Abdominal Pain, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.

ExpHub - Prashant Kirad

Abdominal Pain, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.  Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues.  Common causes of pain in the abdomen include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome.[2] About 15% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, or ectopic pregnancy.[2] In a third of cases the exact cause is unclear.[2]   Given that a variety of diseases can cause some form of abdominal pain, a systematic approach to the examination of a person and the formulation of a differential diagnosis remains important.    The most frequent reasons for abdominal pain are gastroenteritis (13%), irritable bowel syndrome (8%), urinary tract problems (5%), inflammation of the stomach (5%) and constipation (5%). In about 30% of cases, the cause is not determined. About 10% of cases have a more serious cause including gallbladder (gallstones or biliary dyskinesia) or pancreas problems (4%), diverticulitis (3%), appendicitis (2%) and cancer (1%).[2] More common in those who are older, mesenteric ischemia and abdominal aortic aneurysms are other serious causes.[3]

Transcript

00:00Today's topic is abdominal pain. Abdominal pain refers to discomfort that is felt in the space

00:06between the chest and groin. The abdomen houses many vital organs, including the stomach,

00:13liver, kidneys, pancreas, small and large bowel, appendix, gallbladder, spleen,

00:22and reproductive organs. It also contains muscles and some major blood vessels.

00:27Discomfort in any organ or part of the abdomen can lead to pain that radiates throughout the

00:33entire area. Almost everyone suffers from abdominal pain at some time. Most cases of

00:40abdominal pain are mild and usually not serious. Abdominal pain is also called stomach ache or tummy

00:47pain. How severe or bad the pain is doesn't always tell on the seriousness of the problem causing the

00:54pain. For example, very bad pain may be felt due to gas or stomach cramps resulting from viral

01:01gastroenteritis, while life-threatening conditions such as colon cancer or early cases of appendicitis

01:08may be accompanied by mild pain or no pain at all. Causes

01:14various factors can lead to abdominal pain. Irritable bowel syndrome. Constipation. Food intolerances. Food

01:24poisoning. Stomach flu. Appendicitis. Cancer of the stomach, colon, and other organs. Kidney stones.

01:34Ulcers. Acid reflux. Abdominal aortic aneurysm. Urinary tract infection. Indigestion. Premenstrual

01:45syndrome. Gallstones. Ruptured ovarian cyst. Pelvic inflammatory disease. Ectopic pregnancy. Cardiac

01:55conditions such as congestive heart failure. A hiatal hernia. Trauma to the stomach, bowel, spleen,

02:03liver, or kidney. Abdominal pain may arise from serious or less serious medical condition.

02:11The key is to know when you need to get medical care right away. Symptoms. The major symptom of

02:18the condition is pain. When the pain occurs, it can be sharp, dull, cramp-like, burning, stabbing,

02:27or gnawing. Be accompanied by vomiting. Radiate to other parts of the body. Be ongoing, episodic,

02:36or maybe constant. Accompanied by restlessness that you start to pace around to find just the

02:41right position. Be generalized or localized. Seek medical care if the pain is related to trauma

02:49such as accident or injury. There is a pain in the chest, neck, or shoulder. You have unexplained

02:56weight loss. It is accompanied by a stool that is black or bloody. You vomit blood. It is accompanied

03:03by a high fever over 102 degrees Fahrenheit. There is persistent nausea or vomiting. The abdomen is swollen

03:11and tender. The pain is accompanied by dizziness and a shortness of breath. There is unusual vaginal

03:18discharge. The pain is accompanied by a rash. The pain is accompanied by a loose, watery stool.

03:26Diagnosis and Treatment. The doctor may review your medical and family history. The doctor may discuss

03:32with you and ask on any previous issues or surgical procedures, drug and food allergies, any health-related

03:39behavior such as drug use, alcohol consumption, sexual activity, any family history of diseases,

03:47and clarify your current medication regimen. A physical exam may be carried out to identify

03:54physical signs to clarify the diagnosis. Physical exam such as a thorough abdominal exam,

04:01lung exam, and a cardiovascular exam. Other tests may include blood tests, urinalysis,

04:09imaging tests, such as chest and abdominal x-rays, abdominal ultrasound, CT scan of the abdomen,

04:18endoscopy. Treatments. Treatment options depend on the cause of the abdominal pain. Pain reliever will

04:26help to ease the pain. Fluid is given intravenously to correct fluid loss and rest your bowel.

04:32Medicine. Fasting may be required until the cause of the pain is known. Home treatment that may help

04:40with pain includes... Drinking plenty of fluids such as water. Placing a hot water bottle over the

04:46abdomen. Reducing the intake of coffee, tea, and alcohol. Getting plenty of rest. Exercising regularly.

04:56Eating more meals frequently.

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