The horse (Equus caballus or Equus ferus caballus) is one of ten modern species of mammals from the genus Equus. This animal has long been one of the most important pets economically and historically, and has played an important role in the transportation of people and goods for thousands of years.

Horses can be ridden by humans using saddles and can also be used to pull things, such as wheeled vehicles, or plows. In some areas, horses are also used as a food source. Although horse breeding is thought to have started as early as 4500 BC, evidence of the use of horses for human purposes has only been found since 2000 BC.