È giusto indebitarsi per aumentare gli investimenti nella difesa?
Prima i vaccini, poi il gas e ora l'UE effettuerà acquisti congiunti di attrezzature militari per la difesa. Quest'ultima emergenza è dovuta alla guerra russa in Ucraina e alla prospettiva di una riduzione degli investimenti statunitensi nella protezione dell'Europa.
ALTRE INFORMAZIONI : http://it.euronews.com/2025/06/10/e-giusto-indebitarsi-per-aumentare-gli-investimenti-nella-difesa
00:00First it was vaccines, then gas, and now the EU will make joint purchases of defense equipment.
00:19The latest emergency is due to Russia's evasion of Ukraine and possible weakening of US protection in Europe.
00:27To raise the necessary funds, the EU created a new financial instrument.
00:31It's called SAFE, short for Security Action for Europe, and we'll explain it in this EU decodent.
00:38SAFE will have 150 billion euro, which the EU will borrow on the financial markets.
00:44It is one of the pillars of the Readiness 2030 plan, which aims to mobilize 800 billion euro for defense investment by the end of the decade.
00:53The aim is to increase the production capacity of air and anti-missile defense, artillery systems, missiles and ammunition, drones and anti-drone systems, protection of critical infrastructure, including space, military mobility, cyber, artificial intelligence, and electronic warfare.
01:12Each one of the 27 member states will be able to borrow from this fund and they can enter into partnerships with other member states.
01:20We'll talk more about those partnerships later, but for now let's hear what Europeans think about more investment in defense.
01:28Jedes Land braucht ein Minimum an Entwicklung, auch auf Rüstungsebene.
01:33Wenn es aber darum geht, jetzt wieder so ein Wettrüsten zu initiieren, dann bin ich nicht dafür.
01:38Ich bin sehr für eine gemeinsame europäische Verteidigungsanstrengung, aber die einzelnen Budgets kann man auch in den Nationalstaaten lassen.
01:47Und vor allen Dingen muss man dafür keine Schulden aufnehmen.
01:49Ich bin sehr für eine gemeinsame europäische Verteidigungsanstrengung, denn ich glaube, dass wir in Italien wie in Europa haben.
01:56Ich bin sehr für ein Wettbewerb.
02:26Ich bin sehr für ein Wettbewerb.
02:56Which countries are showing interest in this fund and how does it relate to the fiscal deficit limits imposed by the Stability and Growth Pact?
03:05So many of the member states who have lower credit ratings than the Commission may very well be interested in using SAFE.
03:11This is the case of Latvia, for instance, which has said it wants to use the funds.
03:15So the EU rules planned for deficits to not exceed 3% of GDP for each member state.
03:21But this plan is saying we're going to allow you to exceed that amount by 1.5% annually, provided that 1.5% extra spending is only on defence.
03:32About more than half of member states have requested the activation with the Commission.
03:38Usually these regulations are approved by the Council, which represents the member states, and by the European Parliament.
03:45Why this time MEPs were excluded from the process and how did they react?
03:51So the Commission decided to invoke Article 122 of the Treaty.
03:56This can only be invoked in case of severe difficulties in obtaining certain items or if a member state is seriously threatened with severe difficulties caused by natural disaster or by exceptional occurrences beyond its control.
04:10The Legal Affairs Committee of the Parliament decided, however, that this was not the right strategy or the right legal basis for this legislation.
04:20And on their recommendation, Roberta Mazzola, the President of the European Parliament, wrote to her counterpart in the Commission, Ursula von der Leyen,
04:28saying that they would sue if they didn't change tax.
04:32To receive loans, governments have to meet certain conditions.
04:3565% of the value of each piece of military equipment must be produced in one of the EU27 member states, Ukraine and the members of the European Free Trade Association, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.
04:49The remaining 35% can also come from any third country around the world.
04:54In the common public procurement part, EU candidate countries such as the Western Balkans and third countries that have bilateral security and defense partnerships like Japan, South Korea and the United Kingdom can participate.
05:08Our guest is German MEP, Marie-Agnes Strach-Zimmermann, from Renew Group, who chairs the European Parliament, Security and Defense Committee.
05:19This financial instrument, SAFE, is based on more debt to be paid off by governments over 45 years.
05:28Is this justified and above all enough to boost European arms production?
05:34So it's a possibility for countries to find money, to buy military equipment.
05:43It's not only tanks or rockets.
05:45It's also the question to buy very important things, hybrid war, cyber war.
05:54So it's a beginning and I think it's a very good sign and what happens afterwards we will see.
05:59We will still be dependent on imports or partnerships with other countries, be it Norway, Japan or Korea.
06:08Do you think this is the way to do the transition?
06:11I wouldn't say first Europe, but it's important if you talk to my colleagues all over the countries, you know, military equipment.
06:20It's not only a question of security, military equipment, it's also a kind of dual use.
06:25It's a kind to develop technological, really huge things and this is also important for civil things.
06:34So yes, we have to support and we have to boost Europe.
06:36United States President Trump is demanding higher contributions to NATO, which will be difficult for some member states.
06:44The European Union has now this program, Rearm Europe 2030.
06:49Will it be enough to convince the United States to keep its support for Europeans' defense?
06:55There is one big player and this is China.
06:58China is an observer.
07:00China will see, are they just talking about freedom and peace or are they really ready to defend their freedom and peace?
07:10If Ukraine lost this war, if we are not able to pay more, to do more, then it's easy to say for China are common.
07:16They are just talking.
07:18And so I think that we have to work together all over the world, not only here and there.
07:25And I'm optimistic that the President of the United States will realize what we are now starting to do.
07:32In addition to this financial instrument, the EU has plans to raise more money.
07:36The European Commission proposed to use the cohesion funds intended for regional development.
07:42The European Investment Bank will also try to mobilize private money for the first time for this area.
07:49It remains to be seen whether the European Union will have the financial capacity to face the new security challenges.
