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During a House Judiciary Committee hearing on Tuesday, Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA) spoke about President Trump's social media posts about judges who rule against him.
Transcript
00:00With that, we go to the ranking member, Mr. Johnson, for five minutes.
00:04Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
00:06For many years, the American judicial system has been a shining light of fairness and impartiality to the world,
00:14a system independent from undue influences or of the other branches, with checks and balances that promote accountability.
00:23Professor DeLille, can you please walk me through some of the specific attributes in the U.S. judicial system
00:31that, broadly speaking, make it a fairer venue to resolve disputes compared to the Chinese court system?
00:42Could you turn your mic on, please?
00:45The contrasts are quite strong.
00:49The U.S. judicial system is, of course, open to pretty much anyone who has a cognizable claim,
00:54who has a claim that is covered by U.S. civil law, regardless of national origin,
01:01regardless of perhaps the motives behind the lawsuit.
01:05And U.S. courts have historically been quite insulated from political pressure.
01:10Of course, in every system, there is some link between politics and courts.
01:14Courts apply the laws adopted by political bodies, Congress in our case,
01:19and judges, of course, are selected even in our system by political processes.
01:25But the contrasts remain profound.
01:28One of the unfortunate developments in China in recent years
01:32has been a ratcheting up of the position that courts should take into account party policy
01:40and national interests and should be accountable to the party,
01:44should be subject to various forms of towing the line, as it were.
01:48Well, let me stop you right there, because now we're starting to see some blending.
01:53You know, unfortunately, many of our judges have been under vicious attack
01:59from our executive branch and MAGA-loving members of Congress.
02:03When judges make a ruling Donald Trump doesn't like,
02:06our felon-in-chief takes to social media,
02:11and he bashes and slanders that judge in a way
02:16that often leads to threats of violence from Trump's base.
02:22At the same time, his cronies in Congress
02:24raced to file articles of impeachment against that judge
02:27without a legitimate shred of evidence of a crime,
02:32a high crime, or a misdemeanor.
02:34Professor DeLille, you've spoken about the unique,
02:37you were speaking about the unique qualities
02:40of the judicial system of the United States
02:42that make it among the fairest systems in the world.
02:46But if we keep politicizing our courts,
02:49like threatening to punish or fanning the flames of violence
02:53against judges who dare rule against President Trump
02:57or his interest, how could this impact the impartiality
03:01and dependability of our courts in the long term?
03:05That obviously is a concern.
03:06I've spent a great deal of time watching Chinese courts
03:09for the last 30 or 40 years,
03:12and I have seen progress and backward motion on this issue,
03:20and the form in which the erosion of the shoots
03:23of judicial independence and fair-mindedness
03:26of Chinese courts, and here the accomplishments
03:28were quite impressive for several decades,
03:31have been under threat because of the demand
03:33that courts take political concerns more directly into account.
03:37At one point, the president of the Supreme People's
03:39Court in China several years ago said that party policy
03:42was one of the principles along with law
03:44that should decide cases.
03:45We've seen judges face lifetime responsibility
03:47for so-called erroneous decisions,
03:50and we've also seen populist pressures on courts,
03:52people in the streets expressing opposition
03:54to the way courts are ruling.
03:56Those are the hallmarks of threats to court independence
04:00and judicial independence.
04:02Stepping outside my lane as a Chinese law expert here,
04:04there are things that look, to me,
04:06disturbingly familiar going on in the United States.
04:10Some proposals I've heard from my colleagues
04:12during my tenure on this committee
04:14would diminish access to the U.S. court system,
04:17putting logistical and huge financial barriers
04:20in place for folks for trying to bring a lawsuit.
04:24This would mean effectively that only the wealthy
04:29or the well-connected could fully take advantage
04:31of our judicial system to resolve their disputes,
04:35and the little guys would be left behind.
04:38Professor DeLille, you are an expert
04:41in the civil justice system.
04:43Is it a good idea to make this system harder
04:46or exponentially more expensive to access?
04:51And if we start mandating that anyone
04:53who wants to bring a suit has to pay exorbitant fees
04:56to get in the door,
04:58how could that impact our impartial system of justice
05:02in this country?
05:04I see my time has expired.
05:06May I answer?
05:06Of course.
05:08I mean, I think a cornerstone
05:11of the U.S. judicial system
05:12is fair access to justice.
05:14You should be able to go to court
05:16if you have a legitimate claim,
05:17and that applies to Chinese parties
05:18as well as U.S. parties.
05:20We've talked about how to screen that out.
05:22And I think there are many things,
05:23either in the form of fees
05:24or in the form of creating barriers
05:26where you must prove the legitimacy of your claim.
05:29We talk about some of the disclosure requirements,
05:31which could chill and impede access.
05:34One of the things I think that U.S. courts,
05:35as I mentioned earlier,
05:36could do to deal with problematic issues from China
05:39is to take measures to dismiss claims
05:43before they proceed to a point
05:44of being highly burdensome to parties.
05:46I would advocate that we look at that stage
05:50rather than closing off litigants
05:51wherever they're from
05:52before they can get through the courthouse door.
05:54And I yield back.
05:56I thank the gentleman.
05:56If I could ask your indulgence
05:58for just one clarification.
06:00Professor, you mentioned political pressures
06:04and the nature in both countries.
06:07Briefly, can you simply say,
06:09is there any real comparison
06:11between our lifetime appointment federal judges
06:13and their likelihood to rule against
06:16the politics that may have gotten them the job
06:21and the Chinese government broadly?
06:26I'm not sure there's a simple answer to that question.
06:28These are obviously matters of degree.
06:31I don't think either system exists at a complete poll.
06:34As I suggested earlier,
06:36there had been welcome signs of progress in China
06:39and there's been some but not complete backsliding.
06:41And I don't think, in my personal opinion,
06:43the U.S. is where it has been or should be.
06:47And I think judges are human beings
06:48and they worry about the way they are addressed
06:52and discussed by the politically powerful.
06:54I think that's probably something of a universal.
06:56I've certainly seen it in China.

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