built by his father's company.
05:46In the end, when this street was opened,
05:57they set up a lot of beautiful buildings,
05:59and I'll tell you where he went to school,
06:02whether he was closer or further,
06:04so he also has the most memories of this house.
06:10Hudeck was just 13 years old when they moved into the new house.
06:14It also marked the year when he received his first commission
06:18in the construction business, independently negotiating stone orders
06:23for his father from a quarry.
06:26Ever since his ninth year,
06:27he'd been working on his father's construction sites.
06:30It was a very important part of his work in Shanghai,
06:37because he was able to control the whole building
06:41and the process of the building,
06:42and the workers and workers who participated in it.
06:46It was a surprise to him.
06:53But Hudeck's father didn't just nurture the young Hudeck's architectural skills
06:58from a practical point of view.
07:00He also exercised a profound influence on his cultural and artistic development.
07:07Budapest was the starting point for Hudeck's father's career.
07:12The company he worked for in his early years was headquartered here,
07:15and it was also the contractor for the city's Millennium Underground Railway.
07:20Opening in 1896, this is the oldest subway line on the Eurasian continent.
07:27The city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city of the city.
07:30Akkor épült ki tulajdonképpen a főváros mai szerkezete,
07:34a nagykörút, a meghatározó nagy középületek,
07:39az operaház, a parlament épülete,
07:42akkor alakították át és bővítették a budai várat,
07:46tehát egy nagyon prosperáló, nagyon dinamikusan fejlődő világváros volt a 19. század végén,
07:53a 20. század leges-legelején Budapest.
07:57Kapitályan Budapest
08:08After settling in Banska Bistrica,
08:11Hudak's father continued to take his children on annual trips to cities like Budapest and Vienna,
08:17cultivating Hudak's interests in travel, art, and theology.
08:22The young Hudek had once aspired to become a pastor,
08:26but his father's wish for him to carry on the family business
08:29meant that he had to choose a different educational path.
08:33So it was that in 1910, the 17-year-old Hudek
08:37began studying architecture in Budapest.
08:43The origins of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics
08:47can be traced back to 1782,
08:49making it the oldest institution dedicated to technical higher education in Europe.
08:56In the university's archives,
08:58one can still find Hudek's academic records from his college years.
09:03Those times, one year, graduated maximum 20 students,
09:09only really the best.
09:11Perhaps unsurprisingly, given that he's grown up
09:14working on construction sites alongside his father,
09:17Hudek developed an excellent grasp of the relationship
09:20between architectural design and practical functionality at an early age.
09:25Therefore, at school,
09:27he would harshly criticize classmates' designs as impractical,
09:31pragmatically pointing out, for example,
09:33that their roof designs would collect rainwater.
09:36The chapel of Virgin Mary's house is a very important thing.
10:06the Queen was designed by Hudek during his third year at university for his
10:11father's construction company. Hudek used locally sourced rhyolite as the
10:16primary building material for this chapel. This allowed him to achieve an
10:21organic fusion of human culture and the natural landscape. For a time it was
10:28thought to be the only building he designed in Europe. In 2023 investigators
10:35concluded that a mint half an hour's drive from the chapel was a Hudek design
10:40from the same period. As a student Hudek could not have foreseen the enormous
10:46upheavals that Europe was about to undergo.
10:56In July 1914 World War One broke out. Hudek who was in Italy celebrating his
11:04graduation was forced to cut short his trip and return home to Banska Bystryka.
11:08If he hadn't been arrested, he would have been sent to the prison and maybe
11:16he would have done it. Every healthy man had to be sent to the army.
11:23This photograph taken on January 26th 1915 shows Hudek and his comrades just before they were sent to the front lines.
11:31passionate about archaeology since childhood, Hudek meticulously numbered the young men in the photo and recorded their names on the back.
11:38They were also with a brother or with a friend.
11:45They were also with a friend with a friend, a architect.
11:48So they were sent to them only by accident.
11:52And of course they were sent to them gradually.
11:53Because everyone thought that the war would quickly end.
11:56But since it took 4 years, they had to take 2 years to continue.
11:59Unfortunately it took 4 years.
12:01It took 4 years.
12:04for four years.
12:14Today the National Archives of Hungary retain a significant number of documents
12:19and records related to Hudek, some of which had been personally copied out by Hudek himself.
12:27Among them is a memoir written by Hudek in 1941, in which he describes his experiences
12:33during World War I.
12:37My main duty was to provide professional advice for constructing concrete columns to support
12:43machine guns and searchlights.
12:46As an architect, I could also draw maps quickly.
12:54My grandfather was a lieutenant in the Austro-Hungarian army, in the Hungarian portion of the army,
13:01and during his service he was acknowledged for some acts of bravery with two medals.
13:08This is the first medal, it's referred to as the second class of the bravery.
13:13And then he did another act of even greater bravery, and then he received the bravery award
13:19for first class.
13:20Hudek's medal for bravery first class was earned during a rescue mission.
13:26A company of soldiers had found themselves trapped in enemy crossfire in a valley.
13:32Making use of the knowledge of terrain he'd gained from building military fortifications
13:36and trenches, Hudek successfully led his comrades out of harm's way.
13:41However, eight months later, he found himself captured.
13:46In a letter sent from the prisoner of war camp at the end of 1917, Hudek detailed the three
13:53fractures in his right leg.
13:56By this time, he had spent a year and a half in captivity.
14:01During this period, he was transferred multiple times from Western Russia in the European part
14:07to the eastern regions of Siberia.
14:16While Hudek was detained in a prisoner of war camp in northern Khabarovsk,
14:20World War I entered its third year.
14:23By this point, all the contending parties to the war were feeling the strain.
14:29When the war was inflicted by shortages, hunger and the Spanish flu, not to mention the burden
14:33of supporting a large number of disabled veterans, war weariness was setting in everywhere.
14:39In Russia, where Hudek was held, events were to take an even more dramatic turn.
14:45When a revolution broke out, forcing the abdication of the Tsar abdicated.
14:50When the new government signed a ceasefire agreement, it became possible to repatriate some prisoners
14:56of war.
14:57Hudek became one of those repatriated.
15:01In May 1918, Hudek boarded a Danish Red Cross repatriation train, aiming to return to Europe
15:08from Siberia.
15:09The journey was arduous, and the train came to a halt in Kyloch, dashing his hopes of getting
15:15home.
15:16So during this period of wait, Laszlo Hudek managed to work a little bit for the company
15:22that managed the railways.
15:23He got some money.
15:25He got some little bit of wage in that time.
15:28And it seems that with this money, he was able to buy a fake Russian passport.
15:37So he used this fake Russian passport to travel to the city of Harbin.
15:43At that time, he was under Russian control for some reason.
15:47He got a special permit to travel to Shanghai in order to have his leg healed and proper medical treatment.
16:04and proper medical treatment.
16:07He was also on his big side.
16:10He was a great man.
16:11He was a big brother, and he was in the city of Harbin.
16:13He was a gay man.
16:14He was a big brother.
16:15He was a big brother.
16:16These pictures are the historical pictures of the outside.
16:22This is the whole building of the outside.
16:27From the 1910 to 1932,
16:31all of these buildings were formed.
16:34In the fall of 1918,
16:39limping on one leg
16:44and carrying a Russian passport,
16:47Hudek arrived in Shanghai by ship.
16:49What greeted him was a stunning view,
16:52the burned in all its glory.
16:59Hudek's Russian passport was a temporary pass valid for only three months.
17:04His first task in Shanghai was to visit the Russian consulate to renew it.
17:09During this process,
17:11the Russian vice consul changed the spelling of Hudek's name from Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet commonly used in Europe.
17:20The spelling of my name reverted to my grandfather's Hudek instead of my father's Hugyech.
17:27It was an interesting twist of fate.
17:32This copy of Hudek's passport, preserved in the National Archives of Hungary,
17:37marks the first instance in which Hudek was used as his surname.
17:42Later, he adopted the Chinese translation of Hudek as his Chinese name in Shanghai.
17:48To this day, his descendants continue to use Hudek as the family surname.
17:57But Hudek had no intention of settling down in Shanghai.
18:01Renting a tiny apartment,
18:03his first priority was to find a job as a draftsman
18:07so as to save enough money for a ticket back home.
18:12Homesick, Hudek wrote letters to his family almost daily,
18:16updating them on his life in Shanghai.
18:19And then, she made a lot of things like that.
18:22She wrote about it and wrote about it all the time.
18:25She wrote about it and wrote about it,
18:27about what they're going to do,
18:31how it's ready to go, how it's ready to go,
18:34how much time it's ready to go.
18:36And it's a lot of pain.
18:38Do Hai Jun, spending his days gathering source materials on the streets
19:08of Shanghai gradually became fascinated by the city's great variety of old buildings.
19:31The mirror images of Shanghai's urban landscape have always been a central theme in Do Hai Jun's
19:37paintings, with Hudek's architecture naturally becoming a favorite subject.
19:44To better understand the architect and his work, he even visited Hudek's hometown twice
19:49in search of inspiration.
19:52As Hudek's architectural works gradually gained popularity in Shanghai, the Slovak government
19:58was also looking for suitable themes for the Slovakia pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo.
20:04And then in 2010, when the World Expo Shanghai was a World Expo exhibition, and I was responsible
20:11for the Slovak pavilion.
20:12I was a general commissioner there.
20:13And he was the relationship between Shanghai and Slovakia.
20:15Hudek's first job was as a draftsman at R.A.
20:19Curry Architect.
20:20His boss, Roland Curry, was a Cornell University graduate and the first American to establish an architectural
20:27firm in Shanghai.
20:29Since Shanghai opened as a treaty port in 1843, the British and Americans jointly established
20:32the Shanghai International Settlement, the Shanghai International Settlement, forming the basic layout of three
20:39concessions and four divisions.
20:41After World War I, Shanghai, being far from the main European battlefields, attracted a significant
20:47influx of international talent and capital, leading to a period of rapid development, leading
20:57to a period of rapid development.
21:00The architectural firm of Roland Curry undoubtedly benefited from this boom, constructing various buildings
21:16for the rapidly expanding city.
21:19As I said, he was familiar with the United States.
21:24At that time, Shanghai was a traditional modern modernist culture.
21:28At that time, I went to Hudak, and I used to use Hudak.
21:36Building private residences for European clients in the French concession was a significant
21:41part of Hudek's early work.
21:45One example is the residence Hudak designed for the foreign executive Katz, later acquired
21:51by the wealthy Hong Kong tycoon Ho Tung.
21:55The facade features ionic columns.
21:58The interior boasts black and white marble floors, patterned wallpaper, and fireplaces in
22:04various styles in the main rooms.
22:07Most of these clients preferred classic styles.
22:12Compared to Curry, who came from the US, Hudak, being from Europe, clearly understood the client's
22:18preferences better.
22:25From Hudak's surviving photo albums, we can see that he was very busy in his early career,
22:31often shuttling between different construction sites to supervise progress.
22:37Houdak also had many criticisms of his boss, Curry.
22:55He described their working relationship to his father in a letter.
22:59He is indeed an excellent foreman and businessman, but his company needs an architect.
23:07I possess both of these skills, so he consults me on every detail.
23:12Another project that Hudak detailed in his letters to his father is the batch of American-style residences on today's Julu Road, his first project completed in Shanghai.
23:31Over 90 years ago, these American-style residences located in the French concession were highly sought after, with several American companies leasing them as employee dormitories.
23:43Located at number 150 Fenyang Road, this building serves as the office and rehearsal space for the Shanghai Huju Opera Theatre.
24:02Originally owned by Bai Chongxi, whose son Bai Xiangyong once resided while recuperating, the estate is also known by another widely recognized name, the Bai Mansion.
24:17In fact, this residence was designed and built by Hudak in 1919 for a member of the French concession's municipal council, Jean Boudin.
24:27Hudak also wrote to his father about the building, confidently predicting it would serve as an excellent advertisement for his talents.
24:36He was a former company of the French concession.
24:41His name, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office, his office.
24:48He was a small government.
24:50He had done a job with the concession.
24:52He had done a job with the concession.
24:53That's not a good show.
24:55The success of Hudak's career greatly improved his living conditions.
25:01However, the high intensity work left him feeling exhausted, with the result that his creativity seemed to tail off.
25:10For that reason, Hudak began to describe his design process as living off past achievements.
25:17Hudak desperately needed his father's feedback on his work, but his father was too busy to respond.
25:29Despite criticizing his boss, Curry's lack of design knowledge in his letters home, in February 1921, Hudak, still under 30, accepted Curry's proposal for a partnership.
25:45Hudak, still under 30, accepted Curry's proposal for a partnership.
25:49Meanwhile, he received a telegram from his hometown that had been delayed by two and a half months.
25:57Oh, here it is.
25:59Oh, it's hard.
26:01Come, help me.
26:03Oh, this is...
26:05Oh, this is a long time when he died.
26:06Oh, this is a long time, that's how he died.
26:07Oh, she died.
26:09This is the death of my father, we know that he died on December 18th and he was buried on December 20th.
26:23It's a good and nice name, Juraj. He had 62 years.
26:29It's written on a water body, but when it went through the heart, it could be that he had it.
26:36When Hudek finally made his way back to his hometown, it was already May 1921.
26:44Meanwhile, his father's company had gone bankrupt due to a lawsuit stemming from an accident at a school built by the company.
26:53As the eldest son, Hudek not only had to face the grief of his father's death, but also shoulder the burden of the substantial debt he'd left behind.
27:04Until then, his father, his body, his body, his body and everything were closed.
27:16But Tuna already knew that his son has an architect in China, so they wanted to pay for that son.
27:29To handle the lawsuit, Hudek's family hired three lawyers, while Hudek returned to Shanghai burdened with debt.
27:43At that time, Shanghai was on the brink of an unprecedented period of development.
27:49Would the partnership agreement with R.A. Curry architect bring him more opportunities?
27:55The failure of his father's last project might have served as a warning to Hudek, transforming him from a confident young man into a more cautious and prudent architect.
28:07What architectural marvels would he create for Shanghai in the next 26 years?
28:14SHAMMAD HUSOR
28:22SHAMMAD HUSOR
28:28VINITS
28:31I love you.
29:01起来的花我期待的
29:06那么我应该选择谁呢
29:11起来的花我期待的
29:15你是我的我是你的
29:20起来的花我期待的
29:24起来的花
29:27起来的花
29:29起来的花我期待的
29:33起来的花
29:36起来的花
29:38起来的花
29:40起来的
29:59你说要 darauf
30:02起来的花
30:04起来的花
30:04起来的花
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