- 3 days ago
In addition to the abundance of wildlife and vegetation, the Sanjiangyuan area is home to generations of yak herders and their families. Their nomadic lifestyle involves moving livestock between summer pasture, fall pasture, and winter pasture to allow the grass to regrow. The herdsmen make these seasonal trips year after year, following nature's rhythm. The fourth part of Where The Mighty Rivers Begin focuses on the life stories of regular people in Sanjiangyuan, as they share with us their deepest love and appreciation for this enchanting land.
Category
🗞
NewsTranscript
00:00Transcription by CastingWords
00:30CastingWords
01:00CastingWords
01:29CastingWords
01:37In the remote high-altitude valley, a heavy snowstorm in April has come from nowhere.
01:44Drolma's family are planning to move their animals up to summer pastures.
01:48Now they will have to stay put until the snow is gone.
01:54Every day, Drolma and her younger sister normally ride a motorcycle up to where their yaks are grazing.
02:11Today, however, the snow on the ground is too thick.
02:21After several failed attempts, she decides to walk up the mountain instead.
02:25It's not yet noon, and the snow is getting heavy.
02:55Drolma decides to drive the yaks home earlier than planned.
02:59Drolma uses a traditional slingshot to signal to straying yaks that it's time to rejoin the herd and head home.
03:21She's a bit anxious.
03:27A cow is to give birth at home today.
03:31It's a big event for a herding family.
03:33She must hurry back to help her mother.
03:36Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
03:48Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, where Drolma's family live, is one of the core areas of Sanzheng Yuan, a region of Qinghai province containing the headwaters of the Lansang Yangtze and Yellow Rivers.
04:01Surrounded by mountains and valleys, the altitude here ranges between 4,000 and 5,000 meters above sea level.
04:08The weather is unpredictable, and the annual average temperature is less than 1 degree Celsius.
04:16Herdsmen depend on yaks for their daily needs.
04:20For food, yaks provide meat, milk and butter.
04:23For clothing and tents, yaks provide hides and wool.
04:26For fuel, yaks provide dung.
04:34In mountainous areas, yaks are also good beasts of burden.
04:40For a herding family like Drolma's, they are not only valuable property, but also close family members.
04:46By the time Drolma arrives home with the herd, her mother and sister have already prepared food for the yaks.
05:07The day's grazing time has been shortened by the snow, so the animals will need supplements.
05:17Several calves born this year need special care as they are encountering snow for the first time.
05:34The cow in labour, of course, is now at the centre of the family's attention.
05:55When the calf is finally born, Drolma's mother moves in to help.
06:22She picks up the baby and leads its weakened mother back to the pen.
06:32In the harsh environment of Samjeng Yuan, the reproduction and survival rates of animals aren't high.
06:39In particular, calves born in bad weather must be delivered and then cared for by herdsmen to survive and grow.
06:46The dog is not too much.
06:50To be continued...
06:55The dog is still safe and is not the same.
07:04The dog is still alive.
07:09Mount Nayampo Yutze is located in the south-eastern part of Qinghai's Golog Prefecture.
07:33A rarefied landscape of peaks and lakes, the area is the watershed between the Yangtze
07:38and Yellow Rivers.
07:46Ximutsuo Lake at the foot of Mount Nayampo Yutze is also known as the Fairy Lake.
07:53In summer, melting glaciers feed mountain streams here.
07:57With lush grassland and cool weather, it's the traditional summer pasture for local herdsmen.
08:07The days are getting warmer, and the herdsmen are indeed planning to move here for the summer.
08:14But Chokpoor has noticed this year's wet season is late, so it's still too early to go.
08:19Chokpoor is a production team leader in Sogruma township.
08:28He is very familiar with National Ecological and Environmental Protection Guidelines.
08:37Herdsmen in the region change pastures twice a year.
08:38He must check in advance to ensure their timing is optimized, which he believes is the best
08:43way of care for cattle and sheep.
08:44Ktoor is a dog?
08:45It is a dog is a dog.
08:46The dog is a dog.
08:47It's a dog.
08:48You're not the dog.
08:49No dog.
08:50The dog is a dog.
08:51It is a dog.
08:52You're not the dog.
08:53sure their timing is optimised, which he believes is the best way of care for cattle and sheep.
09:23On the day of his visit to Shimut's war, Chokpo's granddaughter is born, earlier than expected.
09:30It's his first grandchild. He's overwhelmed with joy, but it will also make the family's upcoming migration more hectic.
09:53In the evening, when the yaks and sheep return to their pens, Chokpo's wife, Lunga, notices a newborn calf is missing.
10:08Its mother is behaving erratically, frantic to get out of the pen.
10:15If you were to go to, you have a baby.
10:19When there is a baby, you know what?
10:21If you're from a baby, it's a baby.
10:25There is a baby.
10:28It's a baby.
10:31If it's a baby, you can't eat it anymore.
10:36If my baby is eating, you can eat it.
10:39I'm not a baby, so I can eat it.
10:43Chakpur drives around to look for the missing calf.
10:54When he finally sees it playing happily in a herdsman's pen, it is already getting dark.
11:13What is it?
11:15What is it?
11:27Ah!
11:29What is it?
11:31What is it?
11:33What is it?
11:35The day before they move their herd, Chakpur's family
12:05arrive at the summer pasture to set up their tent in advance.
12:09It will be their residence for the summer.
12:16Everyone is paying attention to every detail.
12:35After the tent and a stove inside have been set up, a gutter needs to be dug to drain rainwater.
12:48Chakpur carefully cuts into the turf, making sure not to go too deep.
12:55In the winter after the tree gets away, their wood is getting wet.
12:57Everyone keeps following the weather at the palm of the river.
13:00When we don't dwell in the garden, you're not going to reach our power.
13:03We've had to go too much and learn more.
13:05We're here to eat this with the new garden.
13:07We have to get there after that.
13:08We've got to go to the live garden.
13:09We've got our children here.
13:10We've got to get there.
13:11We thought about it.
13:12We've got to end.
13:13We didn't know how to go to the next day.
13:17They don't have to worry about it.
13:47It's finally time to move to the summer pasture.
14:07Early in the morning, Chokpo's daughter and son-in-law mount horses to drive their herd
14:12to Shilu Tsuo.
14:15When the horse is killed, we're going to need to get rid of the horses.
14:22The horse is the horse.
14:27He's the horse.
14:29He's the horse.
14:31He's the horse.
14:33He's the horse.
14:35He's the horse.
14:37He's the horse.
14:40I'm going to go to the house.
14:50After his granddaughter wakes up, Chokpo and his wife take her with them and set off by car.
14:56This is the arrangement the family has agreed upon after much discussion.
15:10The yaks have to climb over mountains and wade across rivers to reach their summer grazing grounds.
15:24Year after year, the herdsmen make these seasonal trips, following nature's rhythm.
15:40So, lunches convented from beggars to the whole city of Yarsha, a suitable village of Yarsha and Yarsha, people who have been indignant with us in the family.
15:54In the family, children who have become a young prince in the family of Yarsha, people who have become a young man.
15:59The Chalk and Yarsha Stankers were in the village of Yarsha.
16:05I can't let them know if they don't know.
16:16In the morning, I was like,
16:20I'm going to leave them alone.
16:23I'm going to leave them alone.
16:25I was going to leave them alone,
16:29I was going to leave them alone.
16:31I was going to leave them alone,
16:33Koryga Sernet
16:35At Tawogyeba's house, the morning starts
17:05with the low and rough calls of yaks.
17:09After a cold and humid night, a thin layer of hoar frost
17:13has formed on the pasture, as well as
17:15on the furs of her yaks and sheep.
17:23Clean and cheap yak dung is still an important fuel
17:26for pastoral areas.
17:29Yak butter, made with fresh yak milk,
17:32meanwhile, is an essential daily food for plateau herdsmen.
17:42Tawogyeba's family live in Swoheqing village,
17:46Xiaogongma township, in the source area of the Yellow River.
17:50Every summer, cattle and sheep are herded here
17:53for its lush grass.
17:55Fresh milk produced at this time is of the best quality,
17:59and the yak butter, made from it, is bright in colour and sweet in taste.
18:14Yak butter is made of cream, taken from fresh milk.
18:17To make it, herdsmen first warm fresh yak milk.
18:27After fermenting and filtering, it's poured into a milk separator.
18:33Tawogyeba has an electric milk separator.
18:37It uses centrifugal force generated by high-speed motor-driven rotation
18:42to extract the fats, or cream, from milk,
18:45replacing a traditional labour-intensive manual process.
18:48This is the product, yak cream.
18:58The cream is then repeatedly stirred, kneaded and cooled,
19:02until it solidifies into butter,
19:03a process that also removes water and impurities.
19:07Freshly made butter is malleable.
19:18Herdsmen generally slap it flat for easy stacking.
19:25The whole process is very laborious, requiring patience and care.
19:29The End
19:50The End
19:51We are all travelers, in one way or another, in search of a truth, a light, that will lead
20:14us in our quest, adventures that will fill our spirit and soul, an exploration beyond what
20:26can ever be imagined.
20:44We are all travelers in our heart, and we are all travelers of the world, our children
21:02are all travelers and travelers we are we?
21:10Every morning at 5 o'clock, regardless of the seasons, a strongly built man can always
21:31be seen exercising in Jue Mai, the seat of Ching Hai's Dalag County, which lies at 4,200
21:38metres above sea level. His name is Palsang.
22:08He grew up close to the source of the Yellow River. His main hobbies are practicing martial
22:13arts, playing football and going to the gym.
22:25Self-discipline is key. In addition to his daily morning exercises, he has a fixed monthly
22:31routine. On the 25th day of each month in the traditional lunar calendar, he takes yak butter
22:39to ravines outside the county to feed vultures.
22:46The sky is very high when I'm flying. I just sat there and watched the sky
22:54as the sky is flying. I feel as if you're flying up. It's really a complete feeling.
23:01The Himalayan vulture is a large bird of prey.
23:26It is native to the Himalayas and adjoining Qinghai-Tibet plateau, where it has no natural
23:31enemies.
23:33Animal carcasses are its preferred food, but when carrion is insufficient, it will also
23:38hunt living prey.
23:41In Pal Sang's view, therefore, feeding vultures can protect other healthy wild animals.
24:01I'll give you a story.
24:03I'll go with the house.
24:09I'm going to put the house on the ground.
24:22I'll put the house on my hand.
24:25It's nice to have an eye on the ground.
24:28雷鷹
24:30雷鷹
24:32雷鷹
24:40同學們再來看一下最小公貴數
24:44好, 確定你馬
24:46你給我說一下418是不是
24:50不是
24:51為什麼不是
24:53因為它不是
24:56他就是
24:58有雷鷹
25:00他有三的 一堆
25:01三的不如我們講話
25:02三的不如我們講完三的不如 operate
25:04雷鷹
25:04這個
25:08雷鷹
25:09雷鷹
25:26Chogyal-Niyama's home is in De Arwen village, Skada county.
25:54The Kerchu River, which runs through the village, winds its way southeast to eventually join the Yellow River.
26:13Gadeh county is recognized as the birthplace of the classic ancient epic cycle of Chizang and greater central Asia, the epic of King Gesar.
26:23Chogyal-Niyama's mother, Cedron, is one of some 100 bards of the cycle active today.
26:29Under her tuition, Chogyal-Niyama has been learning how to sing the epic himself.
26:35Chogyal-Niyama is a part of the village.
26:41Chogyal-Niyama is part of the village of Chogyal-Niyama.
26:45In addition to coaching him in the epic of Gursar,
27:14Chogyal Nyama's mother has also taught him to revere nature and all living things.
27:19This is also an age-old custom of the herdsman.
27:44I want to know him.
27:49I want to know him.
27:51I want to know him.
27:55In the second week of the summer holidays, Chogyal-Niyama's grandpa is invited over.
28:19He will lead the whole family to make prayer flags and pray for health for his two grandchildren.
28:25He will lead the whole family to make prayer flags and pray for the children of Chogyal-Niyama's grandpa.
28:55Although machine-woven prayer flags can now be bought everywhere,
29:03Chogyal Nyama's grandpa believes that his hand-made flags of homespun cloth printed
29:09with red clay show more sincerity.
29:12Most importantly, they are made of environmentally friendly materials that are biodegradable
29:18and can be completely absorbed by the grassland.
29:42After the summer holidays, Chogyal Nyama's little sister will start preschool, while Nyama
29:46himself will enter his last year of primary school.
30:16Chogyal Nyama's little sister, Chogyal Nyama's little sister thought
30:22Chogyal Nyama, we can't see what they can do.
30:28Chogyal Nyama's little sister, Chogyal Nyama is the last year of secondary school.
30:33The Ragya Monastery in Ma Ching County is the largest temple of the Gerlug School of
31:03Tibetan Buddhism, at the source of the Yellow River. Its monks are known for creating exquisite
31:09sand mandalas. Today, they are outside gathering flowers to make the pigments required.
31:33Natan Gyatso has an encyclopaedic knowledge of the area's flora.
31:40Natan Gyatso has an encyclopaedic knowledge of the area's flora.
31:48It's a place where the monks are located, and the monks have to travel to the mountains
31:55of Anyeh Ma Chon. Besides this hill, the monks also need to travel to the mountains of Anyeh Ma Chon
32:04Besides this hill, the monks also need to travel to the mountains of Anye-ma-chan and
32:16Niyampo-yutze to collect flowers.
32:20Informed by years of experience, they collect in different regions and seasons flowers in
32:26five colors for the creation of their sand mandalas.
32:29Before picking, they drive away insects on the flowers and try to pick petals without damaging
32:49the plants themselves or the soil below.
32:55They follow these rules whatever the weather or terrain.
33:02A sand mandala is produced with fine sand, an important source of which is natural white
33:21rock.
33:34After the rocks are collected, the monks pound and grind them into granules by hand.
33:39They constitute a large portion of the material needed.
33:57Such as stones such as pearl, agate, red coral and turquoise are also pounded and ground into
34:03powder to make sand.
34:14When all the materials have been milled into powder, the monks add water for them to precipitate
34:20and then drain and dye them.
34:26The final result is usually only about a fifth of the volume of the raw materials used to
34:31create it.
34:34It is this that will be used to lay out the sacred design.
34:52The flowers collected by the monks, arranged in order by color, have been sun-cured.
35:00They will be used to make the colors needed for sand mandalas.
35:10Thicka yielded by boiling the flowers will serve as dyes.
35:17As an expression of their sincerity, and to ensure that the sand mandala will eventually
35:21return to nature, the monks of Ragya Monastery insist on making pigments by hand in a traditional
35:28way.
35:31Next, it is time to color the fine sand.
35:39This step requires the liquor to be thoroughly blended with the fine sand and evenly stirred.
35:45When the liquor is completely absorbed by fine sand, the sand will then be dried again and
35:51pounded.
35:53Generally, a sand mandala has five basic colors – blue, yellow, red, green and white.
36:03In Tibetan Buddhism, they correspond to the five great Buddhas.
36:10Besides white, the other four colors are segmented into deep, medium and shallow tones.
36:16In total, more than ten colors need to be produced, including black.
36:23more than ten colors.
36:30Now work can begin on the sand mandala.
36:42The first step is to outline a geometric framework of precise structure and proportion.
37:01Then, the previously pigmented sand is used to create patterns.
37:21The creation of the mandala starts from the center.
37:31In Tibetan Buddhism, this is the place for Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism.
37:37Surrounding him are all beings in the world, revealed layer by layer, symbolizing the radiating
37:44benevolence of Buddhism.
37:55In Tibetan Buddhism, a mandala is the residence of Buddha.
38:01Usually it takes five to seven days for dozens of well-trained monks to make a sand mandala.
38:07The completed piece will be presented to the faithful at a dharma assembly.
38:37Finally, it's time to complete the cycle.
39:06After all the time, the monks will destroy their sacred work with the same devotion with which
39:11they created it.
39:24The sand mandala is gone.
39:29Its separate bright colors have been mixed into a uniform dull brown.
39:35This place is swept into a piece of cloth and carried to the side of the Yellow River, one
39:40of the three great rivers originating in Sangzhenyuan.
39:44Finally, the sand is scattered into the torrent and washed downstream.
39:49It's a dream.
39:50It's a dream.
39:51It's a dream.
39:56And the journey is a dream.
39:57It's a dream.
39:58It's a dream.
39:59You don't have family.
40:00It's a dream.
40:01It's a dream.
40:02It's a dream.
40:03You can't go after all the stars.
40:04But the gold.
40:05It's a dream.
40:06It's a dream.
40:07Another dream.
41:08The mountain marathon is about to begin.
41:15Wandering in northern Tibet and western Sichuan, a herd of Tibetan wild asses are the protagonists
41:23of the game.
41:36Tibetan wild asses move in clusters.
41:39The males walk in front, the females in the rear, keeping the youngsters in the middle
41:44for their protection.
41:45They are excellent runners with a top speed of 45 kilometers per hour.
41:54The movement strengthens their cohesion as a group and keeps their young from falling behind,
42:01showing no fear to their enemies.
42:09In the Yushu and Gulag Tibetan autonomous prefectures of Qinghai and the Alton Mountains of Xinjiang,
42:21Tibetan wild asses can be spotted from time to time.
42:28They are a first class state protected animal.
42:42These clever creatures are experts at finding water sources.
42:49This is a pasture at 4,800 meters above sea level.
42:54For every 100 meters of altitude rise, there are significantly fewer water sources and meadows.
43:03Other animals have learned to follow the Tibetan wild asses.
43:07Even in the harsh winter, they can always find fertile meadows and abundant water sources.
43:18Therefore, the wild ass has earned the title of guide in the highland.
43:24Adult wild asses can grow up to 2 meters in length while running.
43:29The air resistance is greatly reduced by their running posture.
43:34This allows them to easily cross shallows, swamps, rocks and cliffs.
43:41They are social animals that feed on plants.
43:56Each family relies on the amount of water and grass in the area to determine the population size.
44:10The alpha male of the herd is responsible for fighting and ensuring the group's livelihood.
44:17They are used to wandering all around.
44:25By eating alpine grasses, meadows and mosses, their neural activity is enhanced.
44:33With excellent hearing and sense of smell, along with keen eyesight, they are able to detect a threat more than 600 meters away.
44:46Once danger approaches, they quickly flee to seeing.
44:52As a result, it's hard for any other species to approach them.
45:14They are strong but timid.
45:17In this pristine ecological environment, various wildlife resources are well preserved.
45:25The nature reserve offers them a sanctuary to live and thrive.
45:29This vast area has become a paradise for the wild asses.
45:42This vast area has become a paradise for the wild asses.
46:11At noon, in the wilderness of the mountain, Cenarius vultures are searching for food.
46:18They have been hovering all morning.
46:24Their eyes constantly scanning the hillside a few kilometers away.
46:30And often, they are Looking for comfort.
46:32They are in a village.
46:33Very trat of animals are reading the good stuff.
46:37Its potential wants to learn about a man's life.
46:38In 100 per钟, the Ro-2 ALS leben and Hare.
46:39They have another natural animal skin that happens ongoing.
46:40From their��
46:45and all cats, the Ro-2Als eat root and so-called shark bear.
46:49On its profile head, the Ro-1.
46:53Scenarius vulture is the largest bird of prey in the Highland area.
47:02Bear mountains and open plains are the best places for them to find food.
47:12Decaying carcasses of large animals are their favorite.
47:21As a strong raptor, an adult Scenarius vulture is about 1.2 meters long.
47:28The wingspan of about 3 meters is big enough to wrap around a Tibetan wild ass.
47:39Feeding on dead animals requires their skillful hooked beaks.
47:45Even the toughest cowhide can be easily torn apart with that.
47:55The vultures glide in the air, keeping distance from their prey on the ground.
48:03They fly low to examine the horse and the surroundings.
48:11Scenarius vultures are very patient.
48:14They can watch continuously for about two days, just like this.
48:22A Tibetan dog has been with the horse for a whole day, while the vultures circle over
48:30the carcass.
48:36Vultures fly upwards on a thermal like many other birds.
48:40They enjoy soaring in the air for a long time.
48:48Most Scenarius vultures have featherless neck and head.
48:54The exposed skin helps regulate their body temperature.
49:01They usually settle on the alpine meadows and in the valleys.
49:20Able to dissipate heat quickly through the skin, they can easily adapt to dramatic temperature
49:26changes.
49:29After a long observation, the vultures are sure about the death of the little horse.
49:49They land one after another, watching carefully and biding their time.
49:57They are ready.
50:00The moment the dog leaves, they will rush over to the horse.
50:06The smell of the carcass could lure Scenarius vultures from tens of kilometres away.
50:20Those vultures would fly to speed of over 100 kilometres an hour towards the feast.
50:38In the vast mountains and forests, signs of danger often hide in plain sight.
50:55The strong prey on the weak.
50:57This is the law of nature.
50:59The calm and siren of the carcass could lure Scenarius vultures come to the east.
51:02Now, the
Recommended
56:00
|
Up next
43:47
56:00
2:24
0:43
6:31
1:14