The Reason Why 99.9% Mongolia is Completely Empty? in hindi
Mongolia is so empty and its geography and history has alot of role in it. Most of the country is made up of vast plains and deserts, like the Gobi Desert, where not many people live. There is a dark side of Mongolia which very few people know about.
00:00This is Mongolia, the eighteenth largest country in the world which is 99.7% completely empty
00:07The entire population of Mongolia lives in the white highlighted area from this injury
00:11And that's why this is probably the world's emptiest country
00:14But the very interesting thing is that Mongolia was not always so empty
00:19In 80 CE the population of Mongolia was 10,000,000
00:22But then something happened that in one stroke 8,000,000 people from Mongolia were wiped out
00:27Two events in Mongolia's geography and history play a major role in this strange population pattern
00:35The truth is that in today's video we are going to know the story of a historical and beautiful country like Mongolia which probably very few of you would know
00:44First let us know about the geography of Mongolia
00:47Mongolia is the largest landlocked country in the world
00:50Because there is no sea along any part of it
00:53Mongolia is bordered by Russia to the north and Ghana to the south
00:56The closest sea to Mongolia is the Yellow Sea, which is 100 kms long.
01:00And this is why the monsoon winds coming from the Andean and Pacific Ocean rarely reach here.
01:06And that is why the whole mainland area of Mongolia is covered with desert.
01:10And this is also where Asia's largest and the world's fifth largest Gobi Desert is located.
01:15This desert is a big mystery in itself.
01:19There is extreme weather here
01:21The temperature in Sarthi falls to minus 38 degrees
01:24and in summer it reaches up to 42 degrees
01:27This Gobi Desert has also been the strategic center of the Mongol Empire
01:31All the military camps of Genghis Khan used to go to the rest of the world from this desert
01:35And due to these tough conditions, Mongol wars were considered the toughest and bloodiest in the world
01:41It is also famous about Kobi Desert that Genghis Khan is buried somewhere in this desert
01:46One of the biggest reasons for the dryness of this mainland site is that Mongolia is surrounded by very high mountain ranges on all sides.
01:54Here in the south, there are Hamle As and then this Kunlun mountain range which blocks the rain winds from coming from this direction
02:01Similarly, on the Western site, there is the Altai Mountain Range which blocks the water coming from the Western site.
02:06So what happens now is that the winds coming from the Southern and Western sides bring rain only on these high mountains.
02:12And only dry and cold air reaches the western and southern sides of Mongolia.
02:17And that's why this Western and Southern Mongolia is not fit for living
02:21And it's always been empty like this
02:24Now let's come to the northern side
02:26There are three mountain ranges here
02:28One is the Khaufsgol Mountain Range
02:29Below it is the Khangai Mountain Range
02:32And then on the eastern side is the Khentii Mountain Range
02:35And these three mountain ranges together form something like a triangle.
02:38Due to which the dry and cold winds coming from the Western, Southern and Northern sides
02:43does not reach this triangle area
02:46And this is why the temperature in the rest of Mongolia drops to minus 40 degrees.
02:50At the same time, the minimum temperature in this triangle falls only to minus 2
02:54And hence Mongolia's capital Ulaanbaatar is also in this triangle.
02:59This harsh weather is the reason why this is the only area in Mongolia that is capable of growing anything or doing agriculture.
03:06But this area constitutes only 0.4% of the total area of Mongolia.
03:11Similarly, the highest rainfall in entire Mongolia also occurs in this triangle.
03:16Goa has received only 350 mm of rain but you can still see lush green areas on the northern side of the map
03:23Now the interesting thing is that how can there be so much greenery here with so little rain
03:28Here again, these three mountain ranges rule
03:32You must have read the concept of erosion of the soil from the mountains in geography.
03:36That when it rains, all the minerals from the mountains come down to the valley with that rain water
03:42Due to which the soil of the valley below becomes very fertile.
03:45Something similar happens due to these three mountain ranges
03:48And that's why you see this lush green area here
03:52So till now we have seen how due to geography
03:55Only 0.3% of Mongolia's area is inhabited by people
03:59But there is another reason why Mongolia is so empty
04:03that these general population is very less here
04:06but what is the point of this
04:08Although I told you at the beginning of the video
04:10that in the 18th century there were 10 lakh people living in Mongolia
04:13But then 8 lakh people
04:16This means 80% of Mongolia's population was wiped out
04:19And only 2 lakh people survived
04:21And from then to today the population growth of Mongolia
04:24Could not achieve the rate which was there in 18th century
04:27So what exactly happened in the 18th century?
04:29This story begins in the year 1200
04:32When Mongolia looked like this
04:34And Genghis Khan ruled here
04:36And these secrets are from the Pacific to the Caspian Sea
04:38and was spread from Russia to Tibet
04:41But then after Genghis Khan died
04:43This whole Mongol Empire got divided into small parts
04:46Now the Mongols were tired of the war and bloodshed the day before yesterday
04:50And they were looking for peace
04:52And this was the same time when Buddhism was spreading here in India.
04:56It had reached Central Asia
04:58Many Mongol empires were influenced by Buddhism
05:02Today's Mongolia which was under the control of the Jangar Dynasty at that time
05:05Buddhism also started spreading rapidly there
05:08And just like that 100 years passed by
05:10Then in 1636 here in the North Eastern Chinese Province of Manchuria
05:14The Ching Dynasty began
05:15The Ching were thirsty for the blood of the Mongols
05:17Because the Mongols had ruled over them for years
05:20and their land was also fertile
05:22In just the next 50 years, this Ching Dynasty Northern China
05:25and conquering southern Mongolia
05:27Here Jangar reached the border of the dynasty
05:30The Jangar dynasty was not ready for this attack
05:32Because after spending so many years in Buddhist ideology
05:35He was not ready for any attack
05:38And that is why between 1755 and 1757
05:41The Ching Dynasty defeated the Junggar Dynasty in consecutive wars
05:44and killed 800,000 people
05:47This place is still known as Jangar Jainsite.
05:51After this, Mongolia remained under the control of first the Ching Dynasty and then the Soviet Union.
05:55But its population growth could never recover again
05:59And obviously one reason for this was the killing of 8 lakh people
06:03And the second reason was Buddhism
06:04This was the biggest loss due to adoption of Buddhism among Mongols
06:08that one in every three men became a monk
06:11And he did not marry all his life.
06:13The Soviet Union of 1910 adopted a number of policies
06:16Tried hard to increase this birth rate
06:18And he was quite successful too
06:20Wedding Vida couples were given cash funds and in some cases, even houses
06:24And that is why since World War II
06:27The birth rate in Mongolia has been steadily increasing
06:29But still the damage that Mongolia suffered in the 18th century
06:33it still isn't full
06:35Buddhism is still the dominant religion in Mongolia
06:38And even today many men in Mongolia do not marry throughout their lives
06:42And this fact is not improving Mongolia's population pattern at all
06:46So in today's video we saw how Mongolia's harsh geography and its history
06:51This whole population pattern has been shaped
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