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80 countries at Swiss conference agree territorial integrity of Ukraine must be basis of any peace
FRANCE 24 English
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6/16/2024
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00:00
Next, a peace summit aimed at uniting global opinion on how to end Moscow's invasion in
00:05
Ukraine has wrapped up in Switzerland.
00:08
The first of its kind, the two-day conference in Bürgenstock brought together leaders and
00:12
delegations from more than 90 countries, including U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris.
00:18
It was not attended by Russia or China, though, which was seen as limiting the talk's potential
00:23
impact.
00:24
Moselensky nevertheless said history was made and expressed hopes for a peaceful solution
00:29
going forward.
00:30
Take a listen.
00:31
Ladies and gentlemen, today is the day when the world begins to bring a just peace closer.
00:38
I thank everyone who has worked for this day, every leader, all the teams and advisors,
00:45
all the states.
00:46
One hundred and one states and international organizations are now at the summit, and this
00:52
is a tremendous success, our success, the common success of all those who believe that
00:59
a united world, united nations are stronger than any aggressor.
01:04
Well, for more on that, we can bring in Alexandra Filipenko.
01:09
She's a political analyst and joins us now from Vilnius.
01:12
Thank you so much for taking the time to speak to us.
01:15
First of all, what can we say are the main takeaways of this unprecedented summit?
01:21
First of all, thank you for having me.
01:22
And I think that in the communique we saw what are the key issues and the key points
01:27
of this unique and first peace summit.
01:30
And it's very important to stress that it is only the first of many peace summits that
01:36
most probably will happen under the auspices of Ukraine or any other country that can host
01:42
it, of course.
01:43
So first of all, one of the key issues is nuclear power.
01:47
Nuclear power plants, including Zaporizhia nuclear power plant, must operate safely and
01:52
reliably under full sovereign control of Ukraine.
01:55
This is the first key point.
01:56
The second one is global food security.
01:59
And the communique says that this uninterrupted food chain supply and free and safe commercial
02:06
shipping is the most important thing that all allies must agree on.
02:11
And the third, that all prisoners of war should be released and all deported and illegally
02:16
displaced Ukrainian children, as well as all other Ukrainian civilians, must be returned.
02:23
So these were three main key issues that were discussed and were decided on.
02:29
And of course, there were seven more issues that President Zelensky voiced before the
02:34
peace summit, but they were not in the final communique.
02:38
And the chief of Zelensky's office, Andrei Yermak, said that Ukraine doesn't rule out
02:44
speaking with Russia on future summits.
02:47
So of course, this was not written in the communique, but I think this is one of the
02:52
most important takeaways that we must realize is one of the reasons probably the summit
02:58
has happened.
02:59
This is one of the main key points that we should see.
03:05
And it's very important that there might be talks on future peace summits.
03:10
And just to continue a bit with that joint communique that was just released moments
03:14
ago, we're hearing that it, quote, reaffirms commitment to Ukraine's territorial integrity.
03:21
What does that entail, do you think?
03:22
And what could that mean concretely for Ukraine going forward?
03:26
To be fair, it should be said that many of the speakers at the summit and this final
03:31
communique spoke about the territorial integrity of Ukraine.
03:35
And they spoke about, again, the need for Russian participation in future summits to
03:43
this territorial integrity to be secured.
03:46
But we didn't see real borders, what this really means.
03:52
In principle, all speakers decide that, yes, of course, we need to go back to 1991 borders.
03:59
This is the most important issue for Ukraine right now and for the office of the president.
04:04
But we do not see any particular maps, let's say, in this communique.
04:09
So of course, these were the very important words that's been said.
04:13
And most of the participants of the meeting, they spoke against Russian aggression, of
04:19
course.
04:20
And they said approximately the same thing, that it's necessary to continue supporting
04:23
Ukraine, that Putin is an aggressor and should be forced to leave Ukraine.
04:27
But there are no limits as of time and there are no exact maps.
04:33
So territorial integrity mostly, most probably means going back to 1991 borders.
04:39
But again, to be honest, it seems like beautiful and nice words, but nothing in particular
04:46
and nothing that, for example, countries must do to safeguard this territorial integrity
04:52
exactly right now.
04:54
And Russia was, of course, not invited to the talks, which some participants have condemned.
04:59
And China, of course, as well, stayed away for this very reason.
05:04
How much impact do you think the summit has had on first uniting global opinion, but also
05:08
putting pressure on Moscow?
05:12
For uniting global opinion, of course, it was very important.
05:15
And yes, many of the speakers spoke about the need for Russia's participation.
05:20
In particular, Consular Schultz spoke about it.
05:23
The European Council President Charles Michel spoke about it.
05:26
The Saudi foreign minister Prince Faisal bin Fakhr Al Saud also spoke about it.
05:31
So a lot of leaders talked about need for Russian participation.
05:35
And just before the summit, we should remember that Vladimir Putin spoke out and he presented
05:42
his view of peace and his view of what peace should be.
05:46
So he presented those unrealistic, let's say, things that he wants from Ukraine.
05:53
But we realized that only with talking with Russia, something can be resolved.
05:59
And Andrei Yermak spoke about it.
06:01
And although Vladimir Zelensky didn't speak about possible negotiations with President
06:07
Putin, but the office of the president of Ukraine signaled that in the future, this
06:13
can happen.
06:14
Of course, it's very important to mention that China wasn't present at the summit.
06:18
But again, Andrei Yermak said in his interview yesterday that any other country can sign
06:25
this communique, this final communique, any other country that did not participate in
06:29
the summit, but that agrees with those key points.
06:33
So we might expect maybe not Russia, but at least Russia's close ally, China, to sign
06:39
under this communique.
06:41
And probably this would be the sign that there will be talks in the nearest future.
06:46
Of course, the signal that President Putin gave a few days before the summit also means
06:51
that he wants some kind of negotiation.
06:54
OK, I think that's all we have time for, unfortunately.
06:56
But thank you so much for that recap and for your analysis.
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2:50
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