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Transcript
00:00Hello,
00:30welcome to Gardener's World,
00:32and welcome back to Longmeadow after a few weeks away,
00:34when the weather has been as hot and as dry
00:37as I've known it in the last 30-odd years.
00:41And if you've got containers, you've got to water them.
00:44Otherwise, in the sort of heat and drought we've had,
00:47they will just frivel up and die.
00:49Now, that makes life tricky,
00:50because there are hosepipe bands, there are water meters,
00:53so it does mean using what water you need to use really carefully.
00:58And we haven't watered the borders at all.
01:01And the effect is beginning to become really noticeable,
01:04sometimes quite dramatic.
01:04So, for example, the big hornbeam balls that I planted in spring have suffered.
01:10The ones exposed to the sun are not looking good at all.
01:13The ones in the shade are actually looking fine.
01:16Just that difference of a few meters is transformative.
01:19And it's one of the many things we're learning about how plants react.
01:23Clematis, which I would expect to really not like this dry weather,
01:28are doing fine, because their roots are deep.
01:31These are all factors that we're having to learn about and piece together
01:36and try and adapt to the changes of weather that we are having to deal with.
01:41Now, coming up on today's programme.
01:46Ari visits a cut flower grower in Kent,
01:49whose plot is filled not only with floral beauty,
01:52but also a fascinating range of wildlife.
01:55Wow!
01:56We've got privet hawk moth, so...
01:59Look at those!
01:59That's our largest UK resident species.
02:02It's a good night for elephants.
02:04Wow!
02:05Elephant hawk moths.
02:07Is that your biggest ever hawk?
02:08I think this is the most elephants I've ever seen.
02:10Yeah, that's definitely peak elephant.
02:13We catch up with Jamie Butterworth
02:15as he puts the finishing touches to our RHS Chelsea dog garden
02:20in its final position at Battersea Dogs and Cats Home.
02:24Harold is doing exactly what you were talking about.
02:29He's using the garden, he's got a lot to explore,
02:32and he's taking it really slowly.
02:33He is.
02:34It's so lovely to see, genuinely.
02:36And we visit a grower who is a self-confessed obsessive
02:41about Echeveria's.
02:43This is Echeveria Madaba, and she is absolutely stunning.
02:48It's got beautiful wavy lines.
02:50Its leaves are almost metallic and shiny.
02:53It's just beautiful.
02:55It has to be said that Longmeadow is a wet place.
03:22We never get drought.
03:25Well, we never used to get drought.
03:27Plants are just shriveling up.
03:29Flowers have been going over much quicker.
03:31Obviously, the roses just went over almost overnight.
03:34And the other thing that's happened
03:36is quite a lot of things have held back.
03:39So, for example, normally by this time,
03:41the dahlias are really zinging with flower and colour,
03:45and one of our main jobs is deadheading.
03:47Hardly any have come into flower yet.
03:51Hemerocallis, untouched, not bothered by it at all.
03:54The yews which I planted are really suffering.
03:57I should be watering those more,
03:58and yet those are plants which I think of as tough as old boots.
04:02I have to confess that I don't know the answers,
04:05and I don't believe that anybody does.
04:07We'll share.
04:07Good boy.
04:21Now, obviously, when it comes to vegetables, water is essential.
04:25It's almost impossible to grow good vegetables
04:27without some kind of watering.
04:29But as with so many plants throughout the garden,
04:32what you water and when is key.
04:34For example, we've got fennel here, Florence fennel,
04:36a really great late-summer plant,
04:40but you have to water it,
04:41because once it bolts, which it will do
04:43if it feels too hot or too dry,
04:45then you can't go back.
04:47You can never reclaim the plant.
04:49So I have been watering the fennel.
04:52Now, the outdoor tomatoes are actually in the perfect situation.
04:56I've watered them once a week,
04:58and when I say water, they get a really good soak.
05:00But they're very happy.
05:02They like the heat.
05:03They're not suffering, so that's fine.
05:06But here's a really good example.
05:08The broad beans...
05:09I haven't watered, because I've never watered broad beans in my life,
05:12and they've suffered.
05:13And what we've got,
05:14and this is the first time this has happened to me,
05:16we've got very small pods
05:18with large, very mealy beans.
05:22And the pods are about half the size,
05:26often with just two beans inside,
05:28which, as broad beans go, is not what you want.
05:31You know, I love the young broad beans,
05:32and you get longer pods,
05:34and there's something succulent about it.
05:36These are dry, they're mealy,
05:38but by and large, broad beans are one of the worst years I've ever had.
05:42Now, this is Swiss chard.
05:44Now, Swiss chard is actually really good at adapting to drought.
05:48It's got deep roots, and it will survive.
05:52But that doesn't mean to say that it is plain sailing,
05:55because what it often does is bolt.
05:59And that means it throws up a flowering stem
06:03in an effort to produce seeds.
06:04If the plant feels stressed, and therefore it might die,
06:07the quicker it can reproduce, the better.
06:10So what you have to do is, as soon as you see it bolting,
06:15and this is the bolting stem here,
06:17and these will become flowers,
06:19is go right down,
06:21cut that off.
06:25Now, that can go on the compost heap.
06:26Look how limp the leaves are.
06:29When they're fully hydrated, they're crisp and full.
06:32So that slows down the process of the plant going into panic.
06:37As soon as we get enough water, this will survive.
06:40These plants, I can guarantee,
06:42I will still be harvesting next spring.
06:44However, if this had been lettuce,
06:47and I grow a lot of lettuce,
06:49once it bolts, that's it.
06:51It's a one-way valve.
06:52It's rather like fennel.
06:53You can't reclaim it.
06:54Cutting back the bolting stem is no good.
06:57So it's a question of planning the plants
06:59according to the weather and the soil,
07:01and responding where response is going to be most effective.
07:04Now, we're going to join Arit
07:09as she continues her journey around the country
07:12visiting growers of cut flowers.
07:14And last month, she went down to visit a grower in Kent.
07:18This year, I'm on a mission.
07:28I'm meeting some of the growers
07:29who are driving a homegrown revolution
07:32right here in the UK.
07:34There are many people growing their own,
07:40and I don't just mean vegetables,
07:41which of course is important,
07:43but those that are growing seasonal British cut flowers.
07:46And they're doing it for the love of flowers,
07:48but also for wildlife.
07:50I've come to Kent to meet Nate Moss.
07:57Being able to grow his own fresh flowers
07:59was the motivation to transform his garden into a business.
08:06I brought a pair for you, actually.
08:07You knew I'd love that.
08:09Yeah, it's hard to keep up with them
08:10this time of year, this week, please.
08:11They're just coming into their prime now, actually.
08:14You just need sort of 10 or 12 to stick in a vase,
08:17and it gives you a really lovely display.
08:25Brilliant.
08:26Have you always loved gardening night?
08:27Display.
08:27Brilliant.
08:28Have you always loved gardening night?
08:31I have, yeah.
08:32I think literally since I was five or six,
08:34I've got memories of being outside and planting stuff
08:38and growing and designing spaces.
08:41I grew up in a military family,
08:42so we moved around every year or two
08:45and actually also grew up with undiagnosed ADHD and autism,
08:49so I think being outside is where I feel most myself.
08:56So when did you decide to turn the space over to cut flowers?
09:02I think it's maybe not turned over to cut flowers.
09:07I think cut flowers is a part of it,
09:09but actually a lot of the space is turned over to nature,
09:13and I think it's trying to find the balance, really.
09:16I've been here a couple of years,
09:18so I see myself more as a guest, really,
09:21than a sort of custodian.
09:23I guess it's about trying to be a good guest,
09:26not a gate crasher, and make room for everyone else.
09:28Yeah, I like that.
09:29I really like that.
09:30It is about being a guest.
09:32I think there's a growing interest in British flowers
09:35and local flowers that haven't been shipped
09:37from the other side of the world.
09:38You know, they know how they've been grown,
09:41they've been grown sort of more environmentally friendly.
09:44Yeah, which is so, I think, important now.
09:54Oh, Nate, this is just lovely.
09:58You've got these down.
09:58Absolutely, yeah.
10:00I mean, what do you choose?
10:02How do you decide what to grow?
10:03So, I think a lot of what I'm growing here
10:05is sort of country garden favourites.
10:08You've got dahlias and snapdragons and cosmos
10:11and kind of the more traditional stuff
10:13that you would grow in a cut flower garden in this country.
10:18To help realise Nate's ambition to bring more wildlife in,
10:22he's begun growing a very different group of plants for his bouquets.
10:25So, it's early days,
10:27but these are all British native wildflowers.
10:30So, we've got the wild-form agrostemma, which is corn cockle,
10:34and then we've got our native salvia,
10:36which is just starting to come out, the lovely purple-blue.
10:40Ideally, what we want to do in terms of sustainability
10:42will be to grow almost like a cutting meadow.
10:45So, you've got plants growing in a community.
10:48They're going to need much less input from me.
10:50They'll be much more resilient.
10:52And that ambition is already growing into a reality.
10:57Well, this looks great.
11:00So, this was just a sort of bog-standard green lawn
11:03when we moved in a couple of years ago,
11:05and that's one of the first things we did,
11:07just let the grass grow and then cut it in the autumn
11:10and broadcast some wildflower seeds.
11:13So, this is, I guess, still an infant.
11:17Very much so, yeah.
11:19In some ways.
11:19But, you know, already, you know,
11:21seeing the butterflies dancing across it,
11:23I mean, it's doing its job.
11:24Yeah, as soon as the sun comes out on a day like this,
11:27you can start to see the meadow jumping,
11:29butterflies and bees, and, yeah, it just comes alive.
11:32And it's not just the daytime pollinators
11:36that Nate wants to attract to his garden.
11:39Yesterday evening, he set up a moth trap
11:41using a bucket and a light
11:43to see what other pollinators visit the garden at night.
11:49Wow!
11:50We've got privet hawk moth, so...
11:54Look at those!
11:55That's our largest UK resident species.
11:58It was a good night for elephants.
12:00Wow!
12:01We've got elephant hawk moths.
12:03Is that your biggest ever haul?
12:04I think this is the most elephants I've ever seen.
12:06Yeah, that's definitely peak elephant.
12:09It's the larval food that's so important, isn't it?
12:12Because often people are like,
12:13I don't like caterpillars,
12:15but they like, you know, butterflies
12:17and obviously the importance of moths.
12:18Most moths will have a single food plant
12:21that their caterpillars will eat.
12:23So with the privet hawk moth,
12:25that eats privet.
12:26Elephant hawk moth, their larva depends on
12:29rose bay willow herb.
12:30So that's a really important British native wildflower
12:32to grow in your garden
12:34if you want to see more elephants.
12:35Yeah.
12:36And what will you do with them now?
12:37So what I'll do now is I'll record the numbers
12:39in the species and then we can submit that
12:41to our local moth recorder.
12:43And then this evening we'll let them go
12:45and they'll just fly off into the night.
12:47Brilliant.
12:48It wouldn't be a proper visit
12:50without creating a display
12:52from what's looking great now.
12:54And Nate has a vase, or three, at the ready.
12:57We've got sustainable mechanics here.
13:00What I'm going to use is a pin holder.
13:02That'll just give it a little bit more support
13:04for the size of the stems we've got.
13:06And then just a bit of chicken wire,
13:08which you sort of scrunch up.
13:10You can use that over and over again
13:11and just make a ball,
13:13pop it into your vase and push it down.
13:15So when you're picking cut flowers,
13:17the ideal time to do it is
13:19first thing in the morning
13:20when it's nice and cool
13:21and they're well hydrated after the evening.
13:24And then ideally you just let them condition
13:26for 24 hours in a nice deep drink of cool water.
13:32And just stripping off these lower leaves
13:34really just stops all of that
13:36going basically mouldy in the water,
13:39keeping the stems nice and clear.
13:40So we've got some lovely meadow sweet here,
13:45which is an ancient strewing herb.
13:47They'd have used this back in the medieval time
13:49to dry and put on their bedchamber floors
13:51just because of the lovely fragrance of it.
13:55So this is a lovely rose bay willow herb.
14:00This is just celebrating
14:02a lovely bright colour palette this time of year.
14:05That looks absolutely stunning, Nate.
14:09I love it.
14:10I love it.
14:12Meadow in a vase.
14:13It's absolutely a meadow in a vase.
14:15The colours are just so gentle.
14:18That pink and yellow, I just adore it.
14:20I really love how Nate's passion for nature and wildlife
14:29has driven him to grow these British wildflowers
14:33alongside the more traditional cut flowers.
14:35You can really feel the love in every single stem.
14:39And the great thing is that
14:40they haven't been flown across the world.
14:42They haven't used any pesticides.
14:44They've been grown here in this native soil.
14:47Come on.
15:06I have to say,
15:08I am deeply jealous of those sweet peas
15:11because the drought has affected mine catastrophically.
15:14Nevertheless, they looked wonderful.
15:17And I thought the arrangements at the end
15:18were simply magnificent.
15:21Lovely.
15:22Now, these are my potatoes.
15:25I planted these in early April.
15:27They have not had a drop of water
15:29at any stage in their growth
15:31other than the rain.
15:32They're charlotte.
15:33They're a second early,
15:34which means that they're ready
15:36from about the end of June, beginning of July.
15:37Now, what I will do
15:40is pull a little bit away
15:42like this.
15:46And already we can see
15:48that some are coming up by hand.
15:50The soil is dust.
15:59Normally, the soil sticks to your feet.
16:01It sticks to the spade.
16:02When you dig spuds,
16:03they are coated in mud.
16:06And these are practically clean.
16:07You could almost just put those
16:09straight into water and cook them
16:10because the soil is so dry.
16:12Well, that's enough for lunch.
16:24And I have to say,
16:25I'm really genuinely happy with that
16:27because no water, soil like dust,
16:31no care and attention at all.
16:33And look at them.
16:35Really nice potatoes.
16:37They'll store for about three months
16:38and make us very happy in the process.
16:41Now, inside the greenhouse,
16:53obviously, it hasn't just been hot.
16:55It's been really roasting.
16:58In here, it's been in the mid and high 40s
17:00day after day.
17:02And managing that can be quite tricky
17:04with interesting results.
17:06So something like the cucumbers
17:07haven't minded the heat at all.
17:09They're fine as long as they get enough water.
17:12I should harvest some.
17:14So let's have a couple for lunch.
17:16That will do.
17:17That one is a nice small variety
17:19called Passandra.
17:21The squashes,
17:22also a member of the cucurbit family,
17:24have really done well.
17:26I've watered these probably twice,
17:28maybe three times a week.
17:30They're absolutely incredible.
17:31But what we're aiming at are really good fruits.
17:35Now, each plant, I think,
17:37can cope with three fruits and no more.
17:40So at this stage,
17:42you want to start cutting back.
17:44Now, the first thing to do
17:45is to cut back foliage that's blocking light.
17:47So we can see there's a fruit there.
17:49That looks really nice.
17:50So if I take that out
17:53and that out.
17:57And of course,
17:57what that's doing
17:58is letting light onto it.
18:00And that will help the ripening process.
18:02Now, you can see
18:17I've got masses of flowers.
18:19I haven't got very many fruits.
18:21But in order to have a fruit,
18:23you need a flower.
18:24So if I cut all the flowers off now,
18:26I won't get any more fruits.
18:28So I'm going to leave the flowers for the moment
18:30and see how they fruit.
18:33And then when I've got three per plant,
18:35I'll cut all the rest off
18:36and keep cutting them off.
18:37And the reason you do that
18:39is because flowers take energy.
18:41The plant wants to produce
18:43as many fruits as possible
18:44to maximise the opportunities
18:47of producing seed
18:48and therefore more plants.
18:50So by limiting the amount of flowers,
18:53we are focusing all the plant's energy
18:55into developing the fruits that it has.
19:00I've been away for a couple of weeks.
19:04And while I was away,
19:05someone very kindly watered
19:06the greenhouses for me.
19:08And on that side,
19:09because the tomatoes were younger,
19:11they didn't water so much.
19:13Over on this side of the greenhouse,
19:14bigger plants,
19:15they thought they needed more water.
19:16They watered every day.
19:18And that was too much water.
19:20And the result is this.
19:22You'll see these tomato fruits
19:25are horribly blackened.
19:27But they have one feature
19:29which is common to all of them.
19:31The discolouration is all
19:33at the bottom of the fruit,
19:35which is where the flower was.
19:38And this is called blossom end rot.
19:40And it's really quite common.
19:43This is very dramatic.
19:44This is the worst example I've ever seen.
19:47But sometimes it's just a general browning,
19:49a stain at the bottom of the fruit.
19:51And it's caused by lack of calcium.
19:55And it's not that there isn't enough calcium in the soil.
19:58But if you have too much water,
20:00it inhibits the plant from taking up that calcium.
20:03To make life complicated,
20:05if you have too little water,
20:06you can also get it.
20:07It's not something that's going to spread
20:09because it's caused by the cells collapsing.
20:12However, it's really easy to fix.
20:14Just change the watering regime
20:15twice a week,
20:17a good soak,
20:18and that's almost always enough
20:20for any tomato.
20:41Although we're in the middle of summer,
20:42it is important to start planning ahead
20:46and sowing seeds for autumn and winter veg.
20:51There are a few salad-y type crops
20:54that I always grow,
20:56which grow best in spring and in autumn
20:59and even in winter.
21:00And amongst them I've got here,
21:02I've got chicory, radicchio.
21:04I've got fantastic pala rossa radicchio.
21:07Slightly bitter, crisp,
21:09wonderful in winter salads,
21:11and also really nice cooked.
21:12You wilt them
21:13and they're delicious.
21:16I always grow rocket.
21:17Now, rocket doesn't like hot weather,
21:19so you can imagine
21:20it would have been hopeless
21:21over the last few weeks.
21:23Finally, I've got parsley.
21:25The technique is exactly the same for all of them.
21:27So, compost into a seed tray.
21:30Chicory, this is pala rossa.
21:33Now, I'm sprinkling the seed
21:35as thinly as I can.
21:36You can, of course, sow these direct
21:39and they'll grow perfectly well,
21:41except that the ground at the moment
21:43is so dry,
21:44so you've got to water well
21:45and keep watering.
21:48And you don't need a greenhouse.
21:49You can do this perfectly well
21:50on a windowsill.
21:52Gently press them in.
21:53All I'm doing is making contact
21:55with the seed to the soil.
21:57I'm not pressing down.
21:58And they need to be covered over.
22:02And it's just a light covering
22:04which lets a little bit of light through
22:07and also lets some moisture through.
22:09A label.
22:14And this is certainly something
22:16I'd get on and sow now.
22:17I wouldn't leave this any longer.
22:19Now, that will need watering
22:20and I'm going to dip that
22:22in a tray of water,
22:23so we'll put that to one side.
22:28These need to be kept watered
22:57but not soaking wet.
22:58Just make sure they don't dry out.
22:59They should germinate
23:00in about seven to ten days' time,
23:02be ready to prick out
23:03in about three weeks' time
23:05and plant out
23:06in sort of about the middle of September.
23:10The rocket will be ready to harvest
23:11quite quickly,
23:12certainly by October, November.
23:14The chicory may well be something
23:16that you harvest in the middle of winter
23:18but I can tell you
23:19it will be very welcome.
23:20I love it.
23:22Now, one of the things
23:22I also love about gardens
23:23and gardening
23:24is that it allows
23:26for every kind
23:28of niche obsession
23:30and we went to visit
23:31one grower
23:32who certainly comes
23:33into that category
23:34in North Lincolnshire.
23:36Hello, my name is Tracy Coogan
23:47and I am obsessed
23:49with echeveria.
23:50I had an old book
23:57and it said in the old book
23:59that grey-necked echeveria
24:01soon becomes a major embarrassment
24:03due to lack of space
24:04and I stood in my little greenhouse
24:06thinking,
24:07oh, I wish I were in that position.
24:1013 years later on,
24:12I've got four large greenhouses
24:15and I'm seriously embarrassed
24:17by the lack of space.
24:26Echeveria are just
24:27the most perfect genus.
24:30Unlike other succulents,
24:33there are so many different varieties
24:35and forms within the genus.
24:37You've got plants
24:39that have hairs on the leaves,
24:40compacted rosettes,
24:42we've got shrub-type plants,
24:43we have plants
24:44that look like ornamental cabbages.
24:46They come in every colour
24:48of the rainbow
24:48from pure snowy white
24:50through blues, greens,
24:52pinks, purples, blacks.
24:54They are just
24:55the most amazing plant.
24:59This is echeveria polydonis
25:02and I would say
25:03it's possibly one of the most
25:05easily recognised plants.
25:08It's a species plant
25:09from Mexico.
25:09It's got beautiful,
25:12beautiful margins.
25:13It's tough,
25:14it's robust
25:14and it's one of the few plants
25:16that will cope with
25:17the British weather.
25:19It can manage
25:20sub-zero conditions
25:22providing it's protected
25:24from the rain
25:24and it's not wet.
25:25this is echeveria madaba.
25:32She is absolutely stunning.
25:34It's got beautiful,
25:35wavy lines.
25:37Its leaves are almost metallic
25:39and shiny
25:39and multi-turned
25:41in different lights.
25:43It picks up different hues.
25:45It's just beautiful.
25:47One of the things
25:59I love about echeveria
26:01is the ease of propagation.
26:03This method,
26:03leaf propagation,
26:04is probably the easiest
26:06of all.
26:07You need to choose
26:08leaves that are healthy
26:09and plump
26:10and simply
26:11give it
26:13a good
26:14wiggle.
26:15and the leaf
26:18will come off
26:19with a perfect
26:19C shape.
26:21Use 50% compost
26:23and 50% grit
26:24and simply
26:25lay your leaves
26:25onto the compost.
26:28And you don't need
26:28to water now
26:29until they've developed roots.
26:31The leaf cannot
26:32absorb the water
26:33without roots
26:34so adding water
26:35at this stage
26:36would just cause it to rot.
26:38Place them in a light
26:39sunny position.
26:41You can do this
26:42at any time of year
26:42but it's preferable
26:44to do it in spring.
26:44It gives the leaf
26:45time to develop
26:46a nice strong
26:46little plantlet
26:47that'll get through
26:48the following winter.
26:51And within
26:52four or five weeks
26:53they should start
26:54rooting
26:54and grow little heads
26:55that would be
26:56the perfect clone
26:57of the parent plant.
26:57This is one of the
27:06Echeveria raindrops
27:07varieties.
27:09It's a beautiful
27:09mutation
27:10that's got
27:11like little
27:12teardrops
27:12that are formed
27:13on the leaves.
27:14This form has drops
27:1552 weeks of the year.
27:17There are some forms
27:18that during the summer
27:19the drops
27:19are no longer visible
27:21and then they'll
27:21reform again
27:22in winter.
27:23Here's a beautiful
27:26plant called
27:27Echeveria skinneri.
27:28It's not something
27:29you'd associate
27:30as being Echeveria.
27:31It's got these
27:32beautiful tall stems.
27:34It grows very much
27:35like aeonium
27:36and much like aeonium
27:38you can propagate it
27:39by cutting the heads
27:41off when they get
27:42too long
27:42letting them call us
27:43over
27:43and putting them on.
27:44their needs
27:53are really
27:53really simple
27:54and basic.
27:56The only way
27:57you can really
27:57kill them
27:58is by over-watering.
27:59You need to use
28:00a really good quality
28:01potting compost
28:02and mix that
28:0350% potting compost
28:0550% grit.
28:06You need to allow
28:07the compost
28:07to dry out completely
28:09before you water
28:10them again
28:10so during summer
28:11maybe water once
28:13every week
28:13to 10 days
28:14they like
28:15a bright sunny position
28:17but would be
28:18really really happy
28:19if you could give
28:19them a little bit
28:20of afternoon shade.
28:21At the first sign
28:22of frost
28:22you need to bring
28:23them in and
28:23dry them out
28:24and allow them
28:24to go into dormancy.
28:26Once it goes cold
28:27they won't take up
28:28water so watering
28:29them is pretty much
28:31pointless.
28:34Because
28:35propagating from
28:36leaf and head cutting
28:37just doesn't produce
28:38enough plants
28:39I've started hybridising
28:40my Echeverias
28:42from seed.
28:42So last year
28:44I chose
28:45Echeveria
28:47Shaviana
28:47Peregrina
28:48and added it
28:50to a more
28:51robust plant
28:52Echeveria
28:53Cuspidata
28:54with its beautiful
28:55pointy
28:56claws.
28:58The resulting
28:58progeny.
29:00Ooh, look at that.
29:02It's really lovely
29:04with its delicate
29:04peachy turns
29:05it's lovely
29:05pink claws.
29:07For all the plants
29:07I have in the collection
29:08it's different
29:09to anything else
29:10I've thought.
29:13And another
29:14beautiful Echeveria
29:15is Echeveria
29:16linguis.
29:17People either
29:18love it or hate it
29:19there is no
29:19middle ground
29:20with it
29:20to the point
29:21where
29:22they can't
29:23stand to look
29:23at the
29:24caruncles
29:24and they find it
29:25the most disgusting
29:26stomach turning plant
29:27to other people
29:29like me
29:29who think
29:30it's amazingly
29:31beautiful
29:31and you just
29:32want to get up
29:32close and personal
29:33and look at
29:34all the fantastic
29:35patterns on the leaves.
29:36They're really good
29:40therapy
29:40it doesn't matter
29:41how you're feeling
29:42or what's happening
29:43in other parts
29:44of your life
29:45or the world
29:46you can come down
29:47to your greenhouse
29:47you can play with
29:48your plants
29:48for a few hours
29:49and you just
29:50forget everything.
29:51I now feel a bit
30:07inadequate about
30:07my own Echeverias
30:08because although
30:10they're lovely
30:10and really interesting
30:11and incidentally
30:12very easy to look
30:13after because as
30:14Tracy so brilliantly
30:15pointed out
30:16if they're not growing
30:17they don't need water
30:18and they don't need
30:19much water anyway
30:20they're wonderfully
30:21adapted to neglect
30:24if you like.
30:26Now this is a yew hedge
30:29that I planted
30:30from cuttings
30:31that I took
30:32some years ago
30:33deliberately to replace
30:35the box hedges
30:36that lined all the borders
30:37here in the Jewel Garden
30:38they're coming into being
30:40it's not yet
30:41what I would call
30:41a proper hedge
30:42but when I planted it
30:43they were completely
30:44individual plants
30:45they are growing together
30:46and you have to have
30:47an element of patience
30:48but the first thing
30:49I would say
30:49is don't be frightened
30:50of yew as a hedge
30:53there is this belief
30:55that it grows very slowly
30:57it's going to take ages
30:58it's not true
30:59yew grows quite fast
31:01you can see
31:02that's this year's growth
31:03there's probably
31:04about 10 inches
31:05of growth on that
31:05it's going to be
31:06a minimum of 6 inches
31:07and can be up to a foot
31:09the secret
31:10is to cut the sides
31:12nice and tight
31:13even if eventually
31:14you want it to be wider
31:15because that will
31:16encourage lateral growth
31:17so the first thing
31:18I'm going to do
31:18is just start to cut
31:19the sides back
31:20and the thing about you
31:22and it's true of holly
31:23and box as well
31:24is the harder you cut it
31:26the denser it will grow
31:28and one of the measures
31:29of a compact hedge
31:30particularly a low one
31:31is so you can put
31:31your cup of tea
31:32with a saucer on it
31:33and it will balance
31:35like a shelf
31:35when you're cutting
31:42an evergreen hedge
31:43like yew
31:44it's best to do it
31:46between August
31:47and even November
31:49and that way
31:51they also will stay sharp
31:52really well into May
31:54and I would stress
31:56these have not been
31:57watered or fed ever
31:59what I do is mulch them
32:01in spring
32:02and that's been it
32:03now
32:06having done that
32:08and been along
32:09I can now think about
32:11doing the top
32:13I need to also do the inside
32:14but there's much less growth
32:16on that
32:16because that is north facing
32:18and you've got other plants
32:20so there's very little light
32:21getting to it
32:22so therefore it's not
32:22growing so well
32:23now when it comes to the top
32:25hip height is about right
32:27you can put a string
32:29you can get a level
32:30you can aim to get it
32:31dead right
32:32at this stage of its growth
32:33I just want to get
32:34a line
32:35and I can do that by eye
32:37so if I just
32:38go across like this
32:39and I can level it up
32:41a bit later
32:42that's very rough
32:53but it's early days
32:55it'll be another
32:56two or three years
32:57before that's a solid hedge
32:58and just remember
32:59all this came from cuttings
33:02so worth doing
33:03now at Chelsea this year
33:07I did my first show garden
33:08I say I did my first show garden
33:10it was very much
33:12a team effort
33:12and the key person
33:15who worked with me
33:16throughout this
33:17was Jamie Butterworth
33:18and we both agreed
33:20from day one
33:21we wanted it
33:22to be permanently
33:23placed a Battersea
33:25dogs and cats home
33:26and we're joining Jamie now
33:28as he's finishing off
33:30with the planting
33:30and preparing
33:32for its grand opening
33:33helping to bring
33:43Monty's RHS
33:44and BBC Radio 2
33:46dog garden design
33:47to life
33:47at Chelsea this year
33:48was an absolute honour
33:50for me as a plantsman
33:51it was a huge whirlwind
33:54of a project
33:55that got lots
33:57of attention
33:57it was an emotional
33:59rollercoaster
33:59and I loved
34:00every minute of it
34:02but the story
34:04of this garden
34:05is far from over
34:06the RHS
34:07and Monty
34:08were so passionate
34:09this garden brings
34:10as much joy
34:11to as many dogs
34:12as possible
34:13which is why
34:15it's coming here
34:16Battersea Dogs and Cats
34:18home in central London
34:19has been rescuing
34:20rehabilitating
34:21and reharing animals
34:23ever since 1860
34:25the operation
34:27to transfer
34:28the show garden
34:29from Chelsea
34:30to its forever home
34:31here
34:31has been going on
34:32for six weeks
34:33and now
34:34its royal
34:35grand opening
34:36is just five days away
34:38and I think
34:41we're in a pretty
34:43good place
34:44all the major
34:46structural bits
34:47from the garden
34:48at Chelsea
34:48are now here
34:49so all the trees
34:50have now been moved over
34:52the hard landscaping
34:53is all in
34:54so these are all the bricks
34:55that made the path
34:56at Chelsea
34:56we've redesigned it slightly
34:58because we needed to have
34:59a entrance area
35:02that the dogs
35:02could actually go onto
35:03in the first place
35:04and then on
35:05and into the garden
35:06the hedge
35:07that was at the back
35:07of the garden
35:08is now in
35:08and actually
35:09is doing a really
35:10important job
35:11because just a metre
35:12behind that hedge
35:13is a railway line
35:14it's really important
35:16to try and screen that
35:17out from the dogs
35:18over at the back
35:20of the garden
35:20we've got the most
35:21incredible team
35:22of volunteers
35:23from back to sea
35:24planting away
35:25but I reckon
35:26today
35:26maybe tomorrow
35:27we'll get those all in
35:29the garden at Chelsea
35:33was essentially
35:34a stage set
35:34a representation
35:36of a dog friendly
35:38domestic garden
35:39Monty wanted features
35:41that would suit dogs
35:42like the wallow
35:43plenty of shade
35:44and a nice thick lawn
35:46but it was on a scale
35:47and in a style
35:48to suit a typical back garden
35:50and a typical family
35:52we originally thought
35:55we'd be able
35:57to pretty much
35:58transpose the design
36:00from Chelsea
36:01into the garden
36:02here at Battersea
36:02but this is
36:05not only a completely
36:06different space
36:07but has completely
36:09different requirements
36:10here at Battersea
36:13to replace
36:13a simple patch
36:15of plastic grass
36:16the home
36:17wanted a place
36:18where the vulnerable
36:19rescued dogs
36:21get a chance
36:21to be outside
36:22amongst plants
36:23to explore
36:24and to feel safe
36:26I reckon
36:27we can do
36:28a clump of amistad
36:29here
36:29I reckon
36:30we can do
36:31a clump of amistad
36:32here
36:32and a clump of amistad
36:33here
36:34if we get the
36:34key structural bits
36:35in
36:35a clump of amistad
36:36here
36:37if we get the
36:37key structural bits
36:38in
36:38first
36:39so I've been working first so I've been working closely with bats is lead
36:47horticulture can closely with bats is lead horticulturalist Dawn Richards to
36:52make sure this is a garden that really fits their brief Dawn why is this garden
36:58so important to the dogs here well as you've probably seen it's a really
37:04urbanized environment here you know it's very built up and the dogs that are in
37:10kennels whilst we do provide the best enrichment and the very best care we can
37:15shelter life can be quite one-dimensional so it's great for them to be able to get
37:20out experience sort of green spaces come into contact with nature and just sort of
37:25be able to make that sort of freedom of choice to explore I garden in a very
37:30different way to how I would say in my own home and when I place plants when I
37:34put plants in the ground in an area here I'm really thinking about how the dogs
37:38are going to interact in that space you know they're a lot lower to the ground
37:42than us so they're going to navigate through the garden differently and the
37:47enrichment benefits that they're going to gain from it is from touch is from you
37:52know the aromatics the smell so you're gonna select the oregano absolutely and
37:56you know like if you like that's really powerful for a dog you know we think an
38:02awful lot about mindfulness about coming into contact with nature and how
38:07intrinsic that is for our own well-being but equally so you know with dogs they
38:12they enjoy and need the same enrichment in terms of well-being that's massive you
38:18know massive to see if we're going in the right direction it's time to put the new
38:26garden to the test with the help of the canine residents themselves first up is
38:32Jasper he is picking his way through me and smelling which is really lovely to see
38:43he's using it exactly how we hoped dogs would use it he's getting the benefit of
38:49this environment but not free running burning off energy but engaging his brain and having a
38:56little nibble which is really really incredible to see if you've got a dog at home and you're
39:02wanting to try and replicate a bit of this what would your advice be I'd say you know if you can
39:08don't be so precious about your gardens allow your dog to to use it place your most precious plants
39:15maybe to the back of the borders where the dogs won't necessarily you know walk on them or flatten
39:20them but also you know think about what dogs want from nature what they look for in nature they love
39:26a bit of shade maybe you know some water that could be a small child's paddling pool it could be you know a
39:33large bowl of fresh water every day I'm right in saying there are particular colors that are best for
39:40dogs so that dogs can see yeah well dogs see on the blue and yellow spectrum so those are the colors
39:45that they can actually visually see you know things like marigolds and asters visually they
39:50will see them so it does give them a little bit more of a dynamic next to road test the new space Harold
40:04Harold again is doing exactly what you were talking about is he's using the garden he's got a lot to
40:15explore and he's taking it really slow it's it's so lovely to see genuinely Harold as we can see is
40:22you know a slightly more subdued character to Jasper and just watching him moving through the garden
40:28he's gaining confidence and this garden will will provide that resource for so many of our dogs
40:34that are quite vulnerable of feeling a little bit you know in a new environment and unsure and then
40:40you give them something that's totally natural and and as close to nature as you can get and and they're
40:45going to use that and that's going to really really help them with their journey through the shelter
40:51into a new home these are the moments that you really realize what you do has a massive impact it's
40:58quite emotional it's a dream come true to know that this is here now for these dogs the legacy of
41:06the garden here at backseat is something that's close to many people's hearts which is why its
41:12official opening is being done by her majesty the Queen so the day before the royal visit Monty arrives to
41:21give it the final month over Jamie I got here at last nice how are you Monty I'm fine I'm fine I'm
41:29looking around I'm relieved the planting looks good the gardens been open tomorrow by the Queen so we had
41:36a hard deadline and ultimately what I'd have loved to have done is cut back a lot of these plants as we
41:41plant them horticulturally it would have been so much better to give them a complete Chelsea chop Hampton hack
41:47and let them try and root down a little bit but we needed to look full it wouldn't be Monty if he
41:56didn't want a couple of tweaks but actually seeing the garden in situ here at backseat feels absolutely
42:05right to me this is just it's morphed it's just shifted it's just sort of flowed across the Thames and
42:13and arrived here and had taken up a different shape and obviously the final piece of this jukesaw
42:19will be her majesty coming tomorrow and opening it up and then I sort of feel fine off you go that's
42:25your life now it's closure yeah it's like a ship just sailing away you know and it's it leaves you and
42:30I've done a few Chelsea Gardens and we've relocated all of them but this is I think this is the most
42:37authentic nicest will it's going to have such a legacy seeing the garden come to its final resting
43:04place was deeply satisfied Jamie and I had worked on it over the past year so intensely for about two or
43:11three months we spoke over the phone about four times a day and went over every detail every conceivable
43:17square inch we both knew intimately and then for the Queen to come and open the garden and for so
43:25many people and dogs of course to so obviously get pleasure from it was very satisfying and knowing
43:33that that gun is going to live on for years to come is a really good way to conclude my involvement
43:39with it back to reality and this area here which is really one big bed is dominated by species roses
43:49and the thing about species roses and I love them is that they all have small flowers tend to be single
43:55they tend to flower earlier in the year just once they don't repeat flower they flower on old wood so
44:02the wood that's grown the previous year and they tend to very often be quite big you can see although
44:08I pruned these last year a bit they're really big as roses go and I like that however they do need some
44:15pruning and some control and now is the time to do it because if you prune them in winter like normal
44:21shrub roses the new growth won't carry any flowers so when you prune go as low as you can and take the
44:29oldest material out so if you can see in here I've got a nice old bit there if I take that like that
44:38I don't know if I can get it out in one go here we go
44:44see what I've got and I can hold this up
44:48that's always a whole rose brush on its own the stems
44:51now that's a new stem I could have cut there and that would have been fine
44:56this is what will bear next year's flowers if I'd left it on this year's new growth
45:01so that's what we want to leave plenty of behind all this older stuff that can be chopped up
45:07and it could go on the compost heap now
45:17anything that's got flowers on it is not going to flower next year so I can take that back like that
45:28that can come out
45:31so let's go right down low I can just see a slight bud if I go above that it will regrow from that point
45:45I've taken off about half the plant and what I've left is going to give me flowers next year now this is not
46:02its final size I want it to be bigger than this
46:06but that gives room for it to grow and I don't prune these every year
46:10at most every other year and actually on average about every three years by and large
46:16that is it that's all you need to do every three years your work is done
46:19we're going to go to one of your gardens now it belongs to simon farrell who lives not very far
46:25from here in herefordshire and I think you'll find it's rather a special place
46:41in herefordshire well 25 years ago I started to turn this into a nature reserve and a wildflower garden
47:12and basically it's evolved over that time every year being slightly different from the year before
47:21but unfortunately I now have this motor neuron disease so I rely very much on family and friends
47:30to help keep the pathways open down through the orchard and anyway follow me
47:41this border which is right outside the cottage is really a starting off the herb herb garden
48:01uh and uh you can see the same and the apple mint and I've just added occasional garden plants as well
48:12but this year this tall thin mallow has appeared and this is the exciting thing about wildflower gardens
48:26is that you never know what's going to come up and it's such a surprise when I see these plants and flowers I think of those marvelous lines by William Blake
48:41I think to see the world in a grain of sand and heaven in a wildflower
48:50is to hold the universe in the palm of your hand and eternity in
48:57I think to see the world in an hour I think it's right maybe not
49:13I think to see the world in a grain of sand in a grain of sand in a grain of sand in a grain of sand
49:16yes a pond is central part of a wildlife garden
49:20and to have dragonflies come to your pond it's just it's just sort of wonderful beyond belief
49:34and there's so many different types and colors and forms and the way they hover and hunt oh there's a
49:44newt i've just seen a newt
49:56and before long the whole afternoon will have drifted by
50:14and my mind is full of the wonder of your tomorrow
50:26and my mind is full of the wonder of your tomorrow
50:34thank you simon thank you for sharing your garden with us
50:57now this is a philadelphus a mock orange and until about three weeks ago was a cloud of white flowers
51:08with some of the most distinctive fragrance you could get in the garden
51:12i don't have a wonderful sense of smell but just walking down here you'd be bathed in this wonderful
51:18wonderful scent so i want more and the best way to get more is to take cuttings so if i go down there
51:26and take that now obviously that is too long for a cutting so i'm going to divide it up
51:33i could probably divide it into three actually go one and then
51:38just cutting there two and as ever with cuttings bring a polythene bag and pop them in even if you're
51:49going to go straight away to deal with them it's going to help the longevity and longevity is what
51:55it's all about so we've got those
52:09i've got these cuttings in the bag and now the important thing to do is to process them
52:27as quickly as you can have compost ready that has got a lot of perlite sand or grit in it
52:34you need drainage you don't need nutrition at this stage it's much more important
52:39that they have good drainage so that's ready i've got these ready i've got a knife to hand
52:45and now we can take them out this is the top and you can see already that is very soft and it's worth
52:52pointing out the definition of a softwood cutting is can you bend it is it soft enough to bend back on
52:57itself so if i just took that top it would be a softwood cutting softwood cuttings strike very easily
53:04however they die very quickly this though has got a base that is firmer and you can see that if i tried
53:11to bend that it's flexible but it can't bend on itself so it's semi-ripe they're slower to take but
53:18they're pretty reliable they're less prone to dying back so i need to reduce the leaves
53:28now these leaves would lose moisture and if the plant loses too much moisture it'll die
53:36before it has a chance to grow roots and if it doesn't have roots it can't take up any more moisture
53:42it's a very simple equation so i've just left a few little leaves on the top clean it off by cutting
53:48below a node now a node is simply a fancy name for where the leaves join and if you cut just below the
53:55node the sharp knife that's the place where roots are most likely to form now i need that make a hole
54:04so i've sunk it in nice and deep this one i'll take the leaves off and that can go in
54:18take these off
54:24this is a more woody one
54:25water that and put it somewhere protected from direct hot sunlight and being too wet or too windy
54:41i will not touch these until next spring however i'm really confident that what i'll get next year
54:50is this because what i have here a tray of philadelphus that i took as cuttings this time
54:56last year and you can see the result is and they've been potted on into their own separate pots
55:01really nice healthy plants now if you were to buy that in a garden center you would be looking
55:07in excess of 10 pounds and maybe as much as twice that i will probably plant these next spring
55:13uh when they will be up here and they'll be have a good root system nice big pot
55:21and it's cost me absolutely nothing and if that doesn't make you want to take a cutting then i
55:25don't know what will however even if cuttings aren't your bag here are your jobs for this weekend
55:31at this time of year plants grown in a container will need a bit of a boost in order to go on
55:48performing at their very best i'm using a homemade comfrey tea but i can recommend liquid seaweed too
55:54which you can buy at any garden center don't be tempted to mix it up stronger than the recommended
56:00dosage and you only need to feed once a week and this will make all the difference in the coming months
56:12we tend to focus on the water needs of plants at times of heat and drought but don't forget
56:18wildlife a whole range of wildlife in your garden must have water too and especially birds at this
56:26time of year so if you don't have a bird bath get a container raise it up out of reach of any
56:32predators and make sure it's topped up with fresh water daily
56:43because of the intense heat and drought of this summer many of us have plants that look burnt to a
56:50frazzle i'm afraid there's nothing to do but to cut them back hard
56:57if you can give them a good soak they may well regrow this summer but even if they don't
57:03they'll be healthy and grow back next year as though nothing has happened
57:07one of the the major events in the garden this year is is the rejigging of the jewel garden stripped
57:21it out last winter gradually been replanting it throughout spring and into summer and it's been
57:27quite tricky because of the weather but some things have come really good and the heleniums are just
57:33beginning to take off this is sahin's early they epitomize everything we're trying to do in the jewel
57:39garden which is about richness and intensity and those velvety colors and you know the caramel and the
57:47orange and the burgundy that comes through is exactly the right tone and bees love it too it's just a joy
58:03so
58:13well that's it for today i think on reflection we have to learn to adapt as gardeners
58:23climate's changing how our gardens are growing is changing how we garden is changing
58:29but we can still whatever the weather have beautiful productive gardens and that's to be celebrated
58:37and next week you're with adam and i'll see you back here at long meadow
58:41in a couple of weeks time so until then bye
58:58you
59:11you