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00:00A land of stark beauty and untamed wilderness, where vast deserts, ancient oases, and incredible

00:16wildlife await. From the towering dunes of the Sahara to the rugged mountains of the Enniti

00:21Plateau, Chad offers an adventure like no other. Discover the vibrant cultures of its people,

00:27visit the stunning Zakuma National Park, or experience the serenity of Lake Chad's shimmering

00:32waters. With its raw landscapes and timeless traditions, Chad is a place for those seeking

00:38something beyond the usual tourist trail. Chad is a landlocked country in north-central Africa,

00:44bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south,

00:50Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. The capital and largest city of Chad

00:56is in Jemena. Chad has a population of approximately 17 million people. The official languages of Chad

01:03are French and Arabic. The currency of Chad is the Central African CFA franc, shared by several other

01:09countries in the region. Chad is known for its geographical diversity, including deserts,

01:15savannas, and mountains. Lake Chad, located in the western part of the country, is one of the largest

01:21lakes in Africa, although it has shrunk significantly due to climate change and overuse. Chad is one of

01:27the largest countries in Africa, covering an area of about 1.28 million square kilometers.

01:34The climate in Chad ranges from desert in the north to tropical in the south.

01:39The country gained independence from France on August 11, 1960. The population of Chad is ethnically

01:45diverse, with over 200 different ethnic groups. The major ethnic groups in Chad include the Arabs,

01:52Sarah, and various groups from the Canaan, Tubu, and Chadian Nile regions. Islam is the predominant

01:58religion in Chad, with around 55% of the population identifying as Muslim, mostly Sunni. Christianity is

02:06practiced by about 35% of the population, with the majority being Roman Catholic. The remaining population

02:13practices indigenous religions, particularly in the southern regions. Chad's national motto is,

02:19unity, work, and progress. The country is divided into 23 regions, with N'Djamena being both the

02:26capital and a key political and economic hub. The economy of Chad is heavily dependent on oil

02:32production, which accounts for a significant portion of the country's exports and government revenue.

02:37Agriculture also plays an important role in Chad's economy, with crops like cotton.

02:42Millet, and sorghum being cultivated. Chad is one of the world's largest producers of cotton,

02:48which is a key export crop. Livestock farming is another significant part of the economy,

02:54particularly in the Sahelian and Saharan regions of the country. The economy of Chad faces many

03:00challenges, including a lack of infrastructure, political instability, and vulnerability to fluctuations

03:06in oil prices. Chad has one of the highest poverty rates in the world, with a large portion of the

03:12population living on less than $1.90 per day. The country has a relatively low literacy rate,

03:18with many people, especially in rural areas, having limited access to education. Chad has struggled with

03:25political instability since its independence, including civil wars, rebellions, and conflicts with

03:31neighboring countries. The country's longest-serving president, Idris Debi, ruled Chad from 1990 until

03:37his death in 2021. Idris Debi took power through a coup and was re-elected multiple times, often amid

03:45accusations of election rigging and human rights abuses. After Debi's death, his son Mahamat Idris Debi

03:51Itno became the leader of the country and took control through a transitional government. Chad's military is one of the

03:58strongest in the region, and it has been involved in several peacekeeping operations in neighboring

04:02countries. The Chadian military has fought in conflicts in Sudan, the Central African Republic,

04:09and Libya, often intervening in support of its allies. Chad is a member of the African Union,

04:15O, the United Nations, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. The government of Chad has been

04:22criticized for its human rights record, including suppression of political opposition and restrictions on

04:27freedom of speech. The country has a growing oil industry, with significant oil reserves in the

04:33southern part of the country. Chad's oil exports primarily go to China, but the country has struggled to

04:39benefit from oil revenues due to corruption and mismanagement. The government of Chad has sought to improve its

04:45infrastructure, including roads, telecommunications, and electricity, but progress has been slow. The country has a rich

04:53cultural heritage, with traditional music, dance, and art being important parts of Chadian life.

04:59The Tugu people, a nomadic ethnic group from the north, are known for their distinctive clothing and

05:04lifestyle. Chad is home to several natural parks and reserves, including Zakuma National Park, which is

05:11famous for its wildlife. Including elephants and lions, the country faces significant environmental challenges,

05:18including desertification, droughts, and the effects of climate change on Lake Chad. Chad has limited access

05:25to clean drinking water, and sanitation is a major issue, particularly in rural areas. The country has

05:31one of the lowest life expectancy rates in the world, with many people facing challenges in accessing

05:37healthcare. The health system in Chad is underdeveloped, and many people rely on traditional healers due to the

05:43lack of medical facilities in rural areas. Malaria and other infectious diseases are common health

05:49concerns in Chad. The country has a large youth population, with nearly half of its population under

05:55the age of 15. Chad has several ethnic groups with distinct languages, with Sara being the most widely

06:01spoken language in the southern regions. Arabic is widely spoken in the northern and central parts of the

06:07country. The country has a tradition of oral storytelling, and elders often pass down

06:13stories, myths, and histories to younger generations. Chad has a growing tourism industry, with visitors

06:20coming to see its national parks, desert landscapes, and cultural heritage. The Chad Basin, which includes

06:26parts of Chad, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Niger, is a vital ecological zone, though it is threatened by

06:33human activity and climate change. Despite challenges, Chad is making strides in improving infrastructure,

06:40such as building roads and expanding access to electricity. Chad is home to a wide variety of

06:45wildlife, including giraffes, lions, zebras, and a range of antelope species. The country's national

06:52parks and reserves are important for the conservation of these species, particularly in the face of poaching

06:58and habitat loss. The Chadian or Chadian people are known for their hospitality and strong family ties.

07:04The country is highly dependent on international aid for development projects and humanitarian assistance,

07:11particularly in the areas of education and healthcare. Chad is a major transit route for

07:16migrants traveling through Africa to reach Europe. The country has a mix of urban and rural areas,

07:22with a significant portion of the population living in small villages or nomadic lifestyles in the

07:27northern and eastern parts of the country. The country's energy sector is still developing,

07:33and access to electricity is limited, particularly in rural areas. Chad is one of the countries most

07:39affected by the environmental degradation of the Lake Chad Basin, which supports millions of people in

07:45the region. Traditional African religions are practiced by a small percentage of the population,

07:50especially in the southern regions of the country. Chad has experienced tensions with neighboring Sudan,

07:56especially related to Darfur refugees and rebel groups.

08:00The country's political system has been characterized by authoritarianism, with limited freedom of

08:06expression and political opposition. Chad's climate is mostly arid, with the northern part of the country

08:12being part of the Saharan desert. The southern part of Chad has a more tropical climate, with rainy seasons

08:18that support agriculture and livestock farming. Chad has a young and rapidly growing population,

08:24with a high birth rate and a low median age. The country has a significant number of internally displaced

08:30persons due to regional conflicts and violence. Education in Chad faces many challenges, including overcrowded

08:38classrooms, a shortage of teachers, and lack of access to schools in rural areas. The Central African

08:45Republic and Chad have historically had close relations, particularly regarding border security and military

08:51cooperation. Chad has made some progress in reducing child mortality, but many children still suffer from

08:58malnutrition and lack of access to basic health care. The country has a long history of nomadic cultures,

09:05particularly among ethnic groups like the Tubu and the Kanam Bornu. Chad's strategic location in the Sahel

09:11makes it a key player in regional security and peacekeeping efforts in Central Africa. The country is often

09:18involved in peacekeeping missions, particularly in neighboring Sudan and the Central African Republic.

09:24Chad has a well-developed network of traditional markets, where people buy and sell agricultural goods,

09:29crafts, and other products. The government of Chad has worked on expanding mobile phone and internet access,

09:36although connectivity remains limited in rural areas. Despite its challenges, Chad is home to a resilient

09:42population that continues to maintain its cultural traditions and a strong sense of community.

09:48The country's human rights situation remains a major concern, with reports of arbitrary detention,

09:53torture, and restrictions on political freedom. Chad has several important rivers, including the

09:59Chari and Logon rivers, which are vital for irrigation and transportation in the southern regions.

10:05Traditional dress in Chad varies by ethnic group, with bright colors and distinctive patterns often

10:11worn for ceremonial occasions. The majority of Chadians rely on subsistence farming,

10:16with crops grown primarily for local consumption. Chad is known for its vibrant traditional music,

10:22which features a variety of instruments such as drums, flutes, and stringed instruments.

10:27The future of Chad depends on political stability, development of its natural resources,

10:32and improvement of social services like education and healthcare.

10:36Thanks for watching. Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more incredible facts and

10:42insights about the world's most fascinating places. See you in the next video.

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