A humilhação de 1996 que impulsionou a China ao espaço

O Gato Laranja

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A "humilhação" de 1996, quando mísseis chineses perderam o sinal do GPS americano, impulsionou a China a desenvolver seu próprio sistema de navegação por satélite, o Beidou. Após mais de duas décadas de investimento bilionário, o Beidou oferece cobertura global e é crucial para aplicações civis e militares. Essa independência tecnológica é vista como uma vitória estratégica que transformou um revés em uma vantagem geopolítica para a China.

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00:00The 1996 humiliation that propelled China into space

00:04Source, air power

00:06The story behind China's rise as a space power is fascinating,

00:12and often, great strategic shifts arise from moments of vulnerability.

00:18A particularly embarrassing episode during the Taiwan Strait missile crisis,

00:22in 1996, served as an incentive for Beijing's decision to build

00:27its own satellite navigation and positioning system.

00:32The revelation came from a retired officer of the People's Liberation Army, PLA,

00:37who described the incident as a

00:38unforgettable humiliation for the Chinese armed forces.

00:42That year, tensions between Beijing and Taipei were high,

00:46fueled by the proposal of the then Taiwanese president, Li Tenghui,

00:50to treat relations with China on a state-to-state basis.

00:53In response, the PLA conducted a large-scale military exercise,

00:59launching three missiles into the East China Sea,

01:02near the Quirinon military base, as a clear warning to Taiwan.

01:06The first missile hit the target accurately,

01:09but the other two mysteriously disappeared from the radar.

01:13Chinese military analysis pointed to a likely and alarming cause,

01:18US interference with the GPS system signal.

01:21At that time, China relied solely on GPS,

01:26a technology controlled by the American government,

01:29which has the ability to limit its use for strategic reasons.

01:34It was a great shame for the PLA.

01:37We learned the hard way that we could not depend on foreign systems,

01:41vented the retired colonel, whose name was not revealed.

01:46Beidou has become a national necessity, no matter the cost.

01:49From that point on, Beijing invested heavily in developing its own system, Beidou.

01:57It currently operates with more than 30 satellites and offers global coverage.

02:02Interestingly, China even considered joining the European Galileo Program,

02:07but gave up due to the slow progress of the project.

02:11Since the early 2010s,

02:13Beidou has been instrumental in both civilian and military applications.

02:18For the PLA, the system represents an essential strategic pillar,

02:22enabling precision navigation for aircraft, ships and cruise missiles,

02:27even in electronic warfare environments,

02:29without any dependence on Western infrastructure.

02:33Analysts are unanimous in pointing out that the Chinese Air Force and Navy

02:37are the biggest beneficiaries of this technological independence.

02:40According to Andrei Chan, editor of the renowned Canva Defense Review magazine,

02:46the Chinese system offers greater reliability and effectiveness in the navigation and positioning of armed forces,

02:52a crucial factor in conflict scenarios.

02:55Today, China also has other advanced tracking tools,

02:59such as the Yuanvan vessel, specialized in monitoring missiles and satellites.

03:04As retired General Xu Guangzhou stated,

03:08with these capabilities, the United States no longer has any possibility

03:12to interfere with dual operations using GPS.

03:16The construction of Beidou, a project that took more than two decades and billions in investment,

03:21is seen by Beijing as a quiet strategic victory.

03:26Born from a setback, this initiative turned into a competitive and deniable advantage

03:31in an increasingly contested geopolitical scenario.

03:34It's a powerful reminder of how diversity can be the mother of invention and strategic advancement.

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