Who is Golda Meir and what were his achievements from the beginning until her death part 1

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00:01Who is Golda Mare and what were his achievements from the beginning until her death?

00:05Part 1. Golda Mare, the Iron Lady of Israel, a remarkable life.

00:09Today, we're diving into the extraordinary life of a woman who left an indelible mark on history.

00:14Golda Mare, often referred to as the Iron Lady of Israel, will explore her early life,

00:19her role in the founding of Israel, and her impact for years as Israel's prime minister.

00:23Golda Mare was born on May 3, 1898, in Kiev, Ukraine, which was part of the Russian Empire

00:29at the time. Her birth name was Golda Mabovich. Her family immigrated to the United States,

00:34and she grew up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Golda was exposed to a strong sense of community

00:39and the values that would shape her future political career.

00:42As a young woman, Golda became involved in Zionist activities, advocating for a Jewish

00:47homeland in Palestine. She married Morris Mayerson and moved to Palestine in 1921,

00:52where they helped establish a kibbutz, a collective community. Golda's political career took off during

00:57the tumultuous times leading up to the founding of Israel in 1948. She played a vital role in

01:02diplomacy and fundraising, even meeting with U.S. President Truman to secure support for the

01:08newly proposed state. On May 14, 1948, David Ben-Gurion declared the establishment of the

01:14State of Israel. Golda Mare was one of the signatories of Israel's Declaration of Independence.

01:19Golda Mare's most significant impact came when she became Israel's fourth prime minister in 1969,

01:24making her the world's third female head of government. During her tenure, she navigated

01:29through challenging times, such as the Munich Olympics massacre and the Yom Kippur War.

01:33Her leadership was marked by a no-nonsense approach, earning her the nickname, the Iron Lady.

01:38Golda Mare retired from politics in 1974 and passed away in 1978. Her legacy endures as an iconic

01:45figure in Israeli history, and she remains an inspiration for women and leadership around the

01:50world. Golda Mare's life is a testament to the power of determination and leadership.

01:54She rose from humble beginnings to shape the history of a nation and inspire generations to come.

01:59Now let's start talking in a little detail.

02:02Golda Mare from 3 May 1898

02:04The 8th of December 1978 was an Israeli politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Israel

02:10from 1969 to 1974. She was Israel's first and only female head of government, the first female head

02:17of government in the Middle East, and the fourth elected female head of government or state in the

02:21world. Born in Kiev in the Russian Empire to Jewish parents, Mare immigrated as a child with her family

02:27to the United States in 1906. She graduated from the Milwaukee State Normal School and found work as a

02:32teacher. While in Milwaukee, she embraced the labor Zionist movement. In 1921, Mare and her husband

02:38emigrated to mandatory Palestine, settling in Merhavia, later becoming the kibbutz's representative

02:43to the Histadra. In 1934, she was elevated to the Executive Committee of the Trade Union.

02:49Mare held several key roles in the Jewish agency during and after World War II.

02:53She was a signatory of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948.

02:58Mare was elected to the Neset in 1949 and served as labor minister until 1956,

03:03when she was appointed foreign minister by Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion.

03:07She retired from the ministry in 1966 due to ill health.

03:10In 1969, Mare assumed the role of prime minister following the death of Levi Eshkol.

03:16Early in her tenure, she made multiple diplomatic visits to Western leaders to promote her vision

03:20of peace in the region. The outbreak of the Yom Kippur War in 1973 caught Israel off guard

03:26and inflicted severe early losses on the army. The resulting public anger damaged Mare's reputation

03:31and led to an inquiry into the failings. Her alignment coalition was denied a majority in

03:35the subsequent legislative election. She resigned the following year and was succeeded as prime minister

03:40by Yitzhak Rabin. Mare died in 1978 of lymphoma and was buried on Mount Herzl.

03:45Her birth name was Golda Mabovich Ukrainian. She was born in Kiev in the former Russian Empire

03:50today Ukraine, and her parents were Blumnetich and Mosh Mabovich, a carpenter.

03:55The family moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in the United States.

03:58Her father found a job as a carpenter, and her mother ran a grocery store.

04:03At the age of 8, she was already put in charge of watching the store when her mother went to the

04:07market for supplies. When she was 14 years old, Golda went to North Division High School and worked

04:12part-time. Her mother wanted her to leave school and marry, but she did not. She ran away from home

04:17and bought a train ticket to Denver, Colorado, and went to live with her married sister, Shana

04:22Korngold. The Korngolds held evening meetings at their home where Mare learned about the Jews' desire

04:26for a country of their own, literature, women's rights, trade unions and more. In Denver, she also met

04:32Morris Mayerson, a signed painter, whom she married when she was 19. The two biggest things to happen

04:37during her time as prime minister were the murder of 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympic

04:43Games by the terrorist group Black September, and the 20-day war called the Yom Kippur War between

04:48Israel and the Arab states led by Egypt and Syria in October 1973. The Yom Kippur War was from October 6

04:54to October 26, 1973 and was between a group of Arab countries led by Syria and Egypt against Israel.

05:00Israel was surprised by the attack and after the Yom Kippur War, the government was asked

05:05questions about Israel's not being ready for the war. A group of people who were asked to look into

05:10the war decided that it was not Mare's fault. Her political party won the elections in December

05:151973, but Mare stopped being prime minister on April 11, 1974, because she felt that was what the

05:21people of Israel wanted. Yitzhak Rabin became prime minister after her on June 3, 1974.

05:27In 1975, Mare was awarded the Israel Prize for her services to the State of Israel.

05:32On December 8, 1978, Golda Mare died of cancer in Jerusalem at the age of 80.

05:38She was buried Helket Jidolai Huma in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem on December 12, 1978.

05:44Until next time, stay curious, stay informed, and keep exploring the world's incredible stories.

05:49I stop at this point today. Soon we will publish.

05:52Part 2. Thank you for watching. I hope I added something to you.

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