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Why Are Flies So Hard To Swat?
Live Science
Follow
6/17/2025
One secret is their specialized hind wings. High-speed cameras show that flies' modified hind wings help with their speedy takeoffs.
Category
🤖
Tech
Transcript
Display full video transcript
00:00
Why are flies so hard to swat?
00:04
A fly buzzes past your head and lands nearby.
00:08
You grab a fly swatter and you strike.
00:12
But no matter how quick you are, the fly escapes unharmed.
00:16
What is it that makes flies so hard to swat?
00:20
Flies have many adaptations that give them extra speed, maneuverability
00:24
and perception, making them very, very good at
00:28
protecting and evading your swats. And new evidence shows
00:32
that one of the ways they do that is with vibrations of stick-like structures
00:36
with a knob at the end, called halteers.
00:40
When halteers vibrate during flight, they're sensing body rotations and
00:44
transmitting information to the flies' wings, which helps flies to stabilize their bodies.
00:48
However, houseflies also vibrate their halteers
00:52
while walking, but scientists didn't know why. So they looked at
00:56
houseflies and their close relatives to see if oscillating halteers
01:00
affected how the flies launch into the air.
01:02
Scientists filmed flies during takeoff using high-speed cameras,
01:06
recording footage at speeds up to 3,000 frames per second.
01:10
They found that houseflies, and other closely related flies,
01:14
launch themselves around five times faster than other flies,
01:18
and with just one wingbeat.
01:20
When scientists removed those flies' halteers,
01:22
it took them longer to take off, and some took a nosedive
01:26
and crash-landed.
01:28
But halteers aren't the only secret weapon in a fly's evasive arsenal.
01:32
Fruit flies can change course in under one one-hundredth of a second,
01:36
about 50 times faster than an eye can blink.
01:40
Flies also have exceptional vision, which helps them react to a threat,
01:44
and adjust their trajectory within milliseconds before takeoff.
01:50
With all these built-in advantages,
01:52
it's no wonder that the fly you're trying to swat
01:54
can easily escape and just buzz off.
01:58
Aerodynamic flies.
02:02
Just another one of life's little mysteries.
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