Oncological diseases are very common disorders (second only to cardiovascular diseases).
Cancer is characterized by the chaotic and continuous development of abnormal (cancerous) cells. These cells do not respond to the body's signals, thus upsetting the balance.
Cancer cells spread throughout the body, starting from a tumor, leading to a generalized form.
Cancer treatment methods are constantly being improved. For example, such treatments as immunotherapy and gene therapy are now being developed. These types of treatment complement classical treatment methods (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery).
Surgery and radiotherapy are used for local cancer treatment, and chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy and gene therapy are used for the general treatment of oncological disorders.
Surgery is used in the treatment of cancer at the beginning of the disease in order to confirm the diagnosis or to completely or partially remove the affected organ or tumor.
Radiotherapy helps to get rid of cancer cells, but it can also harm neighboring healthy cells.
Chemotherapy for cancer uses drugs to target cancer cells throughout the body. Some cells (such as bone marrow cells) are particularly sensitive to this type of therapy.
Hormonal therapy targets the sources of sex hormone production in humans (the ovaries in women and the testicles in men). The fact is that breast and prostate tumors respond to hormonal fluctuations in the body. Blocking hormone production in the body reduces the development of breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Immunotherapy is characterized by the orientation of certain cells of the immune system to cancer cells.
Gene therapy is an innovative method of treating cancer. This type of treatment involves replacing or removing "problematic" genes, thus reducing the likelihood of certain types of cancer.
How to detect cancer in time? There are various mechanisms for detecting cancer. Over time, it has become easier to detect cancer, and treatment is becoming more effective. Cancer prevention depends on each person. Most often, cancer occurs due to the patient's unhealthy lifestyle and behavior.
In order to reduce the risk of cancer, it is recommended to: - quit smoking; - avoid alcohol abuse; - maintain a healthy diet; - avoid prolonged and repeated exposure to solar radiation.
In order to increase the chances of successful treatment of oncological diseases, you should be attentive to the first signals (signs) of the disease.
For an accurate diagnosis, a doctor's consultation and some examinations are required.
Attention! This material is for informational purposes only. If you observe various unusual symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor!
00:04Interesting about science and medicine, prepared by editors of the page of Scientific.
00:16Nowadays cancer is the most serious health disorder.
00:20In developed countries cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease.
00:30Cancer as a disease is characterized by a haotic and continuous development of abnormal cells from a single cell that has become cancerous.
00:50Cancer cells no longer respond to the rules and signals of the body, which upsets its balance.
01:02If left untreated, the tumor expands and destroys other healthy neighboring tissue and spreads to other organs, metastasis.
01:20In this situation cancer is considered to have become generalized.
01:26The search for new type of treatment for the disease continues.
01:38Already now, new treatment methods such as immunotherapy and gen therapy help improve classical type of cancer treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery, which will increase the change against oncological disorder.
01:54Cancer treatment in most cases do not consist of only one therapy.
01:58Typically, oncologist arsenal include the following type of treatment, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy.
02:08Radiotherapy and surgery are used for local treatment.
02:12Cormonal therapy and chemotherapy are used to prevent or treat generalized cancer.
02:17Their effects are seen through the body.
02:20Of course, the choice of treatment types depends on the type of cancer, but also on the general condition and age of patient.
02:32Surgery may be necessary at the beginning of a disease in order to confirm the diagnosis.
02:37It can be used to study cancer lesions and their expansion.
02:42In the case of localization, cancer surgery allows for the complete or partial removal of an affected organ or tumor.
02:52Radiotherapy is a method of treating oncological disease.
02:56This method of treating cancer uses radiation which makes changes at the level of the tissue through which the ray passes.
03:04As a result, cancer cells are destroyed instantly or gradually.
03:07The problem is that radiation can affect nearby healthy tissue.
03:12For this reason, the use of radiation is limited.
03:15The type of radiation used in its dosage depends on the type of cancer.
03:22How does cancer chemotherapy consist of?
03:25Cancer chemotherapy involves various drugs that are usually administered intravenously.
03:30This way, the active chemicals are distributed through the body.
03:34Chemotherapy attacks both the visible signals of the cancer and the invisible or harder to notice on.
03:40A side effect of chemotherapy is that it not only causes the destruction of cancer cells, but also affects the condition of healthy cells.
03:49Chemotherapy is especially harmful to cells that are renewed very quickly, such as bone marrow cells.
03:55How does hormone therapy work in cancer treatment?
04:01Hormone treatment of hormone depend cancers.
04:04Breast cancer or prostate cancer consists of limiting cancer cells in the hormones that they use to multiply.
04:11This hormone signals cancer cells to multiply along the tumor to develop.
04:16By eliminating the place where these hormones are synthesized ovarian testicles, or by blocking the signal for multiplication, the rate of tumor development is reduced.
04:26How does immunotherapy work for cancer?
04:30How does immunotherapy work for cancer?
04:32Immunotherapy consists of using substances that stimulate immune system cells to destroy cancer cells.
04:39So far, the use of this type of treatment remains limited to certain types of cancer.
04:44Gen therapy is a promising method for treating cancer.
04:49Gen therapy is a promising method for treating cancer.
04:52Gen therapy is used as a medicine.
04:54To be more specific, the genes responsible for the appearance and development of cancer in a normal situation are replaced.
05:02But for now, this therapy is at the development stage.
05:07How to detect cancer in time?
05:09The mechanisms of emergence and appearance of abnormal cancer cells are numerous and complex.
05:16They differ both in time and for each form of a disease.
05:20Thanks to advancing medicine, these mechanisms are becoming more understandable, which improve prevention and diagnostic methods, and make treatment more effective.
05:30Prevention of cancer depends primarily on each person.
05:3380% of all types of cancer arise directly from the patient's life and behavior.
05:42What measures should be taken to reduce the likelihood of cancer?
05:47Every person can reduce their own risk by avoiding such contributing factors.
05:51Smoking, alcohol abuse, poor nutrition, long-term and repeated exposure to solar radiation.
05:57Factors such as RADDT and environment have very little effect on the development of cancer.
06:04How to increase the change of sexual treatment of cancer?
06:10In any case, you should pay attention to the first things of the disease, which are signals.
06:16Accurate diagnosis of the disease consists of consulting a doctor and conducting some examination that can identify pre-cancerous disorders, as well as to more in the yearly stage.
06:29With the patient's change of sexual treatment increase, a more detailed description of the cancer allow the patient to better understand the causes, symptoms and evolution of the disease, which help them to identify the disease yearly.
06:42Thank you for your attention.
06:49This material was prepared based on the page of scientific.
06:53Attention, this material is for informational proposals only.
06:56When observing various unusual symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor.
