Les conséquences des droits de douane sur le commerce mondial

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Les conséquences des droits de douane sur le commerce mondial

Les tarifs douaniers du « Liberation Day » introduits par l'administration Trump en avril ont suscité l'incertitude et déclenché un certain nombre de négociations commerciales avec les principaux partenaires commerciaux des États-Unis

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00:00Markets in turmoil, tit-for-tat tariffs and supply chain disruptions.

00:05The global trade industry has weathered through many storms.

00:09How will it navigate the current trade instability and what does it mean for the regular consumer?

00:17Welcome to The Exchange from our studio here in Doha.

00:21Coming up on this episode, we speak to Marco Forgioni,

00:24Director General of the Chartered Institute for Export and International Trade,

00:29for an analysis of the state of global trade.

00:32And later on the show, we'll have insights from Eddie Fishman,

00:36former U.S. diplomat and author of the book Choke Points, The New Economic Warfare,

00:40about using tariffs as a strategy to gain economic leverage.

00:45Global trade is quite literally what makes the world go round.

00:49It's the main lifeline of any country's GDP.

00:52But trade is at a fragile crossroad, threatened by tariffs and uncertain policies.

00:5798% of the world engages in some form of exchange of goods and services.

01:03According to the United Nations, global trade figures hit a record $33 trillion in 2024,

01:09marking a 3.7% jump from the previous year.

01:13But a cloud of uncertainty has loomed over that momentum in 2025,

01:19shaken by tariffs announced by U.S. President Donald Trump.

01:22The so-called Liberation Day tariffs targeted around 90 of the country's trading partners,

01:28including the U.K., China and the European Union.

01:32The decision has prompted countries to initiate bilateral talks with the Trump administration

01:37to negotiate a mutually beneficial trade agreement.

01:41But where does it all leave the average person?

01:44Tariffs are taxes on imported goods that can increase prices of everyday items.

01:49So, while the U.S. terrorists were meant to rebalance trade,

01:53they have started to hurt the pockets of consumers.

01:57The World Bank has already warned that the ongoing trade uncertainty

02:00is bound to hurt global economic growth this year.

02:04I spoke to Marco Forgioni, Director General of the Chartered Institute of Export

02:09and International Trade in the U.K.,

02:11who shared insights on what can be done to soften the blow.

02:14We saw a huge diversion of the ships that were due to be heading to the U.S.

02:24from China shifting and calling to drop their products in the U.K. and the EU.

02:32So that trade diversion is going to be a part of the new world system,

02:39the new world structure.

02:40And that sort of dumping of goods into more open markets

02:45actually creates an existential threat to those domestic markets

02:50because cheaper product coming in, in mass,

02:55obviously undermines domestic manufacturing capability.

03:00We're going to have to see defensive measures taken by other nations

03:04and other markets to protect their domestic production capability.

03:07So you enter a world whereby tariffs become the norm as nations seek

03:14to not just defend their domestic production capability,

03:18but also to secure their domestic marketplace.

03:22It's a challenging environment,

03:23but that's not an encouragement for businesses to retrench.

03:26I think it's about businesses having a more resilient approach

03:31to their international trade.

03:322025 also marks five years since another global shift in trade, Brexit,

03:40leaving the European Union post many challenges for the United Kingdom.

03:45And while the two parties have reached a new trade deal,

03:48our reporter Emeline Nsinghi Nkosi finds out that some communities in the U.K.

03:53have found a silver lining in this new reality.

03:56Hi, Leila, I'm in Tilbury in south-east England,

04:04where the Thames Freeport is reshaping trade.

04:08Thames Freeport is a special economic zone

04:11designed to regenerate the east of London.

04:14Ruth Kelly is at the helm of this transformative initiative.

04:18With a wealth of experience in both government and business,

04:21she's driving Thames Freeport's vision to redefine the U.K.'s trading landscape.

04:26We want to be a supply centre for sustainable construction

04:30and other high manufacturing opportunities,

04:32and that means working really closely with our European partners

04:36to attract trade and to attract added value manufacturing.

04:41The community is already reaping the rewards.

04:44I've always brought my grandchildren here,

04:46but now there's more going on, more activities for them,

04:51and it's just a lovely, warm, safe environment.

04:55The community is going to benefit from the extra apprenticeships

04:58and the skills that have been created

05:00to fulfil the high-value jobs that are coming to the area.

05:04The Freeport is going to create tens of thousands

05:06of good quality jobs in the future.

05:09Thames Freeport isn't just charting a new economic path.

05:13It's also creating new opportunities for these communities

05:16and building a stronger, more connected future for the U.K.

05:24While trade negotiations may lead to a fairer outcome for all parties,

05:29how does using tariffs as a so-called bargaining chip

05:32change global trade as we know it?

05:34I put this question to Eddie Fishman,

05:36who's a former U.S. diplomat based in New York

05:39and author of the book Choke Points,

05:41The New Economic Warfare.

05:44As I talk about in my book Choke Points

05:47that came out earlier this year,

05:48we are living in an age of economic warfare.

05:51Sanctions, export controls, and indeed tariffs

05:54have become the primary way

05:55that big countries are competing with one another.

05:58Countries around the world are seeking

05:59what I would call economic security.

06:01They're trying to reduce their vulnerabilities

06:04to other countries' ability

06:05to impose economic pain on them.

06:08What does the new global economy look like?

06:10I think what we all need to earnestly hope

06:11is that just because there's going to be less interdependence

06:14between the U.S. and adversaries like China and Russia,

06:16that we can still retain interdependence

06:18between the United States and close allies.

06:22Now it's time for our regular feature,

06:24Business in 60 Seconds.

06:26Start the clock.

06:28Amazon is set to release its Q2 2025 financial results

06:31as it unveils new robotic systems

06:34equipped with advanced sensory capabilities.

06:36The e-commerce giant aims to automate warehouse operations

06:40and boost efficiency by having the robots work alongside humans

06:44through increased levels of automation.

06:47Samsung is gearing up to announce

06:49its second quarter 2025 earnings report

06:52as it enhances digital payment solutions

06:54with the tap-to-transfer feature in its wallet.

06:58The innovation taps into the financial technology sector,

07:01positioning the well-known South Korean electronics company

07:04as a significant player in the peer-to-peer payment market.

07:07And L'Oreal is set to report its Q2 2025 performance

07:11building on the successful launch of the Cell Bioprint device

07:16earlier this year.

07:17The personalized skin analysis technology

07:19has generated strong consumer interest,

07:22positioning the worldwide cosmetics company

07:24at the forefront of the skincare market.

07:27While the recent instability has rocked global trade,

07:32it's not entirely uncharted waters.

07:35Countries all over the world will want to find

07:37a steady and calculated strategy

07:39to soften the impact on the economy

07:41and more importantly, on the pockets of the consumer.

07:45Well, that's all the time we have for

07:46on this edition of the show.

07:48Thanks for watching.

07:49Please do check out euronews.com

07:51for all your latest business news

07:52and join us again next time on The Exchange.

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