- 6/10/2025
Mumbai, June 10, 2025 (ANI): SVR Srinivas, the Chief Executive Officer of the Dharavi Redevelopment Project (DRP), said the project is central to Mumbai's redevelopment, with an emphasis on housing and livelihoods. In an interview with ANI, Srinivas provided an in-depth overview of the project that also laid thrust on building resilient ecology and infrastructure. "The vision is slum-free Mumbai. That is the broader vision. And through that, to become slum-free Maharashtra. And it's a project of importance and central to the redevelopment of Mumbai. So it is also a step towards slum-free India. That is the vision," he said." The motto is housing for all. Nobody should be left out in the process as far as housing is concerned. It is the most inclusive Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) project ever undertaken in India," he added. The Dharavi Redevelopment Project is a major urban renewal initiative for country's financial capital. The project aims to transform Dharavi area, Asia's largest slum, into a modern, integrated township. Srinivas emphasised the government's unwavering commitment to transforming one of Asia's largest informal settlements into a sustainable and inclusive urban space. He added that the DRP is as much about preserving livelihoods as it is about providing shelter." The project is a joint venture between the Adani Group and the Government of Maharashtra. All eligible residential tenements in Dharavi, are slated to get flats with independent kitchens and toilets measuring a minimum 350 square feet (sq ft), which is 17 per cent more and the highest among slum redevelopment projects in Mumbai. The ambitious Dharavi Redevelopment Project, received approval from Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis last month. The proposed master plan is an attempt to build on the existing characteristics of Dharavi and create a world-class district for Dharavikars and reimagine a new heart for Mumbai.
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00:00So the vision is slum-free Mumbai. That is the broader vision. So it is also a step towards
00:07slum-free India. So that is the vision. Housing for all is the motto. Nobody should be left out
00:13in the process as far as housing is concerned. Such a project has never ever taken place
00:17in our redevelopment history or urban history anywhere in India.
00:21Dharavi is a bubbling economy and a thriving economy. More than 1 billion US dollars of
00:27business happens there. So the vision is slum-free Mumbai. That is the broader vision and through that
00:37to become slum-free Maharashtra and it is a project of importance and highly central to the redevelopment
00:49of Mumbai. So it is also a step towards slum-free India. So that is the vision. And your question
00:56is regarding also what is the rehabilitation plan. The plan is, you know, I will talk about
01:06the motto of this project. The motto is housing for all. So housing for all is the motto. Nobody
01:14should be left out in the process as far as housing is concerned. So it is the most inclusive
01:18new SRA project, slum rehabilitation project ever undertaken in India. And of course, it
01:25is, as I repeatedly say, it is the brownest of the brownfield projects and the world's largest
01:30urban renewal project with tremendous complexities. And the idea is to ensure that everybody gets
01:41a house. And secondly, to ensure that the livelihoods are protected. And third and finally, to ensure
01:48that everybody is onboarded in the process. Because we believe the goal is important, of course,
01:55but the process is equally important or even more important. So to bring everybody onto the
02:00same page as far as possible and to finish the project on time. So this is the overall sum and
02:06substance of the project.
02:11Sir, dharavikars are scared that they will be displaced and there will be concern of gentrification.
02:19Can you explain and address the concern of dharavikars?
02:23See, in a project of this complexity, and having a dubious distinction of having the world's
02:31longest bid process, which took almost 20 years now. So, it is but natural that people have many misgivings.
02:40If I had been resident of dharavikars, I too must be really having these misgivings. And also, there is also
02:47a lot of scepticism as to whether the project will go on or not. See, that is very, but natural.
02:54But the two points that have been raised, let me address both of them. The main, one of the main, you know,
03:01the doubts that people have is whether the project will go through. Because it has been happening for the last 20 years.
03:08It was started in late 80s, 1980s, last century. But finally work has started now. So let me assure you, let me assure the people through this channel, that the process will go through and the project will go through.
03:23And secondly, the misgivings regarding whether the people will get a house, whether he will get his livelihoods protected. I would like to assure that everybody gets a house. As I said in the beginning, housing for all is our motto.
03:42And secondly, as far as possible, and as per the government rule, guidelines and regulations, all the livelihoods will also be protected. Right? And what was the other question?
03:53You said gentrification. Yeah. See, we prepared a, this is question concerns the master plan. There should be a proper plan in black and white as to how the process will be going through. For that we have prepared a, through the SPV, prepared the master plan.
04:17The SPV has prepared a master plan. How the special distribution of the demography and the industries and factories will take place. So generally speaking, it has been observed that in redevelopment projects, especially in some rehabilitation projects, the local people are actually many times not given access to the amenities.
04:45So the question is. So the question is, is gentrification relates to access to amenities like open spaces, access to buildable amenities. Okay. But in this plan, if you see the plan, one can see open spaces are evenly distributed.
05:01And 43 to 44% of the total area, buildable area is allocated for rehabilitation. And thirdly, all the buildable amenities are also, as far as possible, we have directed the SPV to give evenly, to ensure that they get even distribution specially.
05:22If that is not done. If that is not done, there is a very possibility of ghettoization, which is, in other words, gentrification, whereby generally one, the locals are given a short shift. So that point has been addressed. And people need not worry on this count, I think.
05:41Sir, Dharavi business are more vociferous and in their opposition to DRP. What are the efforts of DRP making to ensure that interests are made care of? What do you have to say, sir?
06:02See this, it is wrong to say that in the first place that the residents of Dharavi are opposed to this project. One should look at the data. So almost about 100,000 units,
06:31whether their families or commercial structures or industries have been mapped. More than 80,000, near about 85,000 have been numbered. And similar number is number of families and industries, which have been documented.
06:52So as far as this process of onboarding the people is concerned, it has crossed the Rubicon. The project has taken off. And secondly, as we speak, the construction has also started, which is a very good thing.
07:07And the idea is to ensure that within seven years, it may take a little more. Within seven years, you have to complete the project of rehabilitation. Right? Which is a humongous task. So these are the broad parameters.
07:24But the concerns are very genuine. Given the track record of this project, which I have mentioned, it has not happened for the last four decades. But now the work has started.
07:39As I look at it, the most important part of this project is number one, housing for all, which we are giving. Number two, in fact, more importantly, the, to ensure that the livelihoods are protected. It is more of a livelihoods issue, this project. And I call this project a movement.
08:01Because such a movement. Because such a project has never ever taken place in our redevelopment history or urban history anywhere in India. So, how to ensure that? For that, we have given the government, we mean the government has given certain benefits to the project and special concessions.
08:22The most important being it has been declared as a vital public purpose project, which is very important. And all the permissions have to be given as early as possible to ensure that there is no delay.
08:35Second is, which is very interesting will be, as far as possible, most of the people or residents of Dharavi will be shifted directly to their homes. The effort is, the idea is to minimize, as much as possible, the possibility of having them in transit accommodation. So, effort is to minimize the transit accommodation.
08:57Okay? So, that is another thing which is very, very important. See, this project is as much about providing houses as about protecting their livelihoods. Dharavi is a bubbling economy and a thriving economy. More than 1 billion US dollars of business happens there. But it is all in informal sector. Why informal? Because there are no entitlements. This project will empower and entitle the residents of Dharavi to their businesses.
09:25They will come into the formal sector. They will be protected. Secondly, let us look at what are the types of businesses that are there. Dharavi is India's largest recycling machine. Okay? Recycling industry. From Tamil Nadu, you get the tanneries and the leather goods and leather manufacturing takes place here, which goes all over the country and abroad also.
09:54Third is the government sector.
09:56Third is the government sector. Government manufacturing, textile sector is very much a part of this exercise. And fourth is the food industry. And fifth is the pottery. So, very highly labour intensive industries are in this area.
10:10And the idea of the government is to ensure that these industries and manufacturing units and retail units and commercial establishments, which are highly labour intensive, are number one, not only protected, but two, they will also be expanded so that the livelihoods are protected and employment opportunities are not only expanded, but also new opportunities are generated. For that, certain concessions have begun. For instance,
10:39if an industry is resettled here, if an industry is resettled here, after redevelopment, it comes back, they will get five years of state GST refund. That is a decision of the state cabinet, headed by Honourable Chief Minister. So, these such major important decisions have been taken and it is also declared, as I said, the vital public purpose project.
10:59So, while there will be disturbance during the process, I cannot say it will be all hunky dory. And I also don't say it is the most perfect project ever. But best cannot be enemy of the good. So, whatever is happening, certain course corrections can be done if necessary. However, the idea is to protect the livelihoods and there can be no compromise on that.
11:22Sir, recently a section of traders in Dharavi claim that they are protesting the survey because they feel that there is no transparency in the survey process. What do you have to say?
11:38No, no, no. The survey process is by far the most transparent process ever happening in any SRA project. In this project, I am talking about Dharavi project.
11:48No, no. Number one, it is digital. It is digitized and data is fail-safe and foolproof. Second, we also have done a digital twin whereby you just go to the map and click, you will come to know everything about that household, everything about that commercial unit.
12:08Okay. And third, more importantly, it is quite possible some people are left out during the survey. Sometimes because they are not available, sometimes because they choose not to participate, sometimes because there can be a mistake still.
12:24For that, there is a grievances redressal committee. But before that, there is an appellate officer of the rank of additional collector. Then there is a grievances redressal committee. If there are any grievances and there is also a process of appellate committee.
12:42So, there is independent authorities. There are independent authorities who will ensure that these commercial units are residential grievances redress. And there is also a mechanism which we are putting in place the single window grievances mechanism. So, that is one.
12:57Secondly, as far as traders are concerned, let me assure them that all the eligible traders and commercial units will be rehabilitated in situ in Dharavi, number one.
13:12But more importantly, in the normal course, in the normal course, ineligible slum dwellers, including the traders would not have been given anything. But in this project, we are going to give them a 10% commercial area of each building of additional additional area is kept for the first time in any rehabilitation industry.
13:35As a commercial unit, each residential building, to repeat, will have a 10% area as commercial. And that can be given to the ineligible commercial units, which are on the first floor, second floor, mezzanine floor, as a rental. So, that proposal is in the pipeline. It is going to be approved, I am sure, very soon.
13:54So, both eligible and ineligible commercial establishments will be protected. Okay. However, the places may change from here to there. Because if every place has to remain as it is, then there will be no redevelopment. Right?
14:09The slum will remain as it is. That is not the purpose. Purpose is to ensure that people are protected, people's interests are protected. As far as possible, it has to be rehabilitated in a very, very transparent manner and fair manner. And thirdly, their livelihoods are taken care of.
14:29Sir, what is the financing plan for the project of such a huge scale?
14:35No. There is a business plan that has been prepared by the SPV and submitted to us. We have gone through that plan. It talks about a total investment, only rehabilitation, I am talking about only rehabilitation cost, comes to about 97,500 crores. I mean, near about a lack of crores. Okay.
14:54There is only rehabilitation capex and related costs. Sale component, I am not even counting in this. And it consists of three components. Okay. In fact, that also gives us an understanding of what is the scope of the project. Let me now touch upon the scope of the project while answering this question.
15:12Because physical scope defines the financials also. So, what is the physical scope of the project? It is as following. It has three components. The scope of the project of Dharavi. Number one, construction of rehabilitation tenements, whether residential or commercial or industrial. Number one.
15:26Number two, ensure that the physical infrastructure is established. What is physical infrastructure? Drinking water, sewerage, storm water, roads, right? Bridges. All these things have to be done. Even electricity. See, all these houses don't have household drinking water, household toilets. So, physical infrastructure is the component two of the project in the scope.
15:52And third is the scope. And third is the social infrastructure. In terms of, let us say, for instance, schools, colleges, hospitals, temples, community centers, and welfare centers. All these things have also to be built. What we are doing actually in Dharavi is building a city within a city. So, it is important that all these three components come together. Then only we can do that. So, that is the effort.
16:18And for that, as I said, it is about 197,000 crores is the cost of rehabilitation. And about 5,000 crores have been mobilized by the SPV in the form of compulsorily convertible preference shares or compulsorily convertible debentures, CCDs, that has been mobilized.
16:36I think finance should not be an issue at this stage.
16:40What do you feel the PPP model is the future for the large scale urban renewal project?
16:48See, if you have heard the interview of our chief minister recently, in fact, I happened to listen to this also. He said, after looking at Dharavi project, after looking at the Dharavi project and the experience so far, he said, he has found a clue to redevelopment of Mumbai and slump-free Mumbai.
17:11In fact, that is the answer to this question. I would like to say Ditto, in fact. Because, generally speaking, the slump rehabilitation projects are developer-driven. Government just use a letter of intent, letter of approval. After that, nothing is done by SRA.
17:30But the project of this scale and size, because as we know, 60% of Mumbai residents live in slums. So that is the number that we hear about. And if you want to take up projects of this scale, size and high-risk projects, see, this project has failed many times during the bid process itself, because it is a high-risk project.
17:51So, to mitigate that risk, and you require an intermediary between the developer and the residents, that intermediary is the government. So, taking government and forming SPV, what you call the PPP mode, is a very important way. I don't say that is the only way, but definitely very important way of redevelopment of Mumbai and urban renewal projects in general.
18:16So, that is one. And secondly, the financial structuring of the project should be actually also be very out of the box. That is what we try to do here from the government side. It has been given certain other ways of mobilizing the resources as well. One of them I just mentioned, CCDs and CCPS mode.
18:35So, I think it is going to be a very important landmark and perhaps set the trend towards future redevelopment projects, including the slum projects.
18:47What is the benefit of the SPV in this project?
18:53Yeah, this is what I just touched upon. The SPV has two, three benefits. One is, see, SPV is basically the PPP mode. SPV is one of them. Number one benefit is, government is spending directly hardly any amount. In this equity, government gets 20% equity. 80% goes to the lead partner.
19:18But, we don't spend 20% of the capex. We are spending only 100 crores. Out of 97,500 crores, which I mentioned, we are spending only 100 crores as equity. But we get government, we mean the government gets 20% of the equity. And there is also something called differential voting right.
19:37So, although our minuscule amount is spent, of course, there are concessions. I don't deny that. They are given by the government. But as far as pure financial terms, we get differential voting rights. There are two directors from the government. So, it gives number two. So, one is financing benefit.
19:55And second benefit is, the oversight of the government is there during the functioning of the SPV. Right? There are directors from the government. And third, it gives a very, very comfort to the residents because residents going to developer or to lead partner who is a private person or private entity is more difficult.
20:15But since there is a government in the SPV. And in fact, it will be much more transparent. And I think much more accountable. The entire process ought to be more accountable. So, it ensures, in short, the PPP model ensures number one, financial mobilization, resources, mobilization of financial resources. Second, gives transparency. And third, accountability.
20:37So, I think these are the benefits of an SPV model. What systems have been set up to ensure grievances of residents will be here firmly? Can you share the grievances addressal structure?
20:54Yeah. There are bound to be grievances in a project of the scale's complexity and size. And let us understand what types of grievances.
21:07For instance, somebody's name may be missing from eligibility list. Or somebody is owning a commercial unit or a shop but is shown as residential or vice versa. Or instead of somebody's name, X's name, Y's name comes. So, it's quite possible.
21:23For that, what we need is to ensure that in a transparent way, the grievances are addressed. And secondly, they are addressed in time. So, for that, we have put in a mechanism. The mechanism is following. We have an appellate officer who hears appeals. Number one.
21:41Number one.
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22:08which will ensure that the grievances are addressed.
22:13Then at the apex there is an AGRC, Apex Grievances Redressal Committee.
22:17So this mechanism has been put in place so that grievances are heard in a very transparent
22:25and very speedy manner.
22:28So basically the idea is to have a single window grievances mechanism that is being
22:32put in place.
22:33So what are the timeline for the completion of this project and work has started on the
22:39Matunga Railway land?
22:41Will the houses were accommodated Dharavikar too?
22:46Yeah see, as we speak construction has started on the land that has been acquired, purchased
22:55from, I mean long term lease has been taken from the railways by the DRP.
22:59So SPV has started construction there of the railway facilities.
23:04And the timeline is about 7 years from the date of the commencement certificate.
23:11So within 7 years you have to rehabilitate.
23:13I do understand that 7 years is a very short period.
23:17But as Keynes has said, in the long run we are all dead.
23:19So we cannot tell people that you will be rehabilitated after 20-30 years.
23:23So that doesn't make sense.
23:25At the same time you cannot say it will run in 3-4 years.
23:28This project of this scale, it has a challenging timeline we have taken.
23:32That's what government has decided.
23:33So this is the 7 years.
23:34And what is the next question?
23:36Sir, how much, next question this Matunga Railway land?
23:40Yeah, Matunga Railway land construction is going on as we speak.
23:44And on that land, on the entire railway land, there are also be rehabilitation structures
23:49also, in addition to railway facilities.
23:52So that plan also will be, layout will be submitted very soon by the SPV.
24:00There also the construction will happen.
24:02Sir, how much land is available in Dharavi for the infrastructure, development, rehabilitation
24:08and the free sale.
24:10So, see, total land is about 245 hectares, right, roughly.
24:17So out of that 108 hectares is only available for redevelopment.
24:21Rest goes in various other things where you cannot build.
24:26Out of that, from the master plan it is seen that about 43% goes for rehabilitation, right,
24:33which is big, remaining goes for the sale component.
24:38But this is where actually rehabilitation has started now, rehabilitation component has
24:42started now, pre-sale will start, perhaps whenever the SPV decides.
24:45I think it's a little too early for that, but they can decide whenever they want.
24:50But our priority is to ensure that rehabilitation is completed in time.
24:55Sir, time and again people have cried fall about the allegation of undue TDR benefits given to Adani.
25:07Is it true or is there any system to monitor the Dharavi TDR?
25:12No, no.
25:14See, this TDR is given to the project and TDR is not given specially to this project.
25:19TDR is available in entire Mumbai.
25:22So government, when it decided about TDR, there are two decisions taken in Dharavi project
25:30as a vital public purpose project.
25:33One is to do it with indexation because the rates of Dharavi are very low.
25:38They have not been revised for ages.
25:41Second is to ensure that whatever TDR is generated, it is going to be consumed because a lot of TDR
25:47will be generated.
25:48If the TDR is not consumed, then what is the point of generating it and secondly where will
25:54the cash flows for this project will come through.
25:57So this decision has been taken by the government keeping these things in view.
26:00And secondly, see there are what TDR we have in Mumbai.
26:05We have a road TDR, then there is a municipal TDR and also there is a slump TDR.
26:10So the government thought very rightfully that slump TDR should be given the topmost priority.
26:16For a very simple reason, look at Dharavi, for instance, the slum is there, but within
26:23Dharavi there are several reservations.
26:25There is a reservation for open space, there is a reservation for a school, you know, all
26:29types of reservations are there.
26:31But they exist only on paper for the last 30-40 years because there is a slump.
26:35Roads are also there, but only on paper.
26:38So when you give priority to slump TDR or to slumps, automatically the roads, the open
26:44spaces, they also get developed.
26:46So this is how the entire process has been worked out by the government in this project.
26:51Sir, Dharavi has raised the concern about being shifted to Devna dumping ground and the salt
26:58pan lands.
26:59How do you wish to address this?
27:02See, what does the government orders say?
27:05Government orders say those eligible will be inside Dharavi.
27:08Those not eligible, residents, as far as residents are concerned, will be outside, within Mumbai.
27:15Getting land in Mumbai is not easy, not easy, because there is hardly any land available.
27:21The SPV tried to get it in Vadala, they could not get it.
27:25So they started approaching different agencies, and we have written to different agencies that
27:30they should decide about the land as per their rules and regulations regarding land disposal.
27:37And now, after this, we got, the SPV got land in Kurla, for instance.
27:43They got some land in salt pan land, which is Jamasp salt pan land, allotted and taken
27:49in possession.
27:50But remaining lands are yet to come into possession of the DRP.
27:56Lands are going to DRP, not to the SPV.
27:59And there is one place called Aksa, in western suburbs.
28:02That is also likely to come to us, to come to the DRP, so that the development process can
28:08start there, for rehabilitation, and the cell component also.
28:15The issue is regarding, now, let us come to this, this dumping ground, right, Devanar dumping
28:23ground.
28:24See, first, experts will be made to ensure that the existing other lands are exhausted, number
28:31ground, then only DRP, the Devanar should be touched upon.
28:36Secondly, there is another reason why that should take place, because Devanar cleaning
28:41by the BMC is going to take time.
28:44I understand that.
28:45Government understands it very well, very correctly.
28:51But we cannot wait for the process to stop.
28:54So other places, rehabilitation will start.
28:58And let me assure you, let me assure the public in general also, that unless the Devanar ground
29:05is made habitable, secondly, unless all the green clearances, all the environment clearances
29:12are taken, no construction will be permitted on the Devanar dumping ground.
29:19So please rest assured on that.
29:21Unless it becomes livable, nothing can be done on that, and nothing will be allowed to
29:25be done on that.
29:26Sir, locals of Mulun, Malad, Kurla have opposed the re-housing of ineligible dharavikars, and
29:35in the located land parcel there are there, and how is the government dealing with this
29:42issue?
29:43See, dharavikars are not somebody aliens, they are also Mumbai cars, right?
29:49So there is something called, we hear about not in my backyard.
29:53So that is a, some of the, some people, you cannot say everybody is opposing it, right?
30:02And these colonies that are going to come up, they will not be another slum.
30:06There is a misgiving, possibly, that slum will be shifted there.
30:11No, slum will not be shifted there.
30:13Instead, a new colony will be constructed with all the amenities, it will be, it will
30:16look like any other colony.
30:18So there should be no reason why that should be opposed at all.
30:21So, government is addressing, number one, by communicating, number two, by ensuring that
30:27these colonies are properly developed, so that there is no ghettoization in the process,
30:30no gentrification in the process, and third, all the amenities are given as per the rules
30:35in these colonies.
30:36So there should be no fear on that count.
30:39Sir, there are concerns that railways don't allow the sublease of its lands, so housing society
30:46of dharavi residents who are rehabilitated to railway lands probably will never enjoy the
30:53full ownership rights of the land.
30:56Please clarify this point, sir.
30:57It's a very good point.
30:58Thank you for asking this, to clarify.
31:01This point was there initially.
31:04Railways said sublease cannot be done, but after lot of discussion, railways have agreed
31:10to give sublease to slum dwellers.
31:13So the societies will be given, allowed to be given sublease by the DRP.
31:17Okay?
31:18So that issue is, stands closed and stands resolved.
31:21So it will be like any other society, any other SRA society, where the building should
31:26be transferred to the society.
31:28So it is not very different from them.
31:30So that issue stands resolved.
31:31Yeah.
31:32Sir, last question.
31:33The dharavi development has finally taken off under your leadership.
31:38What difference approach did you bring to make this project come to life?
31:45See, it is not me actually, that is wrong to say that I have done it.
31:51It is always the team.
31:53And more important than the team is the government leadership actually, which ensured that this
31:58has happened.
31:59Okay?
32:00So that is the first point.
32:01Second is, how it is different.
32:04How it is different is, first it is declared as a vital public purpose project.
32:09Number two, all the concerns of the local residents, you know, have been addressed.
32:15Like, what is the biggest concern?
32:17Biggest concern is the eligibility.
32:19If this has been implemented like any other SRA project, 50% means about 3 to 4 lakh people
32:26would have been thrown out.
32:28And where they would have gone?
32:29They would have gone to another slum.
32:30And they would have started another slum or they would have come back to dharavi.
32:33So there would have been no slum rehabilitation.
32:36Instead, here what we said is housing for all.
32:40Third is the financial structure that has been different from the present methods.
32:46And fourth, of course, is the SPV model where government partners with the lead partner
32:52in a very transparent manner to global bid process and ensure that issues are resolved.
32:57And finally, to prepare a proper master plan and a business plan.
33:02So with this, yeah, there is one more important point, which I have addressed in this interview,
33:09but however, I would like to repeat.
33:11It is a, we looked at, the government looked at this project as a livelihoods project.
33:16How to ensure the livelihoods are taken care of, livelihoods are protected.
33:21For that, measures have been taken.
33:24Including, I gave one example, small example of how state CST will be refunded.
33:28Right?
33:29Housing for all.
33:30So, these five, six steps ensure, I think, that this process of construction has started.
33:38I think this is how this project is different from the rest of the projects.
33:42Hopefully, if it is successful, I do believe it will be successful for the residents,
33:47successful for the residents.
33:49It can be a role model for the future.
33:51Yeah?
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