Gone 'in the blink of an eye': Aid for Libya 'won't heal psychological trauma, wounds lasting a lifetime'

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00:00 springing for the analysis and for more information about the operation on the ground to try to

00:04 help people in all the areas affected in Libya. Dr. Hossam El-Shekawi, Regional Director for

00:11 the Middle East and North Africa at the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

00:16 Thank you very much for being with us, doctor. Basic question for you and your people on

00:20 the ground. Can you cope?

00:22 It's for people on the ground. They're doing their best. It may not be perfect, but they're

00:30 trying to cope and do their best, and this is where we come in. Your report was fantastic.

00:35 The international community is supporting the French field hospital. We have given the

00:40 Libyan Red Crescent $1 million to do local procurement from the surrounding area, which

00:46 has some supplies and water and food for the survivors and some of the local equipment

00:51 that they may need. And we're launching a $10 million also emergency appeal to scale

00:57 up the support. The picture is becoming clearer and clearer to the devastation, and certainly,

01:05 you know, we're all dealing with the Morocco earthquake, and suddenly a few days later

01:09 this happens. So all hands on deck for many humanitarians, including the Red Crosses and

01:14 Red Crescents of the world, to help them cope. I was speaking yesterday to the secretary

01:18 general of the Libyan Red Crescent, who has all their staff and volunteers now responding

01:26 to the scene. It's overwhelming, just the numbers of body bags required, the dealing

01:32 to minimise the hazards for the survivors and providing the water, the clean water,

01:39 critically, because you want to avoid contaminated water and get people sicker, is now again

01:44 a race against time as we see it.

01:47 Dr. El-Shokabi, can I just clarify that when I ask, can you cope, there's no criticism

01:53 implied in that of anybody on the ground or indeed what you're doing, because I think

01:56 most people accept what we're seeing here is an unprecedented situation. As you pointed

02:01 out, reeling from the earthquake in Morocco, then another natural disaster in Libya. The

02:07 scale of what you have to deal with here is huge.

02:11 Yes, it's overwhelming for everyone. Absolutely any country would be challenged to deal with

02:19 this. Libya has been in a 12-year civil war. It's fragmented. Its maintenance and infrastructure

02:25 have eroded, lack of maintenance and so on because of the context of a civil war. And

02:33 then you have the perfect storm with the impact, potentially of climate change, with the severe

02:38 anomalous weather, and you have this thing happen.

02:44 The solidarity coming again internationally, we see it, and it's heartwarming, but it's

02:50 not enough for the people that need us now. And it is, as I see the images that you are

02:56 showing, fantastic how things are being rolled out to get this scale up and this pipeline

03:03 as quickly as possible and as wide as possible to get to these people. This won't heal the

03:09 psychological trauma and the wounds, the psychological ones, that we know last a lifetime, these

03:16 types of events, for those who lost all of their families, all of their belongings, everything,

03:22 in the blink of an eye.

03:24 So we will be there for months and months to come, perhaps years, to help in some of

03:31 the reconstruction and rebuilding some of the vital services in terms of healthcare,

03:37 perhaps water, schools, and some shelter for those who are in perhaps the poverty categories.

03:45 This is a massive task and the things that you are outlining, if you took each one of

03:49 them individually, each would be a huge task to undertake, but put it all together and

03:54 it just represents something which I think for many people is overwhelming. In terms

03:58 of the actual death toll, that is something else we can obviously talk about, but you

04:03 spoke earlier about the possibility of secondary infection, about disease spreading in the

04:08 wake of the disaster. How serious a prospect is that?

04:13 It's always a concern for us with this exact type of scenario, when you have this type

04:19 of flooding and destruction, sewage water mixes with the water flowing, mixes with drinking

04:25 water, and the devastation. People, if they don't have clean water, they'll drink what

04:32 is available. Then you can have potential diseases spreading like cholera, we can see

04:38 skin infections and other types of illnesses. So it's very, very important to get water

04:44 purification units, water chlorination, even at the source, or water tablets for the population

04:50 that they can use until the water supply is restored. That is of paramount importance

04:57 and that is already en route with the Libyan Red Crescent.

05:02 Getting those urgent supplies to all the places in need, I mean that is a massive challenge

05:08 ahead for your teams on the ground and for local teams operating already there. How do

05:13 you begin to put that together, given the scale of the damage? What are the things you're

05:18 trying to put in place to make that happen?

05:23 The challenge, the number one challenge is actually the physical access, even if you

05:28 have the supplies. The pictures speak for themselves. Getting to the places where the

05:33 people need us and securing those services and then making them quickly available to

05:39 people is happening, but it is a race against time. Access has blocked the roads. The bridge

05:46 is connecting the two parts of the city that has been devastated. The three bridges across

05:52 the river, east and west, are destroyed. So you can imagine just the logistical challenges

05:57 of doing this. But the teams are dealing with this, despite the fact that it's overwhelming.

06:03 And they're also affected. Many of the teams that are responding from the Libyan Red Crescent

06:11 and the local civil defense authorities are from that town and that region, and they've

06:15 lost loved ones. So it's not for us also just the body count. It's about safe and respectful

06:24 and dignified burial for the family members that are pulled out.

06:28 And putting that all together, yes, is a challenge. It's not the first disaster the Red Cross

06:32 Red Crescent deals with of this scope and size. This is reminiscent for us of the massive

06:37 tsunami that hit Indonesia and that part of the world and Banda Aceh back in the days.

06:44 Similar picture, similar devastation. And we have a playbook and protocol how to respond

06:50 to this. And we do it. It's--situation is not okay, but we have to do this a step at

06:58 a time and working on multiple fronts simultaneously, search and rescue, first aid, clean water,

07:05 shelter, and so on. And that is now what is happening.

07:09 There is a level of chaos now that is expected, absolutely normal in those early days. And

07:16 every day we'll see that the systems get a little better organized and a little better

07:20 clear and more people arrive to help from different parts of Libya and internationally,

07:26 importantly.

07:27 I completely hear what you're saying, Dr. El-Shakawi, about this concept of the chaos.

07:32 And I don't think anybody watching this or following the story would hold anything against

07:36 yourself or anybody on the ground who's trying their best to do this. And as you point out,

07:42 many people working in the most difficult circumstances, because not only have they

07:45 lost perhaps their own home and members of their own family, but they're putting themselves

07:50 at risk to do this as well. So, you know, we salute those people trying to do those

07:53 things.

07:54 I think what everybody watching this will want to know is what can they do to help?

07:58 Is there anything that sort of people from around the world watching this program can

08:02 do to help?

08:03 Yes. Thank you for raising that. Many Red Crosses and Red Crescents around the world

08:10 are a membership in the Federation of Red Cross, are collecting money to aid Libya.

08:17 So contribute to your local Red Cross and Red Crescent. Designate the money to the Libyan

08:24 floods or in the storm, Daniel. And the money will come to our appeal of that emergency

08:33 appeal that will help us scale up the support of the Libyan Red Crescent. Some Red Crosses

08:39 are working directly with the Libyan Red Cross as well, and that's welcome. Some governments

08:44 from around the world are shipping. The flights have arrived already from Turkey and Qatar

08:51 and Saudi Arabia and the Emirates and Tunisia and Egypt. So neighbours are also helping

08:57 neighbours. It's a matter of coordinating that. International support from the public

09:04 and the private sector and corporations is most welcome. People can also go to IFRC.org

09:12 and contribute to the Libya appeal.

09:15 Dr. Hassam El-Shakawi, Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa at the International

09:20 Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Thank you, sir, for joining us. Thank you

09:24 for giving us that breakdown of what you are trying to do to help the people affected by

09:30 the situation in Libya. Estimates on the ground say there could be a death toll of something

09:35 like 20,000 because of the devastation that has been caused by the arrival of Storm Daniel,

09:41 the bursting of two dams sending what was effectively a tidal wave through the city

09:46 of Derna and other cities around also affected heavily by flooding. We will bring you, of

09:51 course, all developments on the situation in Libya as we get it here on France 24. More

09:56 news coming up. Stay with us.

09:57 [Music]

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