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The Metamorphosis - Franz Kafka (1915) Summary

Category: Psychological
Genre: Classics, Fantasy, Fiction, German Literature, Horror, Literature, Philosophy, Short Stories

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Book at a glance: The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, first published in 1915, is one of the most iconic works of existentialist and surrealist fiction. It tells the story of Gregor Samsa, a traveling salesman who wakes up one morning to find himself inexplicably transformed into a gigantic insect-like creature. This novella explores themes of alienation, guilt, identity, and the absurdity of human existence, reflecting Kafka's distinct kafkaesque style.

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Transcript
00:00Hello, everyone. Welcome to Celsius 233, your go-to place for fiction book summaries.
00:06Today we will immerse ourselves in The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka.
00:11The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, first published in 1915,
00:15is one of the most iconic works of existentialist and surrealist fiction.
00:20It tells the story of Gregor Samsa, a traveling salesman who wakes up one morning
00:24to find himself inexplicably transformed into a gigantic insect-like creature.
00:28This novella explores themes of alienation, guilt, identity, and the absurdity of human existence,
00:36reflecting Kafka's distinct Kafkaesque style.
00:39Plot Summary
00:40One morning, as Gregor Samsa awoke from uneasy dreams,
00:45he found himself transformed into a monstrous insect.
00:48His body, now covered in a hard shell and equipped with numerous legs that fluttered helplessly before
00:53his eyes, was unrecognizable.
00:55Lying on his back in his small room, Gregor initially believed it was a dream.
01:01But as he tried to move and found himself unable to roll over or control his limbs,
01:06the terrible reality sank in.
01:08His thoughts quickly turned to his job as a traveling salesman.
01:12His family depended on his income, and he had planned to leave for work that very morning.
01:17Panic set in as he realized he had overslept,
01:20and soon, his boss's assistant would arrive to check on him.
01:25Gregor's family, unaware of his transformation, began knocking on his door.
01:29His mother and sister, Gret, expressed concern when they heard him still in his room so late in the morning.
01:35His father, more forcefully, demanded an explanation.
01:39Gregor tried to respond, but his voice was now distorted into a high-pitched squeak,
01:44alien and unsettling.
01:45The family couldn't understand his words.
01:48As he struggled to get out of bed, there was a knock at the door.
01:52His boss's assistant had indeed come to find out why Gregor hadn't shown up for work.
01:57With great effort, Gregor managed to roll off the bed and open the door using his newly formed insect limbs.
02:04The sight of him immediately caused shock and horror.
02:07His mother fainted, his father was horrified,
02:09and the assistant fled the apartment, too stunned to believe what he had seen.
02:14Gregor, in his new form, was unable to explain himself or reassure his family.
02:20His father, furious and disgusted, forced him back into his room,
02:24driving him with a stick and a newspaper,
02:26until Gregor, wounded and bleeding, retreated to the confines of his space.
02:31Over the following days, Gregor's life took a miserable turn.
02:35His family, who had once depended on him, now viewed him as a burden.
02:38They avoided entering his room unless absolutely necessary, leaving him isolated and unable to communicate.
02:45His sister, Gret, took it upon herself to feed him, though she did so with a mixture of pity and revulsion.
02:51At first, she brought him milk, his favorite drink, but Gregor found it repulsive in his new state.
02:57As time passed, she began bringing him scraps of rotting food,
03:01which Gregor devoured with an appetite he barely understood.
03:04Gregor's family, struggling financially without his income, began making sacrifices.
03:11His father, who had previously been too old and weak to work, took up a job as a bank messenger.
03:17His mother sewed clothes for neighbors, and Gret, once a carefree girl, began working as a shop assistant.
03:23The family grew resentful of Gregor's presence,
03:26and the love they had once shown him faded into a sense of duty and shame.
03:30Gregor, unable to communicate or contribute, became acutely aware of how much of a burden he had become.
03:37His room, once filled with furniture and personal belongings,
03:41was gradually emptied by Gret and their mother, who thought it would give him more space to move around.
03:47The process left Gregor feeling increasingly detached from his human past.
03:51One day, as Gret and her mother attempted to move the last piece of furniture out of Gregor's room,
03:57his mother caught sight of him clinging to a picture on the wall in a desperate attempt to preserve something from his former life.
04:04Horrified, she fainted.
04:06In the ensuing chaos, Gregor's father returned home, and, misunderstanding the situation, assumed Gregor had attacked his mother.
04:13In a fit of rage, he hurled apples at Gregor, one of which lodged painfully in his back, leaving a deep wound that never fully healed.
04:22As time passed, Gregor's family grew increasingly indifferent toward him.
04:27His presence in the household became an unspoken shame, and they kept his door closed, interacting with him only when absolutely necessary.
04:35Even Gret, who had been the most sympathetic, began to grow tired of caring for him.
04:40The family took in boarders to make ends meet, and Gregor was confined to his room even more strictly, to avoid disturbing them.
04:48One evening, however, as Gret played her violin for the boarders, Gregor, drawn to the music, crawled out of his room.
04:56His appearance horrified the boarders, who demanded to leave immediately without paying rent.
05:01This event became the breaking point for the family.
05:04Gret, once his closest ally, declared that they could no longer tolerate Gregor's existence.
05:09She insisted that the creature in the room was no longer her brother, and the family would be better off without him.
05:15Gregor, hearing this, retreated to his room, overcome with sorrow and guilt.
05:20His body, weakened by the lack of food and the infection from the wound in his back, gave out.
05:26Alone in the darkness, Gregor took his final breath, succumbing to the physical and emotional toll of his transformation.
05:33The next morning, when the family discovered Gregor's lifeless body, they felt an overwhelming sense of relief.
05:40The father, once so aggressive toward Gregor, gently pushed his body out of the room with a broom.
05:45The family, now free from the burden of Gregor's existence, decided to leave their apartment and start anew.
05:51They took a leisurely walk in the countryside, discussing their future plans.
05:55Gret, in particular, seemed to blossom in this new chapter of their lives.
06:01The parents realized she had grown into a young woman, full of potential, and began making plans for her future.
06:08The weight of Gregor's existence had lifted, and they felt hopeful for the first time in a long while.
06:14This was just one story, France Kafka has plenty more for you to discover.
06:18Check them out in the description or on Celsius 233.
06:21Remember, while our summaries capture the essence, they can never replace the full experience of reading the book.
06:28If this summary intrigued you, consider diving into the complete story, buy the book, and immerse yourself in France Kafka's original work.
06:36Bye-bye, take care, have fun.

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