The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest living cat species of the genus Panthera. Tigers have distinctive stripes on their fur, in the form of dark vertical stripes on orange fur, with white undercoat. Tigers are apex predators, they mainly prey on ungulates such as deer and wild boars. Tigers are territorial animals and are generally solitary predators, but still have a social side, they still live in close-knit areas, to support their food needs and raise their offspring. Cubs stay with their mother for about two years, then become independent and leave their mother's home range to build their own homes.

Another term for the tiger is the tiger which is taken from the Javanese language, but now people only think of the tiger as being of the Panthera pardus type and all of its subspecies. Even though this Leopard or Panthera pardus can be called a tiger when added to its last name, namely Leopard. The name Harimau itself comes from the Malay language, which is also used to refer to Leopard, namely Harimau Bintang.

The tiger was first scientifically described in 1758 and was once widespread from the Eastern Anatolia Region in the west to the Amur River valley in the east. Tigers are also found in the southern foothills of the Himalayas to Bali in the Sunda Islands. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the tiger population has decreased by 93% and has experienced extinction in West Asia, Central Asia, and on the islands of Java and Bali. Tigers are also declared extinct in large parts of Southeast Asia, South Asia and China. Today, the tiger's range is fragmented, extending from the temperate forest areas of Siberia to the subtropical and tropical forests of the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and Sumatra.

The tiger is listed as Endangered species on the IUCN Red List. In 2015, it is estimated that the wild tiger population worldwide is only around 3,062 to 3,948 adult individuals, most of the tiger population lives in isolated small pockets. India currently has the largest population of tigers. The main causes of the decline in tiger populations are habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and poaching. Tigers are also victims of human-wildlife conflict, especially in countries with high human population densities.

The tiger is one of the world's most recognized and popular charismatic megafauna. Tigers have been featured in ancient mythology and folklore across various cultures and historical periods. The tiger is still often depicted in film and modern literature, the tiger symbol also appears on many flags, coats of arms, and is used as a sports team mascot. The tiger is the national animal of India, Bangladesh, Malaysia and South Korea.