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00:00Die Festivität der Nr. de Guadalupe
00:30Die Festivität der Nr. de Guadalupe
01:00Die Festivität der Nr. de Guadalupe
01:02Nearly five centuries have passed, yet this event endures in the hearts of millions, transcending divisions and uniting cultures with its timeless message.
01:14Its legacy, an ancient fabric miraculously intact, an image that defies scientific explanation, an intricate set of symbols that would bridge two worlds and countless cultures, and the transformation of a continent.
01:36This is the story of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
01:42Our Lady of Guadalupe
01:44Our Lady of Guadalupe
01:48Our Lady of Guadalupe
01:54Our Lady of Guadalupe
01:58ein
02:01der
02:10an
02:12wenn
02:12pope john paul ii
02:14arrived at mexico city for the canonization of saint juan diego in
02:18july of two thousand two millions of mexican catholics turned out
02:24they lined the streets in filled the plazus
02:28Sie kamen zusammen, um zu feiern, den ersten Sain des Indigenes des Westen,
02:33und die Frau, deren Bildung hat sich verändert.
02:58Ich glaube, dass es wichtig für unser Kontinente zu sehen,
03:05dass die Kirche sich in diesem Kontinente aus einem lauten.
03:17San Juan Diego ist für alle Mexikaner ein Modelo zu sehen.
03:21Er ist einer von uns, er ist ein Mexikaner mehr,
03:24ein wahrer Mensch, ein Mensch, ein Mensch, ein Mensch,
03:26ein Mensch, ein Mensch, ein Mensch, ein Mensch,
03:30ein Mensch, ein Mensch, ein Mensch,
03:32umto Design.
03:33Ein Mensch, der auch immer zu sein, um trail zu be toppeln von sich.
03:39Die Canonation des St. Juan Diego ist sehr significant,
03:43weil, wenn die Pferde der��ain Ghon
03:55der gesamten Prozess der Leben von Juan Diego
04:00muss man verabschiedet und authentisch
04:04die Apparition von Our Lady of Guadalupe.
04:06Das ist eine Art Art, in der seine Kanonisierung ist sehr wichtig.
04:25When the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés landed in Mexico in 1519,
04:30he encountered a thriving Aztec Empire
04:32that extended throughout Mexico's Central Plateau.
04:35According to an indigenous legend,
04:38the Aztec god Huitzilopochtli delivered a sign
04:41indicating where they should build their city,
04:44at the site where an eagle perched on a cactus
04:46was seen devouring a snake.
04:48In 1324, the Aztecs founded a city named Tenochtitlan,
04:56which for them was the center of the universe,
04:59the place where the cycle of the universe
05:01was sustained by human sacrifices.
05:05Hernán Cortés formed a military alliance
05:08with native tribes opposed to the Aztecs.
05:11Amazingly, in just two short years,
05:14he succeeded in conquering the Aztec Empire.
05:17The Spaniards began constructing a new capital
05:22using materials from the recently destroyed Tenochtitlan,
05:25or present-day Mexico City.
05:27During the first stage of evangelization,
05:30a few missionaries attempted to convert
05:32the indigenous people.
05:34However, the task would prove to be
05:36a very arduous undertaking.
05:40And there, the frayers say to the Indians,
05:44we believe that you do not know the true God.
05:49So, one of the wise people
05:51wakes up and says,
05:53do not harm our people,
05:56because if, as you say,
05:58that our gods have died,
06:00perhaps we should die.
06:03to understand the dramatic impact
06:08that our Lady of Guadalupe has on the native population,
06:11you really have to put yourself in the position
06:13of these people at the collapse of the Aztec Empire
06:17and what their understanding of religion really was.
06:20We have to remember the horrific face of the Aztec deities
06:26that were there to receive the human sacrifices.
06:30We have to understand the history of the flower wars,
06:33in which battles were waged in order to obtain prisoners
06:37for sacrifice.
06:39So now, what were the native peoples expecting
06:42the God of the Spaniards to be like,
06:45the victors to be like?
06:49For the indigenous,
06:50to see their temples destroyed,
06:52their idols,
06:53it was a colossal catastrophe for the indigenous people.
06:57But they had never seen,
06:59never experienced a pest like the one
07:02that happened a little after the conquest.
07:05the majority of indigenous people died by the virus.
07:09The indigenous people were truly in a catastrophe
07:12that the old people,
07:15the wise people,
07:17had said that the world was going to end.
07:23Bishop Juan de Zumarraga was known as protector of the Indians.
07:27He bears the responsibility of defending the natives
07:30from cruel abuses carried out by the new Spanish government,
07:33including their widespread enslavement and murder.
07:36His courageous stand leads to at least one assassination attempt
07:40by corrupt members of the First Audiencia,
07:42or royal court in New Spain.
07:44Bishop Zumarraga,
07:46infuriated by the continued abuses
07:48and facing numerous threats against the lives of his fellow priests,
07:51decides upon drastic measures.
07:53In 1530,
07:55he excommunicates the members of the First Audiencia
07:58and abandons Mexico City.
08:00He said in this way,
08:02sacerdotes of the City of Mexico,
08:03desnude in the altars,
08:05consume the Holy Spirit,
08:07we leave this City of Mexico,
08:09we leave this City of Mexico,
08:10we leave this city without God.
08:12All the priests of the City of Mexico
08:15had to abandon the city
08:17and go to Texcoco.
08:19Esta es la situación por la cual se estaba viviendo
08:22y era verdaderamente terrible y escalofriante.
08:26Sumarraga wrote a letter to Emperor Charles V,
08:30detailing the many abuses carried out against the native people.
08:34Ya que terminando la carta,
08:36ahí mismo escribe Fray Juan de Sumarraga.
08:39Si Dios no provee con remedio de su mano,
08:42está la tierra en punto de perderse totalmente.
08:45Así que,
08:46mientras los indígenas y para los indígenas
08:49el mundo se va a acabar,
08:51para los españoles buenos como eran los misioneros,
08:54también.
08:55The story of what happens next
08:58is passed down through the centuries
09:00by the humble man
09:01who experienced this event
09:03and who shared his encounter widely.
09:05Eventually,
09:06his testimony is captured
09:08in an ancient text
09:09known as the Nikan Mopoa,
09:11written in the 16th century
09:13by the Indian scholar Antonio Valeriano.
09:17Well, Nikan Mopoa significa...
09:22Nikan, aquí en Mopoa,
09:24se narra, se cuenta.
09:26Es una frase muy frecuente en textos antiguos.
09:31Puedo decir,
09:32después de 60 años de estudiar la lengua náhuatl,
09:36que está en un náhuatl clásico.
09:39El que escribió eso,
09:40conocía muy bien la lengua.
09:42Y más aún,
09:43puedo decir que es una obra poética muy bella.
09:48The Nikan Mopoa recounts the story of Juan Diego,
09:51a Catholic convert and widower.
09:54His Indian name was Cuatlatuacin,
09:57meaning eagle who speaks divine things.
10:00Some skeptics have cast doubt
10:02on Juan Diego's historical existence,
10:04a claim denied by Miguel León Portilla,
10:07a premier authority on Aztec language and culture.
10:12Cuando lo canonizó el Papa Juan Pablo II,
10:16Sie sagten, dass es nicht so, dass Juan Diego existiert.
10:21Ich glaube, dass es so, dass es so.
10:23Er hat sich eine Beobachtung gemacht.
10:25Es hat sich in den 17.
10:27Und da waren viele Menschen, dass er seine Frau auch kennt.
10:33Und deshalb, mir ist es, dass Juan Diego existiert.
10:38Das ist ein extrem.
10:40In den apparitions in Mexiko der Frau Guadalupe,
10:44wie viele andere apparitions in der Welt,
10:46oftmals die Frau der Frau will appear
10:48zu sehr humble Menschen.
10:50Und in diesem Fall, für den Indian Juan Diego,
10:53ein humble man, ein sehr einfaches Mann,
10:56von einfachen Faith,
10:57weil die Menschen, wie Kinder,
11:00und die sind offen zu Gott,
11:02können diese Message zu bekommen.
11:05On December 9, 1531,
11:08Juan Diego walks along the western side
11:10von Tepeyac Hill,
11:12auf dem Weg zum Catechismus,
11:14in einer Francis-Kinn-Mission,
11:15nur in der Mitte der Stadt Mexiko.
11:17Ese sábado, 13 Caña,
11:23a punto de celebrarse el solsticio de invierno,
11:27él ahí ve la transformación de todo este cerro del Tepeyac,
11:32que de por sí era un cerro pedregoso, polvoso, salitroso,
11:37signo de muerte donde no crecía la vida,
11:40ahora está lleno de la vida divina,
11:43y dentro de todo esto se hace el silencio.
11:48Se hace el silencio para escuchar
11:50lo primero que sale de la boca de la Virgen Santísima.
11:55Lo primero que sale, lo primero que dice la Virgen de Guadalupe,
11:59es el nombre del laico indígena,
12:02más igual.
12:04Juanito, Juan Diego Tzin.
12:07Juanito, Juan Dieguito.
12:10According to the account in the Nekan Mapoa,
12:13the woman identifies herself as the mother of the true God
12:17and asks that a sacred house be constructed in her honor on Tepeyac Hill.
12:22She asks Juan Diego to bring this message to Bishop Zumaraga.
12:26Pues bien, Juan Diego va con el obispo
12:29para pedir que se pudiera construir esta casita sagrada.
12:33Cuando llega el obispo,
12:35son los criados los que lo dejan afuera horas,
12:38hasta que por fin puede llegar ante el obispo,
12:42le dice todo lo que,
12:44y obviamente el obispo en ese momento en su responsabilidad apostólica,
12:48pues no podía simplemente dar crédito a una persona que llegara
12:52y simplemente le dijera que vio a la Virgen
12:55y que está hablando con ella.
13:09Juan Diego returns to Tepeyac Hill empty-handed.
13:13The woman asks him to return to Bishop Zumaraga
13:17with the same message.
13:19He obeys,
13:20and this time the bishop asks for a sign.
13:25Juan Diego está allá con la Virgen,
13:27le dice que lo recibió el obispo
13:29y que necesita una señal.
13:32La Virgen le dice,
13:33ven mañana lunes y yo te doy la señal.
13:38On Monday, Juan Diego fails to show up.
13:42His uncle Bernardino is gravely ill, facing death.
13:46He asks Juan Diego to find a priest to administer last rites.
13:52On December 12, 1531,
13:55Juan Diego sets out towards Telatelolco
13:58to find a priest for his uncle.
14:00El 12 de diciembre, Juan Diego sabe,
14:04capta que hace muchísimo frío,
14:06el abba toma una tilma,
14:08una tilma que se anuda el cuello
14:10y se envuelve el cuerpo con ello.
14:13Por eso es larga,
14:14porque tiene que envolverse con la tilma.
14:17In a hurry, Juan Diego tries to avoid meeting the Virgin.
14:22He goes around Tepeyac Hill,
14:25but the woman comes down from the top of the hill
14:27and cuts him off.
14:29Juan Diego explains why he's in a hurry,
14:32but the woman tells him to have no more fear,
14:35that she holds him in the fold of her mantle
14:37and in the cradle of her arms
14:39and she assures him that his uncle is well.
14:43The Virgin of Guadalupe,
14:48when he tells Juan Diego
14:50that his uncle has healed,
14:52at that same time,
14:54she appears in Tulpetlac,
14:56in the house of Juan Diego
14:57where he is placed
14:59by Juan Bernardino,
15:01is there where she gives
15:04her complete name.
15:06Juan Bernardino says,
15:08I am the perfect virgin,
15:12Santa Maria de Guadalupe.
15:22Juan Diego asks her to honor him
15:24by letting him be her messenger.
15:26Our Lady of Guadalupe now instructs him
15:29to climb to the top of Tepeyac Hill
15:31and gather up in his tilma
15:33all the flowers he finds.
15:35Upon reaching the summit,
15:37Juan Diego is amazed to find
15:39extraordinary flowers in full bloom.
15:41These flowers would be the sign for the bishop.
15:48He comes to the house of Fray Juan de Sumarga.
15:52Juan Diego explains to him
15:54all that happened,
15:55all that happened,
15:57all that happened,
15:58and gives him the flowers, the flowers.
16:00He comes to the house of Fray Juan de Sumarga.
16:06He goes to the house of Fray Juan de Sumarga.
16:07Juan Diego explains all that happened,
16:09all that happened,
16:10all that happened,
16:11all that happened,
16:12and gives him the flowers,
16:14the flowers,
16:15make me a favor of receive them,
16:16he says Juan Diego.
16:17And in that moment,
16:19in front of the bishop,
16:21se plasma la imagen de la Virgen de Guadalupe
16:24en la tilma de Juan Diego.
16:26This remarkable image,
16:38inexplicable in its style,
16:40luminous colors and imagery,
16:43would change the course of history
16:45for the entire continent.
16:47Today, that sacred house,
17:03asked for by the Virgin,
17:05Die Kirche von der Heiligen Kirche ist nun die Basalika unserer Lady of Guadalupe,
17:20der größte Katolik-Katholik-Katholik in der Welt.
17:24Jedes Jahr, Millionen von Pilgrims kommen, um ihre Faith und die Miraculous-Image unserer Lady of Guadalupe.
17:35Die Kirche von der Heiligen Kirche ist nun die Basalika unserer Lady of Guadalupe.
17:42Ich glaube, dass die Menschen eine große Satisfahrung finden,
17:47weil sie nicht die Maria de Guadalupe finden,
17:52sondern sie selbst hat sich in dieser Bildung.
18:05Die Kirche von der Heiligen Kirche von Guadalupe
18:12Die Schrein der Our Lady of Guadalupe ist eine source von Inspiration für die Faithful.
18:17Sie kommen hier zu finden die Komfort ihrer Mutter und zu betrachten für ihre Intercession.
18:24A lot of the pilgrimages that I've done, a lot of the people are from the United States.
18:30They don't have any Latino heritage or anything, but they've always wanted to go.
18:35And the blessings that they receive, I've seen people start to pray the rosary again.
18:41People have gone to confession for the first time in many years when they've gone to the shrine.
18:45Spiritual direction, the healing of marriages, reconciliations between family members and so forth.
18:51It's really a tremendous blessing that takes place there.
18:54And I think that Our Lady's presence in that tilma, still to this day, has a lot to do with that.
19:00The first time I went to the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe and approached the tilma,
19:07I knew I was entering into the presence of something sacred and holy.
19:11The supernatural presence of the icon made an impression on me.
19:15I was immediately touched by the devotion of the people.
19:20It was an incredible experience of their tenderness in her approach to Mary as their mother.
19:26And from that moment on, I've had a loving experience of Mary.
19:39The image of Our Lady of Guadalupe holds many unsolved mysteries.
19:43The first mystery is its very existence.
19:46A 1946 study by the National Autonomous University of Mexico
19:51confirmed that the tilma is made of ixli, or azote agave fibers, from the cactus plant.
19:58And this is very hygroscopic.
20:01It's a material that is very easy to attack
20:04and that absorbs a lot of humidity.
20:07Those who manage the agave fibers know that it's not a durable material.
20:12And in the 16th century they were surprised.
20:15And throughout all the almost 500 years we have the image with us,
20:21there has always been astonished.
20:23Siglo con siglo, they are astonished to remain.
20:26So it's really inexplicable that a tilma filled with fiber of agave
20:31dure so much time.
20:33First of all, for the attack of insects.
20:36And on the other hand, because the environment in the Basílica of Guadalupe
20:40is an extremely humid and salitroso.
20:43You know, I think it's very important to examine miracles in a scientific way
20:51and to look for an explanation in the natural world,
20:55which everybody tends to do and wants to do.
20:57And then we discover rather miraculous things that can be answered from ordinary experience.
21:02In the 18th century, a scientist named Dr. Bartolache
21:06commissioned the creation of two works similar to the Guadalupe image.
21:11These paintings were also created on agave cloth
21:14and were placed in locations around the Basílica of Guadalupe.
21:18The survival of the tilma is even more amazing when one considers
21:32that it was left completely unprotected for more than a century.
21:37The image of the Virgen of Guadalupe was 116 years old
21:41without any protection, without any wood.
21:43It was exposed to this great climate climate,
21:47because the data tells us that the water, when it was inundated in the city,
21:51it would come to the altar within the Ermita.
21:54The Virgin of Guadalupe has soported humidity,
21:57has soported velas, smoke of candles,
22:01has soported so many people that with their hands they touched
22:05and with the rosaries they touched,
22:07and with the images they touched.
22:09It was impossible that it would have lasted.
22:13Many aspects of the image defy logic and science.
22:27The tilma has a seam running down its center,
22:30rendering the cloth a poor canvas choice.
22:33But researchers are astonished to discover
22:36that the very flaws of the tilma's fabric
22:38reveal the genius of the image.
22:43The tilma also lacks any preparation or imprimatura,
23:00a necessary step when painting on fabric.
23:04The tilma also lacks any preparation or imprimatura,
23:08a necessary step when painting on fabric.
23:10ein Schritt notwendig, wenn man auf der Fähre auf dem Fähre.
23:14Du brauchst diese Begründung, diese Begründung,
23:18damit die Farben, wo du die Farben mit dem Pincen steigern.
23:22Und wenn wir die Bilder sehen,
23:24wir wirklich die Farben sehen, die Farben durch die Hände.
23:28Denn wenn du auf eine Farben machst,
23:30den Farben machst du den Farben,
23:32wie du das Farben machst,
23:34ist es, dass du nicht die Begründung hast,
23:36die Farben wird es nicht zu spürt.
23:40Die Begründung ist klar,
23:42durch eine Begründung.
23:47Die gleiche Bildung ist auf der Begründung,
23:49auf der Begründung von Juan Diego's Tilma.
23:52Die gleiche Bildung, die wir in der Fronten sehen,
23:55ist in der Rückseite.
23:57Die Bildung hat sich in der Rückseite,
23:59in der Rückseite,
24:01oder in der Rückseite,
24:03in der Rückseite,
24:05in der Rückseite.
24:07Und in der Rückseite,
24:09die Überfläche,
24:11die Frau,
24:12die Frau,
24:13hat einen Medallon in der Rückseite.
24:16Ich glaube, dass jeder Artikel
24:18hat den Rückseite,
24:19und über den Rückseite hat er,
24:21hat er den Rückseite.
24:22Aber in der Rückseite,
24:23auch in der Rückseiteite.
24:24Der Rückseite hat sich in der Rückseite.
24:26Die Bildung hat sich in der Rückseite.
24:27Die Bildung hat sich in der Rückseite.
24:29Die Bildung hat sich in der Rückseite.
24:34Er hat sich in der Rückseite,
24:35als ob es,
24:36wenn man die Erfensschlärte hinkeitsst,
24:38wenn man sie einfach ankkertgefunden hat,
24:40dass sie in der Rückseiteiteiten
24:42in der Rückseitein und die Rückseite Benchner-Klose
24:44die Polizei ein Barsch-Klose haben.
24:45Der Rückseite stammt sich um 1950-Klose habe,
24:47die wieder sind,
24:48und auf zwei jeweils sind.
24:51In 1795, ein accident
25:19der Schloss
25:21einen stöchner
25:22a
25:23Schiften
25:26die
25:28die
25:31in
25:31den
25:32den
25:33den
25:36?
25:40Wadalupan
25:42die
25:42die
25:43die
25:48Und die Farbe war nicht so.
26:18Es war eine lange Arbeit, und ich habe herausgefunden, dass 13 Personen reflektiert sind in den Augen, in den Augen der Nuestra Frau von Guadalupe.
26:32In der Menschheit, die Körner reflektiert die Bildung vor uns.
26:36Die beiden Augen zeigen die gleiche Bildung, aber in verschiedenen Größen.
26:40Dieser Phänomen ist genau das, was Tonsmann gefunden hat, als Magnifizierung der beiden Augen.
26:46Each eye contain mirror images of the same scene.
26:51Using statistics, we can prove that the images that are in both eyes,
27:00that are in the same people, even in different sizes, but in the same positions.
27:08And by taking points, we can prove that there is a very high correlation between the figures in both eyes.
27:20The incredible devotion inspired by Our Lady of Guadalupe and her miraculous image
27:32can be traced back to the very first years following her apparition to St. Juan Diego.
27:37Despite ongoing tension with the Spanish colonial government, the apparition triggers one of the greatest conversions to the Catholic faith in history.
27:49This obviously va extendiéndose in a manner, but like pólvora,
27:53por todo, por todos los territorios y va haciéndose una de las conversiones más grandes,
28:03sin precedentes en toda la historia de la Iglesia.
28:08En siete años se logran nueve millones de conversiones.
28:13Eran días en los cuales los misioneros tenían que bautizar catorce mil personas en un solo día.
28:22This marks a difference in the type of evangelization between the New World and the Old World.
28:33What had been the typical model was one baptized the prince or the king or the queen,
28:40and the followers followed his decision as to the religion of the kingdom.
28:46But in the New World, what happened with Juan Diego and Our Lady of Guadalupe was a conversion beginning among the people
28:57that then filtered up instead of a conversion at the top which filtered down.
29:03The native people are drawn by Juan Diego's powerful encounter with Our Lady of Guadalupe,
29:16but they are also amazed by an image that reveals the Christian faith through symbols they could understand.
29:24In Aztec society, codices or pictorial manuscripts were an essential means of communication.
29:32Toda la imagen de la Virgen de Guadalupe, toda, es un códice.
29:38Ellos saben interpretar y leer perfectamente todos los conceptos que ella transmite a través de su imagen.
29:45Este códice es grande, así que como todos los códices grandes,
29:50tienen que ser puestos en el suelo y los ancianos rodeaban el códice para poderlo leer de diferentes ángulos.
29:58Algo así sucede con la Virgen de Guadalupe.
30:01Una de las primeras cosas que ven los indígenas es este manto azul verdoso que solamente el emperador podía portar.
30:13Cuando ven, cuando observan este manto azul que significa el cielo verde, que significa la vida, ella es una emperatriz.
30:23Este listón oscuro que está arriba, esta cinta oscura.
30:28Nosotros en América Latina decimos, una mujer está en cinta significa que está embarazada.
30:33Y ellos ven esta única flor de cuatro pétalos pero en posición X.
30:40Así que inmediatamente ellos entendieron que es madre de Dios.
30:46Solamente las doncellas, las vírgenes, tenían el pelo hacia abajo sin ningún tipo de trenzado.
30:54Todo hacia abajo, bien peinado.
30:57Eso significaba virginidad.
31:00Y si vemos cómo está esta mujer de pie.
31:05Uno está, un pie está bien puesta en la luna y la otra está flexionada a manera de paso de danza.
31:13Así que ellos perfectamente entienden que ella está danzando y los indígenas al danzar significa orar.
31:25The image also contains symbolism that would transform the world view of the indigenous people.
31:31Their new understanding of God and of love would help eliminate the long standing practice of human sacrifice.
31:38El sacrificio para los aztecas era un alto también central de la religión.
31:47Y yo creo que, si entendemos, ellos creen que el mundo, el universo, está en peligro.
31:55En peligro de acabarse.
31:57Y entonces es necesario fortalecer al sol.
32:02Piensa que el sol es la divinidad misma.
32:05Y para fortalecerlo, pues hay que ofrecerle lo que es vital en el ser humano, la sangre.
32:14Like European iconography, Our Lady of Guadalupe is standing on the moon.
32:19But for the indigenous mind, the moon represented the home of the omnipotent God.
32:24And we see these rayos del sol a las espaldas de la Virgen de Guadalupe.
32:30Ahora entendemos por qué la luna negra.
32:32Ahora la entendemos.
32:33¿Por qué?
32:34Porque toda ella es un eclipse.
32:36Ella está eclipsando, está superando al sol.
32:40Si recordamos que para los indígenas, el templo mayor de Tenochtitlán, donde sacrificaban tantos corazones y sangre,
32:48era precisamente para alimentar a los dioses y a todo este universo, principalmente el sol.
32:54La Virgen de Guadalupe está pisando la luna negra.
32:58Es decir, está llegando al hogar del Dios omnipotente.
33:03Y ahora entiendo la gran conversión de los indígenas.
33:07Porque ella, háganme cuenta, lo que está diciendo es esto.
33:11No es tu corazón.
33:13No es tu sangre.
33:15Lo que alimenta a esos dioses.
33:18No.
33:20Es el verdaderísimo y único Dios y Señor.
33:24Es su cuerpo.
33:25Es su sangre.
33:27Es su ser.
33:29Es su corazón.
33:30Lo que te alimenta.
33:32Eso se llama Eucaristía.
33:34Eso se llama Eucaristía.
33:35Eso se llama Eucaristía.
33:46Los muchos símbolos en la imagen de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe han llevado a millones de conversiones.
33:51Este simbolismo poderoso fue renunciado a un festival más grande llamado Pan Quetzalistli,
33:57celebrado alrededor del solsticio de solsticio,
33:59que en el calendario de julio,
34:01tomó lugar en 12 de diciembre,
34:02el mismo día que la aparición de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe.
34:0512 de diciembre,
34:07exactamente el día del solsticio de invierno,
34:11exactamente cuando los indígenas celebraban incluso la gran fiesta de Pan Quetzalistli.
34:16Los misioneros decían, es como la Pascua indígena.
34:20Ahora entiendo perfectamente el momento que escogió Dios a través de la Virgen de Guadalupe para encontrarse con el ser humano.
34:29Hagas de cuenta que la Virgen de Guadalupe le dice a los indígenas,
34:34yo los entiendo.
34:36Yo entiendo los sacrificios humanos,
34:39porque yo estuve delante de la cruz de mi hijo.
34:42Yo sé lo que es un sacrificio humano porque yo lo viví, yo lo sufrí.
34:49Yo estuve delante de mi hijo viendo cómo derramaba su sangre y ofrecía su cuerpo para la salvación de todos.
34:57Ya no más sacrificios.
35:00Mi hijo es el único y eterno sacrificio.
35:06With Our Lady of Guadalupe,
35:09what we find is actually the transformation of a culture according to new norms,
35:17validating its own heritage and its own history.
35:21A good example of this can be seen in Mexico in 1544 when Mexico experienced one of the worst droughts in its history.
35:31Typically, the Aztecs responded to such a situation by the massive sacrifice of many young children.
35:39After Our Lady of Guadalupe, in 1544, there was a massive pilgrimage of young children to the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
35:48So the transformation from a culture, we might say, of death to a culture of life.
35:54Our Lady of Guadalupe is often called La Morenita, a reference to her darkened complexion that makes her the perfect symbol of a mixed people.
36:09So, when speaking to the Virgin of Guadalupe as the Morenita,
36:15significa evidentemente que vemos en su color de piel este mestizaje.
36:22Obviamente, ella lleva nuestro sangre, nuestro color,
36:26ella lleva nuestra imagen, nuestra pintura y nosotros la llevamos también.
36:32Las apariciones de la Virgen de Guadalupe constituyen el acontecimiento fundante de los pueblos americanos.
36:41La Virgen de Guadalupe se presenta con el rostro mestizo.
36:45Es una Virgen que habla de la conjunción, del encuentro, de la conjunción de ambos pueblos,
36:53de los españoles con las más variadas etnias indígenas.
36:58St. John Paul II referred to Our Lady of Guadalupe as the perfect model of enculturation.
37:08This means that she comes to the indigenous people in their own customs and imagery.
37:16And in fact, in her face, the mestiza face, they see in her an affirmation of their human dignity,
37:25their human worth, and of course, their response is overwhelming.
37:31A finales del siglo XIX es más fuerte que nunca y entonces es declarada la madre mestiza del pueblo mestizo.
37:38Esto la convierte realmente en el símbolo nacional.
37:42Es un emblema nacional.
37:46Es igual de emblema como, por ejemplo, el águila en el escudo de la bandera mexicana, el águila sobre el nopal.
37:55Even during the Mexican Revolution of 1910, Emiliano Zapata and his troops entered Mexico City carrying a banner of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
38:08Despite Mexico's Catholic identity and the Guadalupean devotion, church state tensions reach a peak during the 1920s.
38:16In an effort to suppress the faith of Mexico's citizens, the government set out to destroy the church's most important symbol.
38:24Durante la persecución religiosa, Calles y el líder obrero Morones estaban obsesionados con destruir la religión católica y la iglesia católica.
38:34Entonces ellos pensaron que destruyendo la imagen de la Virgen de Guadalupe, el trabajo se iba a facilitar.
38:40En 1921, un agente trabajando para el gobierno pone una bomba escondida en un vaso de flores, directamente bajo la tilma.
38:50La bomba, formada por cartuchos de dinamita, explotó.
38:55Rompió el mármol de la zona donde estaba puesta.
38:58La onda expansiva rompió vidrios a 150 metros de distancia de las casas en frente de la basílica.
39:06Y realmente es inexplicable que el brillo de la imagen ni siquiera se haya roto.
39:12En los próximos años, la persecución de los católicos aumenta.
39:16Esto lleva a una rebelión contra el gobierno represivo que se llama la guerra de la Cristero.
39:21Estos luchadores de libertad católicos decidieron a Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe como su patrón y su inspiración.
39:28Las calles querían acabar con la religión católica.
39:36Y nosotros era lo que peleábamos, la religión católica.
39:41Era lo que peleábamos.
39:44Cuando agarraba uno al gobierno, ¿y ustedes por qué pelean?
39:48Por Cristo Rey.
39:51Viva Cristo Rey y Santa María de Guadalupe.
39:55Era lo que le decíamos.
39:57Muchos víctimas de la guerra de la Cristero de la guerra de los Estados Unidos.
40:04Esta inmigración de la inmigración sirve para aumentar la devocación de nuestra Señora de Guadalupe.
40:10Outside de la frontera de México.
40:12El imprimiento de la Cristero de los Estados Unidos de los Estados Unidos de los Estados Unidos de los Estados Unidos de los Estados Unidos.
40:19Porque a lot of the people who were exiled from Mexico during the Cristero period came to Los Angeles.
40:27Y se quedaron en su shirt sleeves.
40:29Y si fuera un mexicano, si fuera un guadalapano.
40:33Y, uh, la devocación ha sido muy fuerte.
40:37Y ha spreadado ahora en los Estados Unidos.
40:40En 1941, delegates from the 20 American republics came to the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City.
40:48To pray for peace amidst the horrors of the Second World War.
40:52Archbishop John Cantwell of Los Angeles led a delegation from the United States.
40:58The Mexican church was so grateful for Archbishop Cantwell's presence and support
41:03that they gifted the Los Angeles Archdiocese with a relic of St. Juan Diego's miraculous Tilma.
41:09To this day, it remains the only such relic in the United States.
41:15In recent years, under the auspices of the Knights of Columbus,
41:21the relic has passed through numerous American cities
41:24and been venerated at large Guadalupe celebrations in both Phoenix and Los Angeles.
41:29Los Angeles.
41:30Los Angeles.
41:31Los Angeles.
41:36Los Angeles.
41:37Los Angeles.
41:38Los Angeles.
41:39Los Angeles.
41:40Los Angeles.
41:41Los Angeles.
41:42Los Angeles.
41:43Los Angeles.
41:44Los Angeles.
41:45Los Angeles.
41:46Los Angeles.
41:47Los Angeles.
41:48Los Angeles.
41:49Los Angeles.
41:50Das ist nur du, der du dein Name ist.
41:59In der Rede von einem neuen Welt,
42:02was wir wirklich sprechen,
42:03ist die Einheit von verschiedenen Menschen
42:06und verschiedenen Kulturen
42:08für etwas, was vorher nicht existiert.
42:11In den USA, zum Beispiel,
42:13ein Land ist eine große Melting-Pot
42:15von vielen Immigranten,
42:18von vielen Ethnicitäten,
42:19von vielen Religionen,
42:21zusammenzubringen,
42:23eine neue Gesellschaft.
42:24Das ist, primärlich,
42:26die Message von Our Lady of Guadalupe,
42:28dass, egal ob die Unterschiede,
42:30es gibt eine Grunde der Menschen-Dignität
42:33und ein Respekt für verschiedene Kulturen.
42:36Und wenn wir das behalten,
42:38können wir tatsächlich etwas Neues machen.
42:49Ich habe meine Passion für Surfing,
42:55und ich habe meine Passion für Our Lady,
42:57especially Our Lady of Guadalupe.
42:59When I was a young man,
43:00I was raised in a very difficult,
43:02tumultuous family setting.
43:05And I really bit onto the culture
43:07and the bad things of the culture.
43:09So I got involved with a lot of drugs
43:11and a lot of promiscuity.
43:13It was after reading a book about the Blessed Virgin Mary
43:15that I really got what I call the divine two-by-four experience.
43:20God just hammered me with the truth
43:22and I fell madly in love with Him
43:24and with Our Lady and with the Catholic Church.
43:27I do consider myself a Guadalupano.
43:30She's my mother and I feel united
43:32with those that I don't even speak their same language.
43:35A mother always unites her children
43:37and that's a big part, I think, of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
43:40The spread of devotion to Our Lady of Guadalupe
43:57across the American continent
43:59is captured in this beautiful and idyllic shrine
44:01dedicated in her name.
44:03La Crosse, Wisconsin is a far cry from bustling Mexico City,
44:07but it is here that a new generation of Guadalupanos is being formed.
44:12Thank you very much.
44:14Thank you.
44:15After the Synod on America,
44:18the Church in America in which St. John Paul II
44:21underlined so powerfully the importance of Our Lady of Guadalupe
44:25for the living of the faith in the whole continent,
44:28North America, Central America, South America,
44:31then I understood that it should be a shrine to Our Lady
44:34under her title Our Lady of Guadalupe.
44:36We have people coming from everywhere.
44:40I have people as far away as China.
44:42The ones that are always the most interesting
44:44are the ones who simply see the roadside sign and just come in.
44:47What I hear most of all from the pilgrims is that when they come here,
45:00the minute they come up on the grounds,
45:02they have a sense of peace and they're inspired to pray.
45:06The heart of the message is very simple,
45:10that she wants to show to her children God's love for them.
45:18I've always been infatuated with the story of Our Lady of Guadalupe
45:21and her message and St. Juan Diego,
45:24and we've always tried to share that with our children.
45:27And we happen to kind of just stumble upon it.
45:30Then we found out they're building this church,
45:32so we've kept coming now for the last eight or nine years.
45:35I came from California, from San Diego, to commemorate this shrine
45:39because she is Our Lady of the Americas.
45:41And she's really a lady for all of us,
45:43for those from the tip of Argentina all the way up to the United States and Canada.
45:48So we look to her for guidance, for inspiration, and our daily lives.
45:53The Shrine in La Crosse has opened new hearts to the message of Guadalupe
45:58and has united people of all ethnic backgrounds in their common faith.
46:04I can speak to Our Lady of Guadalupe's effect in the local community
46:09and with the people who come here.
46:11It's a community of believers.
46:13And I think that the propagation of devotion to Our Lady of Guadalupe
46:18beyond the Hispanic community will simply bring more understanding
46:21that we're all in this together.
46:24The whole thing initially was funded by well-meaning Anglos, non-Hispanics,
46:29who simply caught the message of what the Pope was saying
46:32and what the Bishop, now Cardinal Burke, was saying and went with it.
46:36You have to see it to even believe this could happen.
46:45As patroness of the Americas, Our Lady of Guadalupe also inspires Canadians.
46:50And in a special way, she speaks to the First Nations communities.
46:56When I read that story and how as early as December 1531,
47:02when Our Lady appeared to an Indigenous person in Mexico,
47:05speaking his language and taking, in fact, the complexion of Indigenous children,
47:11I was just overwhelmed and deeply touched.
47:14First of all, she takes the complexion of our people
47:18and how she knew of the particular distress that the people were in,
47:25how they were treated less than human,
47:27but how she came to raise their dignity.
47:30And when you stop and think, when Our Lady appeared to St. Juan Diego,
47:34at the time his age was 57 years old,
47:37and so she appears to elders,
47:40which elevates then the significance of elders in all our cultures as Indigenous peoples.
47:46Inspired by the mestiza face of Our Lady,
47:49Nicholas began touring First Nation communities with the Guadalupe image,
47:54sharing Juan Diego's encounter and example of an enculturated evangelization
47:59that respects Indigenous culture and experience.
48:04When I first saw the missionary image of Our Lady Guadalupe, which is Canadian,
48:08I fell in love with her immediately.
48:11But it was overcome by the fact that this was the face of Our Lady,
48:17of the Mother of Jesus, and the only place in the world where she has left behind her face was in Mexico.
48:24Each summer I bring the missionary image of Our Lady Guadalupe to this area of New Brunswick
48:29and go around to not only First Nation communities, but non-Native communities as well,
48:35to actually share the story.
48:38And so when you hear words of people who are walking wounded,
48:43and then later on you see them rejoice, they say,
48:46thank you very much for bringing the story of Our Lady Guadalupe to us.
48:50And there are many, many stories over these past eight years that have taken damage around,
48:56where she has brought great comfort to people.
48:59The fact that Our Lady Guadalupe communicates with a poor person like Juan Diego is a message of what we call now option for the poor,
49:12which Pope Francis is talking about all the time.
49:28Our church must be a church of the poor for the poor.
49:31Evangelical poverty, simplicity and humility, and that is a very strong message for today.
49:37While devotion to Guadalupe remains most widespread in the Western Hemisphere,
49:43it is increasingly a global phenomena.
49:46At the National Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Manila,
49:49Filipino Catholics continue a centuries-long tradition.
49:52Our Lady of Guadalupe has a great impact on the Filipinos.
49:56The devotion was brought in from Mexico through Spanish missionaries and such that by 1935,
50:06the Holy Father, Pius XI at that time, decided to declare Our Lady of Guadalupe as the patroness of the Philippines.
50:14There are two things that were originally, I think, was an inspiration for the people to be in love with Our Lady of Guadalupe.
50:23One is the color.
50:25The color of the Blessed Mother Guadalupe is an indio.
50:28And we were called indios by the Spaniards.
50:32The second is that the one to whom he appeared was also an indio, Juan Diego.
50:38I think that the impact of the devotion to Our Lady is not only on families, but on society in general.
50:49There is something almost symbolic today that the church, the parishioner,
51:03the north of Alaska, is dedicated to Our Lady of Guadalupe.
51:08Also providencialmente, in a few years of being chosen Papa,
51:12the Cardenal Bergoglio created a new parishioner in Buenos Aires,
51:17consagrada and dedicated to San Juan Diego.
51:20The Virgin of Guadalupe is not only the bridge between the heaven and the earth,
51:25but also the bridge between all cultures.
51:29So thanks to His love, She joins us.
51:33Until recently, Our Lady of Guadalupe has been seen almost exclusively as a Mexican phenomenon
51:40or a Latin American, Hispanic phenomenon.
51:45But we need to open our horizon a bit.
51:48We have to understand that she is the patroness of the Philippines.
51:52And so she reaches the hearts of millions of Asians.
51:57We have to remember that at the time of the appearance of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
52:01New Spain existed throughout the western part of the United States.
52:05And so she is an apparition for the United States as well as for Mexico.
52:12Our Lady of Guadalupe is the mother of the Sisters of Life.
52:22We process to her every night, at the end of our night prayer,
52:27throughout our convent singing the Salve Regina, acknowledging her as our mother.
52:32Unlike her other apparitions, there is nothing like the Guadalupe apparition.
52:39Because when she came here, she came simply as a mother.
52:44She didn't exhort the people to prayer, to conversion, to fasting.
52:50That wasn't her message to these people.
52:53Her message was a message of love.
52:56She came with the assurances of love.
52:59That I am here.
53:01I am your mother.
53:06In my confessional in Philadelphia, I hear confessions every Sunday night.
53:10And right outside my confessional is a beautiful mosaic of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
53:16I can see through the door the number of people who stop at the shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe and pray,
53:21as they prepare for confession.
53:24And I think that is kind of symbolic of the role of Our Lady of Guadalupe,
53:30leading us further into our Christian life, day by day,
53:33asking us for constant transformation, change and conversion.
53:37Our Lady of Guadalupe has been referred to as the mother of the civilization of love.
53:45And so what is the motherly message of Our Lady of Guadalupe?
53:49It is one of concern, of compassion, of love for all members of society,
53:56even the poorest, even the outcast.
53:58And so if the person is created out of love for love,
54:05only a civilization of love is worthy of human dignity.
54:11And this is fundamentally the message of Our Lady of Guadalupe.
54:15And this has been a great day from its creation.
54:16Our Lady of Guadalupe has been called the
54:33Der Todesfache, der zwei Wundern,
54:37die mit der Welt verletzten,
54:40auf der Erde und der Erde.
54:43Der Todesfache, der Wundern,
54:47die Wundern, die Wundern des Wundern,
54:51die Wundern, die Wundern,
54:55für die drei Jahre,
54:57unsere Frau von Guadalupe hat sich verletzt,
55:01Endured as a symbol of hope, and defied scientific explanation, becoming the patroness of the Americas.
55:11Today, her presence is as real as it was in 1531, when Juan Diego first walked up to Peac Hill and encountered the woman millions would come to call our mother.
55:31To be continued...
56:01To be continued...
56:31To be continued...
57:01To be continued...
57:31To be continued...
58:01To be continued...
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