I dazi dell'UE sui fertilizzanti colpiranno le casse della Russia?

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I dazi dell'UE sui fertilizzanti colpiranno le casse della Russia?

Per ridurre la sua dipendenza economica dalla Russia, l'UE ha imposto dazi più elevati sui fertilizzanti e sui prodotti agricoli. L'obiettivo è quello di ridurre le entrate russe, ma ciò potrebbe influire sui prezzi dei prodotti alimentari nell'UE, suscitando la preoccupazione degli agricoltori.

ALTRE INFORMAZIONI : http://it.euronews.com/2025/07/23/i-dazi-dellue-sui-fertilizzanti-colpiranno-le-casse-della-russia

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00:00Musica

00:13The EU continues to reduce its economic dependence on Russia.

00:18Higher tariffs are expected to be applied to fertilizers and some agricultural products.

00:23The regulation also aims to reduce Russia's economic revenues

00:28that can lead to rising food prices in the EU, which is a concern for farmers.

00:34A dilemma that we will discuss in this week's EU Decoded.

00:37The tariffs will apply to products from Russia and its neighboring ally Belarus,

00:42which has facilitated the military action against Ukraine.

00:46Russia supplies 25% of the EU's nitrogen fertilizers, worth 1.3 billion euros per year.

00:52From July 1st, these fertilizers will be subject to tariffs ranging from 6.5% this year

00:59to levels close to 100% by 2028.

01:03In addition, 50% tariffs will be imposed on agri-food products from both countries,

01:08such as meat, dairy, fruit and vegetables.

01:12European fertilizer producers are happy to have a bigger market share.

01:17However, farmers are worried that the prices of these products will increase,

01:22since Russia is a major global producer and sells them at cheaper prices.

01:27Let's hear what some Europeans think about this issue.

01:30In a matter of time, the use of chemical emissions is necessary,

01:34because without this, the production will be very limited.

01:38Now we are looking for other solutions.

01:40We are looking for organic work, for commodities and such.

01:43The important military measures,

01:46the military measures, the economic measures,

01:50the economic measures, the implementation.

01:51E quindi è pregiunto per tutte le parti, per la parte della Russia che non può mettere fertilizzanti,

02:00per la parte dei europei che necessitano di fertilizzanti e non hanno esperienza per usare.

02:04Per una compensazione, perché non possono essere i agricoltori e i consumitori a fare questo encargo.

02:12Ero News reporter Gerardo Fortuna will help us understand the impacts of these measures.

02:18The U.S. impose barriers on imports of Russian goods since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine three years ago.

02:26Why now the focus on fertilizzers?

02:29There's a strong moral and strategical rationale.

02:34Russia imposes 23.5% export tax on fertilizzers,

02:40which means that by buying these products, the U.S. is indirectly financing the war in Ukraine.

02:48And, of course, by imposing tariffs now, the main goal is to make unattractive for Russians to export these products,

02:55but also to European farmers to buy these products.

02:59The European fertilizzers sector welcomed the move, saying that they have been badly hit since the war.

03:07What is at stake for the domestic sector in terms of producing fertilizzers?

03:12The European fertilizers manufacturers are deeply concerned about the Russian imports,

03:18because, of course, they're cheaper, particularly the nitrogen-based ones.

03:23And despite the war, there's been an increase of imports from Russia.

03:28There's also an environmental aspect, because the production of fertilizers

03:32has roughly half of the carbon intensity of the Russian manufacturing of fertilizers.

03:39So, by importing these fertilizers from Russia, we also drive emissions up.

03:43On the other hand, farmers are worried.

03:46Why are they so worried?

03:48And can the European Commission assume some mitigation measures for them?

03:53You have to balance the geostrategical interest with the real things that farmers are suffering.

04:00Of course, by imposing tariffs, you distort the market,

04:03and you eventually drive prices up.

04:06There are some mitigation measures at the moment they're not considered good enough

04:11by European farmers to cope with the expected increase of prices.

04:18The most likely scenario is that actually farmers will be squeezed by the increase in production costs

04:24and the impossibility to raise the final price for consumers.

04:29Europe remains highly import-dependent.

04:32For nitrogen fertilizers, imports accounts for 32% of demand.

04:37To reduce the risk of price spikes, the EU could reduce tariffs on other fertilizer suppliers,

04:43such as the US and countries in North Africa and Central Asia.

04:46Finally, the tariffs will not affect the transit of fertilizers and agri-food exports

04:51from Russia and Belarus to third countries,

04:53in order to avoid disruption of supplies, especially to developing countries.

04:58Our guest is MEP Enese Vaidere from Center-Right EPP Group and rapporteur on this regulation.

05:06Will the EU fertilizers producers have enough time to ramp up their production

05:12in order to meet demand and to avoid price spike of these products?

05:18You know, our fertilizers producers in European Union already now have lost a lot of their plants.

05:27They stopped their activities due to these cheap imports from Russia.

05:32And now, as we calculated, there's at least 3 million tons spare capacity over the 8 million tons,

05:40which has been exported to other countries.

05:44If something happens, we can also turn to another mitigation sources,

05:52for example, to lift some export and import duties from another country.

05:56Farmers see rising food prices in terms of their own production.

06:03So, can this be avoided or offset somehow?

06:07Commission is obliged to monitor every month prices, because prices, this is also our interest.

06:15You, me, you are paying for agricultural products, and if the prices rise, we will be paying more.

06:22So, commission is obliged to monitor every month and to do something if this price increase will be dramatic.

06:31This could be subsidies or other types of support?

06:33Could be subsidies.

06:34From the beginning of the war already, if I am not mistaken, some 500 billion euros have been spent already to help the farmers.

06:47Commission knows what to do.

06:49The U.S. recently decided to cut all Russian fuel imports by 2028.

06:55Should the U.S. think about other ways in order to choke Russia's economy?

07:02You know, in my eyes, we have to do much more.

07:07And I am enthusiastic, and I provided also the plan for the European Commission how to confiscate the sources of Russian assets,

07:17which are mostly in Belgium's bank.

07:20Now we can use for Ukraine only profit from these assets, but confiscation of these assets could help Ukraine more.

07:27Wonderful. Thank you very much, madam.

07:29Gas is an essential ingredient for fertilizer production, so the U is indirectly targeting this Russian asset as well.

07:38However, Russian is the world's largest producer of fertilizers, with its main markets being Brazil, India, the U.S., China and Indonesia.

07:47Even so, for the EU, these are not only economic imperatives, but also ethical ones, given the war in Ukraine.

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