آیا شبکه برق اروپا میتواند در برابر جنگ، آب و هوا و حملات سایبری جان سالم دوام بیاورد؟
کریستین روبی از یوروالکتریک توضیح می‌دهد که چرا اروپا باید شبکه‌های انرژی خود را مدرن کند تا در آینده‌ای که به طور فزاینده‌ای به الکتریسیته تکیه دارد، در برابر آب و هوای نامساعد، افزایش حملات سایبری و تهدیدات ژئوپلیتیکی دوام بیاورد.
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لب بیشتر : http://parsi.euronews.com/2025/07/29/can-europes-electricity-grid-survive-war-weather-and-cyberattacks
مشترک شوید: یورونیوز به یازده زبان دیگر در دسترس شماست
00:00Europe is in a fairly good spot compared to the rest of the world.
00:04If we look towards the U.S., the grids are in a significantly worse state.
00:08Same in other parts of the world.
00:10That said, we are entering a new era where the amount of threats and challenges
00:16for running stable electricity grids are on the rise.
00:30Hello, and a very warm welcome to Energy Frontiers, our monthly series exploring the global energy
00:37landscape from right here in Baku, Azerbaijan.
00:40This month, we're asking how do we build resilient networks for the future as electrical grids,
00:46transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines, ports and other energy installations are increasingly
00:51coming under threat with hazards ranging from cyber to physical attacks to damage from extreme weather.
00:59We'll be putting all of these questions and more to Christian Ruby, the Secretary-General
01:03of Euroelectric.
01:04But first, here's a quick look at where we stand today.
01:09Renewables will dominate Europe's electricity generation by 2050.
01:14So the need for more flexible, decentralized and secure infrastructure is urgent.
01:19At the same time, cyber attacks on Europe's energy sector have surged,
01:24threatening the stability and resilience of critical systems.
01:27Euroelectric, the Federation of Europe's electricity industry, also points to risks linked to climate
01:34change.
01:35It says weather damage to aging grids has risen exponentially in recent years, underscoring
01:41the vulnerability of existing infrastructure.
01:44It also suggests that EU countries and Norway must invest around 67 billion euros per year
01:52until 2050 to upgrade and future-proof their grids through the energy transition.
02:00I'm delighted to say that joining me now from the Bulgarian capital Sofia is Christian Ruby,
02:05the Secretary-General of Euroelectric.
02:07Christian, it's great to see you.
02:10Thank you for being here today.
02:11Great to see you.
02:12Christian, let me start by asking you about the resilience of Europe's electricity grid.
02:18When you strip away the political rhetoric and you look at the robustness,
02:22the preparedness of the power networks, how protected are they from simultaneous risks?
02:27So the answer is that Europe is in a fairly good spot compared to the rest of the world.
02:33If we look towards the US, the grids are in a significantly worse state.
02:38Same in other parts of the world.
02:40That said, we are entering a new era where the amount of threats and challenges for running stable
02:48electricity grids are on the rise.
02:52We have sabotage, we have hot wars, we have cyber attacks, and we have extreme weather.
02:57This is all making it much more difficult to deliver electricity reliably.
03:02That said, there are regions where the infrastructure is more robust.
03:06For instance, in the Nordics, this is also a region that is more interconnected than the others.
03:12You advocate for decentralization and greater flexibility.
03:16But some critics might say that that simply shifts the risks
03:19from central grids to millions of poorly regulated local ones.
03:23The technological development is basically putting us in a situation where
03:28a lot of things are decentralizing by themselves.
03:31We have millions of new generation sites entering the grid, and there's no stopping
03:38that because this is the most cheap and most available technology.
03:42What we need to do as system operators is to make sure that we can handle such a situation reliably.
03:50This new or decentralized system comes with advantages.
03:54It is more resilient and we've seen, for instance, in Ukraine that it is easier to bomb a centralized power plant rather than a whole bunch of decentralized solar installations.
04:08So there are also upsides when it comes to the resiliency of a more decentralized system.
04:13But the challenge we have in Europe is to make sure that this very decentralized system also operates in a reliable way.
04:21And this is where the centralized machines come in to make sure that there is system stability and that there is backup if the sun goes away or the wind is not available.
04:32Would you say that the war in Ukraine has permanently shifted energy mindsets, not least in terms of how we protect our energy networks?
04:40I was in Ukraine earlier this year to visit a power plant that had been bombed more than 10 times throughout the three years of war.
04:47And it was just amazing to see exactly what that means to work at a plant that is actively being targeted in a war situation.
04:57The roof was missing.
04:59Walls and windows have been blown out.
05:01Pylons were wrought in grotesque shapes and really massive destruction at this site.
05:07And I don't think that this level of destruction has really dawned on European operators.
05:14But I do think that there is a need to understand that we have to have a level of preparedness.
05:21We need to move into a different type of operation when it comes to planning, exercising and having direct contact to the authorities.
05:32We are in a different space than we used to.
05:35And we do see that in these war situations, civil infrastructure is being targeted just because it's so important for society and its ability to defend itself.
05:45Tell me more about the risk of replacing one dependency with another as we move increasingly away, we hope, from fossil fuels.
05:52Are we not looking to be more dependent on rare earths, lithium, cobalt, for example?
05:56This is certainly something we need to be aware of.
05:59And this is also why that we shouldn't walk into a single technology path for the energy transition.
06:05That said, I think it's important to underline that there are a number of very strong European supply chains in the electricity space.
06:14We have a strong wind industry in Europe.
06:17We are very good at producing gas turbines.
06:20We have a lot of manufacturing sites for grid equipment, transformers, cables, et cetera, et cetera.
06:28And we also have a nuclear industry.
06:30So there are a number of European industries that can gain directly from this.
06:35And then we need to gauge carefully the other stuff we import so that we don't replace one dependency with another.
06:44Lastly, Christian, if you had just one minute to meet and brief negotiators and policymakers on the ground in Brazil at COP30, what would you urge them to prioritize?
06:55It's a good question.
06:56I think there's some very interesting developments in the climate negotiations where, for the first time, the focus begins to shift on clean energy infrastructure, such as renewables as grids, et cetera, et cetera.
07:11That's a very welcome development.
07:13The other thing where we could do more is our interconnectors with our neighbors.
07:20If we look at Northern Africa, there's a potential for clean energy that we could harness more.
07:26If we look towards Turkey, for instance, or other neighbors, there is a potential to work more together and trade energy more than we're doing today.
07:37That's all we have time for, Christian.
07:38But thank you so much for joining me from Bulgaria.
07:42Pleasure to be here.
07:42It just also remains for me to thank you, our global audience, for joining me here for this broadcast of Energy Frontiers from Baku in Azerbaijan.
