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  • 7/2/2025

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00:00Dinosaurs ruled the planet for over 150 million years.
00:15They occupied almost every corner of the globe
00:19and came in almost every shape and size imaginable.
00:24Some were truly extraordinary.
00:30We now know that T-Rex was a powerful swimmer.
00:36Velociraptors were cunning feathered hunters.
00:41And that some dinosaurs had the most bizarre behavior.
00:48But new discoveries are being made almost every day
00:52that tell us more about life on this planet 66 million years ago.
01:00This time on Prehistoric Planet, we reveal new animals
01:08and new insight into their quest to find a partner.
01:14The challenges faced by raising a family.
01:18And their titanic battles.
01:22Journey to a time when nature put on its greatest show.
01:28Journey to a time when nature put on its greatest show.
01:38This is Prehistoric Planet Number Two.
01:42This is the largest expanse of lava to flood the Earth for 100 million years.
01:56The Deccan in central India.
02:12A hellish place.
02:14A hellish place.
02:16And certainly not where you would expect to find dinosaurs.
02:22And yet giants risk their lives traveling here.
02:26выпускin'
02:36a
02:39efici масс
02:40and all
02:41are females.
02:42Lava has been flowing in the Deccan for so long that in places it is a mile thick.
03:12Every spring, females leave the safety of their forest home to make a perilous journey into these badlands.
03:42They can pick a safe route through cooled, hardened lava, but there are other dangers here.
04:02In addition to the steam, a deadly mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide spews from volcanic vents.
04:10In the cool pre-dawn air, these heavy gases sink to create a barely visible suffocating blanket.
04:22Just a few lungfuls can kill.
04:31But Isisaws have one crucial advantage.
04:35Their long necks can keep their heads above this blanket of poisonous fumes.
04:42But ahead lies a place where this will be hard to do.
04:58They're entering a low-lying area where the deadly gases are particularly thick.
05:13And for these females, something is already wrong.
05:26And worse, as the sun rises and warms the air, the gases swirl even higher.
05:32Long necks can no longer protect the herd.
05:39Long necks can no longer protect the herd.
05:44They must escape to higher ground, and quickly.
05:51The climb is steep, but should bring fresher air.
05:57The climb is steep, but should bring fresher air.
06:00The climb is steep, but should bring fresher air.
06:16Relief at last.
06:19And ahead, their final destination.
06:26A volcanic island in the sky.
06:31Rising high above these treacherous badlands.
06:34The huge crater, a caldera, provides a safe communal nesting ground.
06:57The surrounding sea of poisonous gases helps to keep predators away.
07:02And the inbuilt geothermal heating makes it an ideal incubator.
07:11Each mother digs a seven-foot trench in the warm sand.
07:31To hold over 20 melon-sized eggs.
07:44The eggs are safe in the caldera for now, but this is just the beginning of their story.
07:53In a few months, hundreds of tiny babies will hatch to face this desolate world.
07:59If any are to survive, they'll need a perfectly timed change in conditions.
08:08The badlands of the prehistoric planet tests even dinosaurs to their limits.
08:14The badlands of the prehistoric planet tests even dinosaurs to their limits.
08:16The badlands of the prehistoric planet tests even dinosaurs to their limits.
08:26This strange landscape, carved by scouring winds and vast ancient rivers, might appear empty of life.
08:31This strange landscape, carved by scouring winds and vast ancient rivers, might appear empty of life.
08:45But here in Asia, hidden in these narrow canyons, is a new family of velociraptors.
09:04The young are just a few weeks old.
09:16The young will make them bits ofontinuya's
09:28as lots of hidden nuggets of trees.
09:31Right in the thickness of the stone.
09:33The Ryloo teleondries when elf websomes human Paulo
09:36and they get the most古ic planet in the world.
09:38It might seem that in such a barren place, they face an uncertain future.
09:50Their survival relies on a strange event, not here, but miles from their home.
10:04Across the Baking Desert lies a forest,
10:07trapped in a sea of sand.
10:11A change in the seasons brings rare water to this region.
10:19Huge stands of poplar trees mark its arrival with a flush of nutritious leaves.
10:28A magnet that draws many hungry animals.
10:31Long-necked nemectosaurs are joined by Mongolian titanosaurs.
10:43And with them, much smaller pranosephaly.
10:57But one thing stands in their way.
11:13This immense plateau.
11:15And the only way to reach the forest is through this maze of canyons.
11:27As they enter, the herd becomes nervous.
11:45It's a good place for an ambush.
11:48The velociraptors are waiting.
12:02The velociraptors are waiting.
12:03The velociraptors are waiting.
12:04The velociraptors are waiting.
12:05The velociraptors are waiting.
12:06But they can't possibly tackle a titanosaur.
12:15Success will depend instead on other hunters on the prowl.
12:20No.
12:21Do bitcoin.
12:25Fen'elo...
12:41ε...
12:45Tarbosaurs.
13:03Tarbosaurs.
13:05Asa's version of Tyrannosaurus rex.
13:22As the predators approach, panic spreads.
13:35Only the Pronocephaly can escape to higher ground.
13:56And this is what the Velociraptors have waited for.
14:05Now the Velociraptors can finally spring their ambush.
14:22At last.
14:26Working together, they have secured a meal for the whole family.
14:35The Tarbosaurs have also had success.
14:43For predators, it's actually a time of plenty.
14:52And for the Velociraptors, the perfect time to start a family.
14:57Having clever, caring parents can give youngsters an excellent start.
15:04And here in the Badlands of Asia,
15:06there are few more dedicated dinosaur parents than these.
15:11A colony of nesting Corrithoraptors.
15:13A colony of nesting Corrithoraptors.
15:17start, and here in the Badlands of Asia there are few more dedicated dinosaur
15:24parents than these. A colony of nesting Corithoraptors.
15:39A few days ago females laid eggs on these circular mounds.
15:47But the job of brooding them falls to the males, and that is not easy.
16:00Exposed to the midday sun, the eggs would soon cook.
16:18But the fathers used their broad tail and fallen feathers to keep the nest shaded.
16:31And pay a heavy price, enduring hour after hour in the searing heat.
16:44.
16:57.
16:59.
17:03At last, in the cool of the evening, the males can step away in search of prude.
17:26This is when nesting in a colony brings benefits.
17:36Instead of all leaving at once, the Corythoraptors take turns.
17:44So there's always a neighbor keeping an eye out for danger.
17:48But even this neighborhood watch can't guarantee their safety.
17:55A female Kurukula, a relative of Velociraptors.
18:03She is extremely hungry, but wary of the Corythoraptors' powerful beaks and claws.
18:10A female Kurukula, a relative of Velociraptors.
18:15She is extremely hungry, but wary of the Corythoraptors' powerful beaks and claws.
18:20But she has one key advantage.
18:36Her night vision is better than that of the owners of the nests.
18:41If she's quiet, she can sneak into the colony undetected.
18:58She picks her target carefully.
19:11This is her chance.
19:26But not to attack.
19:29This predator is also a thief.
19:41She will eat as many eggs as fast as she can.
20:05She will eat as many eggs as fast as she can.
20:09She will eat as many eggs as fast as she can.
20:11She will eat as many eggs as fast as she can.
20:12She will eat as many eggs as fast as she can.
20:16Time's up.
20:19She's been discovered.
20:23One last egg to take away.
20:25She now has a chance to enjoy her stolen egg in peace.
20:29She now has a chance to enjoy her stolen egg in peace.
20:50She now has a chance to enjoy her stolen egg in peace.
20:54But this thief shares her spoils.
21:03With these purring sounds, she calls her young.
21:08Her chicks are not long out of the nest themselves.
21:29They need to learn that this strange new object is food.
21:44And discover how to break into it.
21:47Maybe their beak.
21:56Or perhaps a claw.
22:00A claw.
22:21Success.
22:22Perhaps more by luck than skill.
22:28But still a vital lesson for this next generation of egg thieves.
22:34In the Badlands, the relief of cooler nights is all too soon followed by the return of the intense heat of the sun's rays.
22:52The temperature on the surface of the sand can soar to over 160 degrees Fahrenheit.
23:07Any water here soaks away or evaporates in seconds.
23:14This is one of the driest places on Earth.
23:17Without water, no animal can survive.
23:36Yet this is home to these young Tarchia.
23:39They are desert living ankylosaurs.
23:59Heavily armored with huge clubbed tails.
24:02Dark patches protect the Tarchia's eyes from the glaring sun.
24:11Dark patches protect the Tarchia's eyes from the glaring sun.
24:21And this is the sound of Tarchia's very own air conditioning system.
24:27Their large nose cools the air as it leaves the body, condensing and so conserving valuable water with every breath.
24:43It allows them to survive long periods without drinking as they search for a meal.
24:49The high temperatures here create scouring winds which carve the rocks into extraordinary shapes.
25:05But they also strip the ground of soil.
25:07Some plants, however, manage to take root in cracks between the rocks.
25:23Any meagre mouthful is worth competing for.
25:26Any meagre mouthful is worth competing for.
25:43With every minute, the sun climbs higher.
25:48Soon, all shade will be gone.
25:50And even these masters of the desert welcome a drink.
25:57Sometimes.
26:05Like many nomads, the Tarchia have a mental map of the desert.
26:10And can travel across empty landscapes with unerring accuracy.
26:15They remember the rare places where there are natural springs.
26:31Desert oases, like this one.
26:38A lifesaver for animals that can find them.
26:45.
26:49.
26:51.
26:54.
27:05,
27:07.
27:09.
27:10.
27:13.
27:14.
27:15Tensions often run high around an oasis.
27:23But a display of strength can prevent a dangerous battle.
27:37In the end, the pronocephaly are little more than annoying.
27:45But an adult Tartia is another matter.
27:56Especially one almost twice the youngster's weight.
28:00It wields a club weighing almost fifty pounds.
28:16If this comes to a fight, the juvenile can't win.
28:31But reinforcements are on the way.
28:41The pair are reunited.
28:45Now there are twice as many swinging clubs for the adult to deal with.
28:57He decides that perhaps there is enough water here for everyone to share.
29:12He decides that perhaps there is enough water here for everyone to share.
29:25The young Tartia can finally drink in peace.
29:40But they may not be able to enjoy their rest for long.
29:46The young Tartia can finally drink in peace.
29:53But they may not be able to enjoy their rest for long.
29:58In Badlands, conditions can change with astonishing speed.
30:15Rising summer temperatures fuel electric storms hundreds of miles wide.
30:21Here in the Deccan, these seasonal storms cause a shift in the wind direction.
30:32And around the caldera, where the isosaur females laid their eggs months ago,
30:39the poisonous gases have now blown away.
30:42Providing a critical window of opportunity.
30:45There are strange sounds coming from beneath the sand.
31:02Baby isosaurs are calling to each other from inside their eggs.
31:08It helps to synchronize their hatching.
31:15But then, there is a pretty good line when they're here.
31:18That's not a big puzzle.
31:23So I'm taking a back of the Carten's time to get out of here...
31:25...and I will try for win the same time.
31:28You have to be able to get out of here.
31:30Or like, maybe if you need a young Tartieunda at the first time,
31:31go ahead and shoot the other side.
31:33Just for that time, there is more of a rare world to join your sea.
31:37You have to be able to be able to hospitable level.
31:39I have to pick them up to the next time,
31:41who have to be able to escape from this space.
31:43The babies are relatively tiny, less than a foot long.
32:01There's nothing to eat except their mother's dung.
32:05Surprisingly, it's very nutritious, and important to the hatchlings in other ways, too.
32:20It introduces healthy bacteria into their guts, and it also contains pheromones that, like smells, will enable them to find their mother's herd.
32:31It will lead them to the safety of the forest.
32:52But the journey isn't easy.
32:55The winds may have changed in their favor, but many dangers lie ahead for the young isosaurs.
33:09Hot springs, and bubbling pools of liquid mud.
33:22A deadly trap.
33:39A deadly trap.
33:56After two days of trekking, the babies' reserves are running low.
34:01But their mothers have come to the rescue again.
34:09Small plants have taken root in the cracked lava, sprouting from seeds dropped in the mother's dung.
34:17But a new danger is heading their way.
34:31Now the wind has cleared the toxic gases, the door opens for predators.
34:40A rajasaur.
34:47With so many babies out in the open, this could be a feast.
34:52Cracks in the lava are the only possible hiding place.
35:13Cracks in the lava are the only possible hiding place.
35:22Nearly 51-
35:40Cracks in the lava is secure.
35:43Tracks in the lava is being explored.
35:44Saiyajina is conquered by island holiness.
35:46Chapter 4
35:50Dollar is never Almighty.
35:51More Raja Swords arrive.
36:21More Raja Swords arrive.
36:51More Raja Swords arrive.
37:21More Raja Swords arrive.
37:26Despite the dangers, hundreds of babies succeed in reaching the forest.
37:35Here, they will live together, hidden in the undergrowth, for several years.
37:45Until finally, they are big enough to join their mother's herds.
37:50With luck, the females among them will return to this crater in years to come to lay eggs of their own.
38:09Like many animals that live in such inhospitable places, the risks will be high.
38:17But there are also great opportunities in the badlands of the prehistoric planet.
38:28This is the fossilized egg of a giant dinosaur, a titanosaur.
38:40When freshly laid, it would have weighed around a kilo and a half, and its shell is about two millimeters thick.
38:58While the eggs certainly were tough, they still needed to be kept safe and warm.
39:11So, how did dinosaurs take care of their eggs?
39:18In order to protect their eggs from predators and to keep their eggs warm, dinosaurs evolved a list of strategies.
39:25One of these strategies was to build a nest and then to actually sit on top of the nest.
39:29We know certain dinosaurs did this because we actually have fossils of dinosaurs sat on top of nests.
39:40Eggs found in these nests contain tiny babies of the same species as the adults,
39:47providing the first evidence that some dinosaurs looked after their young.
39:52But although this offered protection and shelter from the elements, there was a downside to incubating eggs in this way.
40:05Having to sit on an egg and actually look after it means that you are committed to the care of that egg
40:12for the entire duration of their development up until the point of hatching.
40:15For some dinosaurs, it was a commitment worth making.
40:24But others, like sauropods, faced a different challenge.
40:30It's likely that some dinosaurs never sat on their eggs.
40:34After all, many of these animals weighed tons and tons and would simply have crushed them before they had any chance of hatching.
40:40So what was their solution?
40:45There are some sauropod egg clutches where the female excavated a long trench with her back feet.
40:55She then backfilled the trench once she had laid all the eggs.
41:01This behaviour can be seen today.
41:06Turtles bury their eggs to protect them from predators.
41:11And the sun-warmed sand keeps them at the ideal temperature.
41:16But some dinosaurs had another trick to keep their eggs warm.
41:21We think some dinosaur groups deliberately collected and piled up rotting vegetation.
41:30They basically formed a compost heap on top of their egg-filled nests.
41:36Bush turkeys in Australia use this remarkable technique.
41:42As the vegetation breaks down, it releases enough heat to incubate their eggs for around seven weeks.
41:49But it was a discovery in 2010 that revealed that some dinosaurs had an even more unusual way of keeping their eggs warm.
42:03They used heat from the Earth itself.
42:06In one particular site in Argentina that's had lots of sauropod egg discoveries, it's right next door to some geothermal springs.
42:16We're thinking the sauropods were using that volcanic activity to help keep its eggs warm.
42:21Another location, the Deccan region of India, one of the most volcanic areas during the late Cretaceous, provides more evidence.
42:34There are many, many layers of lava.
42:38Then in between the lava flows, we find dinosaur eggs.
42:46Dinosaurs were coming to this location even when it was highly active volcanically.
42:49Using it as a nesting site for literally centuries.
42:58Dinosaurs had many ways to ensure their eggs would hatch.
43:03And their eggs would hatch.
43:06But we can be certain of one thing.
43:11Their methods worked very effectively.
43:14Helping them to rule the world for over 150 million years.
43:19A
43:32Mini
43:37Li
43:39Li
43:43it