L'endettement est-il justifié pour augmenter les investissements en matière de défense ?
D'abord les vaccins, puis l’essence, et maintenant, l'UE va procéder à des achats conjoints d'équipements de défense. Cette dernière urgence est due à l’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie et à la perspective d'une diminution des investissements des États-Unis dans la protection de l'Europe.
00:00C'est parti, les vaccins, les gaz, et maintenant l'EU va faire les achats jointes de l'équipe de l'équipe de l'équipe.
00:19La dernière emergency est de l'évasion de l'Ukraine et de la protection de l'U.S. en Europe.
00:27Pour accueillir les fonds nécessaires, l'EU a créé un nouveau instrument financier qui s'appelle SAFE, short for Security Action for Europe, et nous l'expliquons dans l'EU Decode.
00:38SAFE aura 150 bilion d'euros, que l'EU va recevoir sur les marchés financiers.
00:44C'est l'un des pillars du Plan de l'Ready-Nesse 2030, qui aimait mobiliser 800 bilion d'euros pour l'investissement de l'équipe de l'année de l'année.
00:53Le plan est d'augmenter la capacité de production de l'air et anti-missile défense,
00:58de l'artillerie systèmes, de missiles et de l'armure, de drones et de anti-drone systèmes,
01:04de protection de la infrastructure critiques, incluant l'espace, de mobilité, de cyber, de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'électronique.
01:12Each one of the 27 member states will be able to borrow from this fund and they can enter into partnerships with other member states.
01:20We'll talk more about those partnerships later, but for now let's hear what Europeans think about more investment in defense.
01:28Every country needs a minimum of development, but also on the
01:51la plus urgent à face dans l'Italie ou dans l'Europe.
01:56Oui, je suis d'accord.
01:59Pourquoi ?
02:00Parce que nous devons aussi se vendre.
02:06Et nous avons le danger dans les portes.
02:09L'aéronieuse défense reporter Alice Taidi
02:12a couvert cette régulation.
02:14Quelle est la situation
02:16concernant la production de l'équipe militaire
02:19et la production de l'UE ?
02:21Et comment peut-on jouer la ronde ?
02:23La guerre en Ukraine et l'Université de l'Université de Kiev
02:26a réglédié la dépendance et la déficience
02:29de l'EU industrie d'industrie
02:30et d'être capable de être percourgés
02:34à une guerre conventionnelle.
02:36SAFE est en train de faire
02:38la base de l'armure européenne
02:41et d'unisme stratégique
02:43ainsi que l'industrie devient moins fragmented
02:47et plus rapide à produire, et nos armes, plus crucially,
02:51ont devenu plus interoperable.
02:53Et bien sûr, c'est aussi à mettre les prix des prix.
02:56Les pays sont-ils intéressés dans ce fonds,
02:58et comment est-il relate-t-il aux limites fiscales
03:02par le Stabilité et Growth Pacte ?
03:05Donc, beaucoup de membres-states qui ont moins de crédit
03:08que les commissions, peuvent très bien être intéressés à utiliser SAFE.
03:11C'est le cas de Latvia, par exemple, qui a dit qu'ils veulent utiliser le fonds.
03:15So, the EU rules plan for deficits to not exceed 3% of GDP
03:20for each member-state, but this plan is saying
03:22we're going to allow you to exceed that amount by 1.5% annually,
03:27provided that 1.5% extra spending is only on defence.
03:32About more than half of member-states have requested the activation
03:36with the commission.
03:38Usually, these regulations are approved by the council,
03:42which represents the member-states, and by the European Parliament.
03:45Why, this time, MEPs were excluded from the process,
03:49and how did they react?
03:51So, the commission decided to invoke Article 122 of the treaty.
03:56This can only be invoked in case of severe difficulties
03:59in obtaining certain items,
04:01or if a member-state is seriously threatened
04:04with severe difficulties caused by natural disaster
04:07or by exceptional occurrences beyond its control.
04:10The Legal Affairs Committee of the Parliament decided, however,
04:14that this was not the right strategy or the right legal basis
04:17for this legislation.
04:20And on their recommendation, Roberta Mazzola,
04:23the president of the European Parliament,
04:25wrote to her counterpart in the commission, Ursula von der Leyen,
04:28saying that they would sue if they didn't change tack.
04:32To receive loans, governments have to meet certain conditions.
04:3565% of the value of each piece of military equipment
04:39must be produced in one of the EU27 member-states,
04:43Ukraine and the members of the European Free Trade Association,
04:47Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.
04:49The remaining 35% can also come from any third country around the world.
04:55In the common public procurement part,
04:57EU-candidate countries such as the Western Balkans
05:00and third countries that have bilateral security and defense partnerships
05:04like Japan, South Korea and the United Kingdom can participate.
05:09Our guest is German MEP Marie-Agnès Traker-Zimmermann
05:13from Renew Group,
05:14who chairs the European Parliament Security and Defense Committee.
05:19This financial instrument, SAFE,
05:21is based on more debt
05:23to be paid off by governments over 45 years.
05:27Is this justified and above all enough
05:31to boost European arms production?
05:35So it's a possibility for countries
05:37to find money,
05:40to buy military equipment.
05:43It's not only tanks or rockets.
05:45It's also the question
05:46to buy very important things,
05:51hybrid war, cyber war.
05:53So it's a beginning and I think it's a very good sign
05:57and what happens afterwards, we will see.
05:59We will still be dependent
06:01of imports or partnerships
06:04with other countries,
06:06be it Norway, Japan or Korea.
06:08Do you think this is the way to do the transition?
06:11I wouldn't say first Europe,
06:14but it's important if you talk to my colleagues
06:16all over the countries,
06:18you know, military equipment,
06:20it's not only a question of security.
06:21Military equipment,
06:23it's also,
06:23it's a kind of dual use.
06:25It's a kind to develop technological,
06:29really huge things
06:32and this is also important for civil things.
06:34So yes, we have to support
06:35and we have to boost Europe.
06:36United States President Trump
06:38is demanding higher contributions to NATO,
06:41which will be difficult for some member states.
06:45European Union has now this program,
06:47Rearm Europe 2030.
06:48will it be enough
06:50to convince the United States
06:52to keep its support
06:53for Europeans' defense?
06:55There is one big player
06:56and this is China.
06:58China is an observer.
07:00China will see,
07:04are they just talking about freedom and peace
