Des Scientifiques ont Découvert le Plus Ancien Village d'Europe Entouré de Pieux

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Les scientifiques ont découvert ce qu'ils croient être le plus ancien village d'Europe, et il a une particularité unique : il était entouré de pieux en bois ! Ce village antique, qui pourrait avoir près de 7 000 ans, a probablement été construit avec ces pieux, ou palissades, comme moyen de protection. Les archéologues pensent que les pieux ont été installés pour empêcher les animaux sauvages ou d'autres tribus d'entrer, ce qui en fait l'un des premiers exemples de défense de village. L'installation montre comment les premiers humains ont commencé à former des communautés en pensant à leur sécurité. C'est incroyable de penser qu'il y a si longtemps, les gens travaillaient déjà ensemble pour créer des espaces de vie sûrs et organisés. Cette découverte nous offre un aperçu de la vie dans l'Europe ancienne et montre à quel point les premiers humains étaient ingénieux pour se protéger. Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/ Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici: http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00Specialists have discovered the oldest lacustrine village ever discovered in Europe,

00:06hidden under the waters of Lake Doride, between Albania and North Macedonia.

00:10This lake, meanwhile, is also of remarkable antiquity.

00:14It is considered to be one of the oldest in the world.

00:17Before this discovery, a village located in the Italian Alps held the record with about 7,000 years of existence.

00:24However, data from radiocarbon analysis reveals that the village submerged in Lake Doride

00:30was built between 6,000 and 5,080 years BC,

00:35making it 1,000 years older than any other village in Europe.

00:39This neolithic village, which housed between 200 and 500 inhabitants,

00:43constitutes one of the very first known sedentary human communities.

00:48This discovery would not be as fascinating without the mystery that surrounds it.

00:53The inhabitants had erected a fortress of wooden stakes all around their village,

00:58probably to protect themselves.

01:01But what for? This danger remains mysterious.

01:05The villagers took care to build their homes on piles above the lake,

01:10surrounding them with these wooden defenses.

01:13Why these elaborate precautions?

01:15This is precisely the question that archaeologists are trying to answer.

01:19Are there other unusual plantations?

01:22Absolutely. Take, for example, Göbekli Tepe.

01:26This site brings us back to the origins of the first permanent settlements

01:29and invites us to question everything we think we know about the emergence of organized society.

01:39It seems that the inhabitants of this place were particularly attached to specific practices,

01:44probably rituals or gatherings.

01:47About 11,000 years ago, these ancients sculpted huge blocks of limestone

01:52and, in an even more mysterious way, transported them to the other side of the mound.

01:58These stones, decorated with animal engravings and human figures, were arranged in circles,

02:04like canvases showing their way of life.

02:07Under these stones, we find the same massive pillars as those erected on the other side of the mound.

02:13Nearly 250 of these pillars emerge from the surface,

02:17and excavations have revealed about 60 more.

02:20These elements are so many messages from the past,

02:23giving us clues about the life and activities of the people who inhabited these places.

02:31These discoveries shake the chronology and classical interpretations of the first human societies.

02:37Although Göbekli Tepe has become a tourist destination,

02:40another site nearby, Karahan Tepe, remains less known but just as remarkable.

02:46These two sites defend the idea that breeding would have led to sedentarization.

02:51It would seem rather that the populations were first established in a fixed place

02:55before starting animal domestication.

02:58They also question the traditional hypothesis

03:01that organized societies would have emerged as a result of agriculture.

03:05These ancient sites suggest that structured communities existed before agricultural development

03:11and that they probably practiced cultural or communal rituals.

03:18These structures suggest complex and polyvalent functions rather than simply religious ones.

03:23People would gather in these places to discuss and tell stories,

03:28promoting a collective identity.

03:31These buildings could mark the beginning of a cohesive community,

03:35showing the emergence of horizontal hierarchies and the sharing of knowledge.

03:39Now let's go to the other side of the globe.

03:42In Mexico, unknown pyramids, about 1,500 years old, deserve to be looked at.

03:48These buildings have challenged the centuries

03:50thanks to a unique ingredient from the fig tree of Barbary.

03:54This cactus allowed indigenous builders to design these architectural wonders of the ancient world.

04:00These gray volcanic rock pyramids rise like a chain of miniature mountains.

04:05As we approach, we can see the steps perfectly engraved in the hard rock,

04:10forming a monumental staircase on the highest pyramid.

04:14Two other structures, called the House of the Wind and the House of the Longest Night,

04:19also illustrate this mastery.

04:23According to legend, these structures housed treasures.

04:28However, it was only in the early 2000s,

04:30with the excavations undertaken by Mexican archaeologists,

04:33that their secrets began to be revealed.

04:36The House of the Thirteen Skies, built around 540 BC,

04:42served to mark the passage of time.

04:45At a time when clocks and calendars did not exist,

04:48the ancients referred to the stars to locate important dates.

04:53This pyramid acted like a cosmic calendar.

04:56Its angles were aligned with the solstices and the essential dates for sowing and harvesting.

05:02Even today, when climbing these steps,

05:05the sun aligns perfectly with a specific corner of the pyramid.

05:12But these buildings do not content themselves with following the course of time.

05:16The archaeologists Quiroz and Zepeda seek to unravel the mysteries.

05:21Among the artifacts discovered,

05:23they found that the ancient builders used an adhesive substance

05:27from the leaves of the Barbarian fig tree to solidify their construction,

05:31a technique still used by some indigenous peoples.

05:37The revelations go on.

05:38The House of the Thirteen Skies even delivered a skeleton,

05:41older than the pyramid itself, about a millennium old.

05:44This detail indicates that the ancients transported this body for nearly 950 years,

05:49thus adding another mystery to this fascinating site.

05:54Next step, the Duna of Bologna,

05:57a Spanish dune receding from the Roman ruins of Anfouy.

06:02Located at the border of Europe, facing North Africa,

06:05this sandy formation exceeds 30 meters in height and 200 meters in width.

06:11Under the effect of the winds, the dune moves,

06:14progressively revealing fragments of history deeply buried.

06:18With climate change, these winds intensify,

06:21accelerating the migration of the dune

06:23and revealing traces of the ancient inhabitants of this region.

06:28Archaeologists, while excavating this area,

06:31have discovered ancient graves.

06:34Imagine walking through these sand dunes

06:36to find these tombs full of history.

06:41The sand, like a guardian,

06:42has protected bones, jewels and arrowheads.

06:47But that's not all.

06:49Nearby is an archaeological site from the 2nd century B.C.

06:54dating from the time when the Romans settled there.

06:57They had built a complete city there,

06:59with tombs, a theater and a temple,

07:02all built on the remains of an ancient Phoenician settlement.

07:09A long time ago, an earthquake forced the inhabitants to leave the city,

07:13which remained buried under the sand for centuries.

07:16Today, historians and archaeologists hope

07:19that this perpetually moving landscape will reveal other secrets.

07:24Let's hope that this temporary sand capsule is preserved

07:27and continues to pass on its stories to future generations.

07:32In Peru, archaeologists are studying the Condor Pass,

07:36a 3,000-year-old secret passage.

07:39Curious?

07:41This passage was built in Chavin de Huantar,

07:44an ancient city where the Chavin people lived,

07:49located about 300 km from Lima, the Peruvian capital.

07:55The Chavin people were known for their artistic talent.

07:58Fascinated by birds and felines,

08:00they often integrated these motifs into their works.

08:03Long before the advent of the Inca Empire,

08:08they were among the first sedentary societies of the high Andean plateaus,

08:12cultivating these 2,000-year-old lands before the appearance of the Incas.

08:19In one of the temple buildings,

08:21archaeologists discovered this hidden passage,

08:24which they nicknamed the Condor Pass.

08:27This corridor, which remained closed for centuries,

08:30leads to several rooms of the temple,

08:33offering a rare glimpse of the life of the time.

08:36Lara Croft could not be happier.

08:39Inside this secret passage,

08:41researchers found fascinating objects.

08:45In particular, an imposing pottery,

08:47heavier than a bag of potatoes and adorned with the head and wings of a condor.

08:53It was also a symbol of power for the ancient Andeans.

08:57Excavations have also revealed other potteries,

09:00all discovered in May 2022,

09:02at the time of the opening of this hidden entrance.

09:05All this is therefore quite recent.

09:08The temple complex still contains other structures,

09:11such as terraces,

09:12and many other mysteries remain to be discovered.

09:16Progressing in these hidden passages poses many challenges.

09:20Archaeologists therefore used cameras mounted on robots

09:24to explore the places without risking damaging them or getting stuck there.

09:29Let's wait and see what these excavations will reveal.

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