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  • 4/15/2025
At a House Judiciary Committee hearing prior to the Congressional recess, Rep. Scott Fitzgerald (R-WI) spoke to former Speaker Newt Gingrich about immigration policy and universal injunctions.
Transcript
00:00Thank you. We now go to the gentleman from Wisconsin, Mr. Fitzgerald.
00:05And I would ask if I could have 15 seconds of his time.
00:09I yield back to the chairman.
00:11Mr. Speaker Gingrich, I just have one short question, and it is a yes or no, unlike the other one.
00:18In your two decades as a member of Congress, did you see members of Congress put bills in of any sort
00:26because they were popular and felt strongly within their district whether or not they were moving anywhere?
00:32Of course.
00:33And that would include things like impeachment, whether they were likely to succeed or not.
00:38They're political symbols, not legislative symbols.
00:41Very good. I thank you. I thank the gentleman from Wisconsin.
00:44Reclaiming my time. Mr. Larkin, nationwide injunctions, they're a relatively new phenomenon, right?
00:49Isn't that correct?
00:51Yes.
00:52Yeah, it's fair to say nationwide injunctions became more commonplace in the 60s and 70s,
01:00and that is because Congress began authorizing general rulemaking by federal agencies,
01:05such as passage of Clean Air Act or the Clean Water Act.
01:12There are several factors that led to the late development of it.
01:15One is a change in philosophy of what it meant to say that something was unconstitutional.
01:19For example, Professor Samuel Bray explained this at length in his article.
01:23Traditionally, when a court says something was unconstitutional,
01:27it meant the government could not enforce it against you.
01:29Over time, courts gradually began to say, no, that means you can't force it against anybody.
01:35The problem is that overlooks the role that a district court judge has both horizontally and vertically within the federal system.
01:44No one district court judge can bind the appellate court or the Supreme Court.
01:49No one district court judge in Maine can bind a district court judge or any judge in Alaska.
01:55And so, unfortunately, this practice developed and we didn't have anybody stepping back and saying, no, wait a minute,
02:01are there constitutional, statutory, et cetera, limitations on it?
02:06And it has actually hurt both parties because each party has suffered through this process.
02:13Speaker Gingrich, as you mentioned in your testimony, between 2001 and 2023, there were 96 nationwide injunctions issued,
02:21of which 64 were granted against President Trump.
02:26Why do you think the courts have issued nationwide injunctions against President Trump with such frequency?
02:34It's kind of a question we're all pondering right now.
02:38You know, one of my favorite books on the law is the Bramble Bush, which is the 1929 introductory lectures at Columbia Law School,
02:47and which draws a distinction between the law as it is practiced and the law as it is written.
02:53So let's just, at a common sense level, be honest.
02:58Donald Trump represents a profound, fundamental shaking up of a very deeply resistant establishment,
03:05which can be traced back to Franklin Roosevelt in 1933.
03:09You take on a system that's almost 100 years old, the system fights back.
03:13The last great bastion of power held by the left is district court judges and their allies on the Supreme Court.
03:21And they're behaving as a historian.
03:23This is a perfectly natural thing.
03:25They're doing everything they can to stop the president, who was elected by millions of Americans.
03:30They were elected by no one.
03:32But under our system, they have a certain amount of power, not nearly as much as the modern legal system believes,
03:38because the 1958 decision by the Supreme Court, which said we are supreme, is baloney.
03:44The Supreme Court is supreme in Article III.
03:47It is not supreme over the whole Constitution.
03:50And I think we're now going to face a genuinely important, historic conversation as a country
03:56about whether or not unelected judges on a randomized basis, who happen to be 92% Democrat,
04:02have the power to stop the elected commander-in-chief on item after item after item.
04:08My guess is the American people will say to the legislative branch, you've got to be kidding me.
04:13And if Justice Roberts wants to cut this off, he should act now, because this is going to get worse, not better.
04:20Mr. Larkin, I'll just finish up with a quick question about forum shopping.
04:25It's something that's clearly been happening, and we're used to it at the state level within the judiciary,
04:32as well as at the federal level.
04:33I was wondering if you had a comment about that.
04:35Sure.
04:36I mean, the problem is attempted to be avoided by having random assignment.
04:41But unfortunately, there are some times when there's only a limited number of judges in a particular district.
04:48And as a result, if there's only one, that's who you're going to get.
04:51If there are two, you have a 50% chance.
04:54And people wind up doing this, not surprisingly, because they think Judge A is going to give them a better likelihood of success.
05:01Now, you know, that's bad enough when what you're talking about is a damages action,
05:07because that damages action is going to result in a check, perhaps, that goes just to one party.
05:13It's different when you're talking about having one judge in any one town enjoying the entirety of the federal government across the nation.
05:22That's a much more severe problem, and that's why this is a reasonable effort to cabin that.
05:27And, you know, picking favorable judges is a reason why.
05:30Thank you. I'd yield back.
05:32Thank you, gentlemen. We now recognize the gentlelady from California, Ms. Lofgren.

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