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00:00the flight accident
00:02about the flight accident
00:04so three weeks later
00:06I had one question about you
00:08I was trying to inform you
00:10what is going on in the cockpit
00:12what is going on in the cockpit
00:14one pilot
00:16one pilot
00:18and the ATC pump
00:20that's going to be in the fall
00:22and what is going on
00:24what is going on in this video
00:26why is the flight and aviation institute
00:28application institute Nirwaha Kalu, Capital Mamata Garo.
00:30We are going to tell you how.
00:31Namaste Ma.
00:32Namaste Ma.
00:32So my first thing,
00:33I was just going to talk about my walk in Ahmedabad.
00:39So if I was back to this,
00:41first question is,
00:43what is the safe Boeing or how safe it is?
00:47What do you think you are doing?
00:48Now, these particular aircraft are about Dreamliner aircraft.
00:53These have been started manufacturing in 2010.
00:56So, it was almost 15 years ago.
00:5815 years ago, this is the first of its kind accident.
01:02In fact, it was a lot of safe planes and most wanted by all pilots.
01:07It's a very safe aircraft with a lot of redundancy systems.
01:20So, the accident was really very unfortunate.
01:24But, what is the actual reason for investigation?
01:28There can be various reasons.
01:29It could be a technical fault.
01:31It can be a pilot error.
01:32It can be an environment situation.
01:34So, if we were to know exactly what we were to know,
01:36we could be able to know a level of investigation.
01:43So, my present question is,
01:45a model cockpit.
01:46And here, the simulation is for students.
01:49So, now, we are looking at this cockpit,
01:51Dreamliner cockpit.
01:53And what is in the main cockpit?
01:55Yes, we are looking at this.
01:57Now, this is a small plane.
01:59It is a twin engine small plane simulator.
02:03This is for students.
02:05So, we can do a simulator.
02:06Now, we can do a simulator.
02:09We can do a simulator.
02:10So, we can do all the exercises for the aircraft.
02:15Now, there is an emergency.
02:16Let's say, it's a fire on the engine.
02:19We can't put a fire on the engine and demonstrate.
02:22It's not possible.
02:23So, that's why simulators create tiny.
02:25So, that we demonstrate whatever we cannot do on the aircraft,
02:29we can do those emergencies on the simulator.
02:32Okay.
02:33So, even with all planes, there is a 787 simulator.
02:36There is a 777, A320, Boeing 737.
02:40Every aircraft, there is a same cockpit as a simulator.
02:44Okay.
02:45So, there is a lot of emergencies for pilots.
02:48There is a lot of emergencies for pilots.
02:49There is a lot of emergencies for pilots.
02:51Then, he goes to fly.
02:53And that's why.
02:54Every six months, there is a refresh.
02:56So, the pilot training is very intensive.
02:59And nobody compromises on safety.
03:03So, even the pilot who was flying,
03:07was a very well experienced pilot.
03:09He was flying with the aircraft on the plane.
03:12Okay.
03:13And for the past 15 years, he has been flying this plane.
03:16So, he has extensively, he has got extensive experience on this aircraft.
03:20Now, the simulator is a simulator.
03:22But, you can see that you can see that.
03:25You can see that situation.
03:27Okay.
03:28So, we will just show you a takeoff.
03:31We will just takeoff to around 100 feet.
03:33And then, we will descend and show.
03:35Okay.
03:36So, meanwhile, there is a lot of gears here.
03:38There are indicators.
03:40Yes.
03:41Here, this is a propeller aircraft.
03:44Okay.
03:45This is a mixture control.
03:46This is a propeller control.
03:47This is a propeller control.
03:48This is a throttle.
03:49This is a throttle.
03:50It is a simple world mixture.
03:52It is a car accelerator.
03:53Okay.
03:54Okay.
03:55Okay.
03:56Okay.
03:57So, it is a propeller control.
03:58This is a propeller control.
04:00It is a propeller control.
04:01Okay.
04:02So, it is fixed.
04:03This is not fixed.
04:04It is move.
04:05However, it is a propeller.
04:06If it is fixed pitch propeller, it will be delivered.
04:08Okay.
04:09Okay.
04:10Okay.
04:11The instruments are the speedometer, the aircraft speed speed.
04:17This is the artificial horizon.
04:19The horizon is the sky and the earth is meeting.
04:22This is the level field.
04:24The nose of the aircraft is the level of the nose of the aircraft.
04:27We will straighten the level of the flight.
04:29So, if we do the pitch up, the aircraft will go up.
04:34And here you will find this line coming over the sky.
04:37The white line of the pipe goes through it.
04:39So, all these instruments will help us fly the plane.
04:42We will understand at what altitude we are,
04:45what is the speed of our aircraft, etc.
04:51So, we will choose the speed of the aircraft.
04:54Now, the speed is increasing.
04:56The throttle is already full.
04:59The throttle is already full.
05:01So, we will be full.
05:04The speed is built.
05:0640 to 50.
05:0750 to 60.
05:0860 to 70.
05:0980 is the take-off speed.
05:1290 is the take-off speed.
05:1590 is the take-off speed.
05:1690 is the take-off speed.
05:17What speed is the take-off speed?
05:18140 knots.
05:20140 knots.
05:21It is like double the kilometers.
05:24280 kilometers per hour.
05:26200 feet edge here.
05:28That's right.
05:29Yeah.
05:30Now, if we did it, we have 500 feet.
05:32He does the same.
05:33He is only 200 feet and he is lying.
05:34Now, we are descending again and we will land.
05:37Once again, we have no accident,
05:39there is no damage in this accident.
05:40There is no damage like a plane to land.
05:42Okay.
05:43And because it went into the houses, obviously it had to break and catch fire.
05:50In general, we have two engines and we have a double system.
05:54But why did you fail in this instance?
06:00That is definitely very unfortunate.
06:02That's why we have a twin-engine aircraft, especially with these other aircraft.
06:08Let them see that.
06:10No, no, no, no.
06:13Had there been a ground.
06:16You know?
06:17So, two engines failed, very, very, very rare.
06:22In fact, probably in my first time, two engines have failed.
06:29The first thing is that New York incident in Japan, when the Hudson River landed, he said pilot.
06:34But he was lucky.
06:36Because he had the first riverbed.
06:38Though it is a New York City and in New York City, the Hudson River landed.
06:43So, he avoided the entire residential place.
06:46That's why the height was still there.
06:49There was one fork of birds and two engines killed.
06:53Both the engines gave up.
06:55So, that's why the pilot was still there.
06:58So, that's why we were able to save it from here.
06:59So, we have a chance to make a pilot decision.
07:03Yes, yes.
07:04In this instance, we asked the pilot mistake.
07:08Yes, yes.
07:09We can't rule out.
07:10So, we have CCTV footage.
07:1230 seconds to 40 seconds.
07:14Only 30 seconds.
07:15Yeah.
07:16Only 30 seconds.
07:17So, we have to take off time.
07:18So, we have to take off time.
07:19Both.
07:20Take off and landing.
07:21Landing time.
07:22Both.
07:23So, take off and landing.
07:24Landing time.
07:25So, these two phases are very critical phases.
07:26So, take off time in 30 seconds.
07:27We have to take off time.
07:28We have to take off time.
07:29We have to take off time.
07:30Yes.
07:31We have to take off time.
07:32We have to take off time.
07:33Okay.
07:34So, we have to take off time.
07:35Okay.
07:36So, what we have to do is,
07:38we have to put the aircraft down safely.
07:41Please put the aircraft down safely.
07:43But, there is no option here.
07:44In this particular airport, there was no option for him to land in a plane ground.
07:49Because he has no height.
07:51And he has a residential area.
07:53So, that was the most unfortunate situation.
07:56And, take off and landing.
07:58We have no critical phase in the take off and landing.
08:00We have to take off and landing.
08:01We have to take off and landing.
08:02So, we have to take off.
08:03Because it is climbing.
08:04And we have to stall speed and climb speed.
08:07We have to stall speed and climb speed.
08:08But, still we didn't stall.
08:10We have to stop.
08:11But, we have to hold and hold.
08:13We have to control.
08:15But, because the tanks were full of fuel.
08:18Like, you know, he probably was carrying thousands of litres, you know.
08:22Maybe more than 10 tons of fuel he must be carrying.
08:25So, if there was a fuel, it burst like a bomb.
08:30So, it blew like a bomb.
08:39Before the take-off, there were a lot of checklists.
08:44They were also piloted and checked.
08:47Why did they have this problem?
08:51I think it happened after take-off.
08:53During take-off, they would have aborted the take-off.
08:56So, take-off about the take-off.
09:00And not only checklists, there are warning systems.
09:05There are so many audio warnings, visual warnings that come up.
09:09So, these warnings are ignored by take-off.
09:14So, we strongly feel they have gone by the book what they had to do.
09:18But however, this happened after a take-off.
09:21So, when did you hear warnings?
09:23Where did you see the model cockpit?
09:26Where did you see the audio video?
09:28We didn't know the ATC.
09:30Now, we showed you a little warning.
09:33You can hear the audio sound.
09:36Yes.
09:37The beeps.
09:38That's what you hear.
09:39Then, you hear flashing.
09:40If you don't see the plane, you will get a flashing.
09:43You hear the light off.
09:45There is a gear warning.
09:47You can see that warning?
09:49Yeah.
09:50That's what you hear.
09:51So, in the cockpit, there are so many parameters of warnings.
09:55That is an indication to a pilot that some system is going wrong somewhere.
10:00That 99%, even if mindlessly, he cannot ignore a warning.
10:10So, the pilot did it in 8,200 hours.
10:17We did it in 8,200 hours.
10:18So, we had a good experience.
10:20We had a lot of experience.
10:21We were able to get the data to get very random.
10:25But there are such situations and we can't wait to see it.
10:29We have no plane land, but we don't have ATC to get informed.
10:36We have made a call, but within 10 seconds they went down.
10:41So, we always teach one thing to the pilot is, first aviate, first plane control, then navigate,
10:50where you are going, which area is better clear, which place you want to land, first choose.
10:55Communication is not important.
10:57That is the last thing.
10:58So, we always say aviate, navigate, communicate.
11:01So, first thing we have to concentrate is aviating, that is control the plane first.
11:07Then navigate, in which direction do you want to take it.
11:09Then is the communication.
11:11So, when things have happened in 10 seconds after a made a call, where is the time for them to give?
11:16Though the ATC was calling them, but they didn't respond.
11:19So, maybe they were trying their best to handle that situation.
11:23I think we have a lot of issues in the cockpit.
11:25So, what does the flight take-off take-off take-off check-off?
11:31I have to take off every procedure.
11:34Like, take off taxi checklist.
11:36First, there is an engine start checklist.
11:40Then, taxi, take off before take-off checklist.
11:44So, every aircraft will vary.
11:47It will not be the same.
11:48Because every aircraft has different systems.
11:51So, we have to check-off checklist.
11:55We will follow them.
11:57And that is done very meticulously by pilots.
11:59By pilots, even one of them can do something.
12:03So, if you are in airlines, one of them can do call-out, one of them can do it.
12:08So, for example, if I am saying that, you know,
12:11Master on.
12:12So, I am Master on.
12:13So, what Master on is done.
12:15So, it will be checked, checked, checked.
12:17So, there will be a response.
12:19So, there will be a checklist.
12:21Same is the case in case of an emergency.
12:23Emergency also has a checklist.
12:26However, in spite of a checklist, we have memory items.
12:29Which is very, very important.
12:30If you choose in this situation,
12:3210 seconds, there is no time for him to open a checklist.
12:36So, these are the things we call them as a memory items.
12:38Watch what they have to remember.
12:39So, that is why a refresher course is there every six months.
12:42We are human, you know.
12:43We get rusted.
12:44So, that is why every six months, a refresher is given.
12:47Ma'am, what do we have to do with the speed vision?
12:51How do we have to do the directions, speed, etc?
12:55We have aircraft in the airspeed indicator.
12:58So, which earlier I had showed you that, you know,
13:00when it is going from 40 to 60 to 80 to 90 for takeoff.
13:03So, all the airspeed indicator.
13:06See, basic instruments are the same in every plane.
13:10The A plane is the basic instruments.
13:12What are the basic instruments?
13:13Airspeed.
13:14So, without knowing the speed, we cannot fly.
13:17Altimeter, that is the altitude of the aircraft.
13:19Artificial horizon.
13:21Artificial, we always fly with reference of the horizon.
13:25Horizon is our straightened level.
13:27And if we know the nose of the horizon, it is straightened.
13:31It is the level of flight.
13:33But, we don't have the horizon.
13:35There is fog, haze, rain, anything.
13:39So, that is why there is one instrument called artificial horizon.
13:42So, we treat it as our horizon.
13:46We treat it as our vertical speed indicator.
13:49We treat it as many feet per minute or any feet per minute.
13:53We treat it as one of the important things.
13:57We treat it as a long time.
13:59Then, we have something called a turn and slip indicator.
14:01We treat it as much rate of turn.
14:03Then, we have gyro instruments, direction gyro.
14:06So, these are basic instruments for a long time.
14:09It can be a manual instrument, it can be a digital instrument.
14:13But, these instruments are there.
14:15Thank you ma'am. Thank you so much.