🔹 Meaning: Arabic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting Arabic script in a highly decorative, stylized, and often geometric or flowing form.
🔹 Importance:
Islamic Art – Used to decorate mosques, manuscripts, and religious texts, especially the Quran.
Cultural Identity – Represents Arab and Islamic heritage and aesthetic beauty.
Spiritual Dimension – Many calligraphers consider writing Quranic verses as an act of devotion.
🔹 Main Styles:
Kufi (كوفي) – Oldest, angular, used in early Qurans and architecture.
Naskh (نسخ) – Clear, rounded, used in printed Qurans and books.
Thuluth (ثلث) – Large, elegant, for mosque inscriptions and titles.
Diwani (ديواني) – Cursive, decorative, used in Ottoman documents.
Ruq’ah (رقعة) – Simple, daily handwriting.
Farisi (Persian/Ta’liq) – Slanted, fluid, popular in Persian and Urdu calligraphy.
🔹 Tools Used:
Qalam (reed pen)
Ink (traditional black or coloured)
Paper or parchment
🔹 Learning Arabic Calligraphy: It requires: ✔️ Practice of strokes and letters. ✔️ Understanding proportion and spacing. ✔️ Patience to master fluidity and style.
