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euronews (em português)
  • 03/06/2025
Poderá a Europa tornar a agricultura ecológica competitiva?

No ano passado, os agricultores protestaram contra a burocracia associada ao financiamento da UE e as suas manifestações produziram resultados.

LEIA MAIS : http://pt.euronews.com/2025/06/03/podera-a-europa-tornar-a-agricultura-ecologica-competitiva

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00:00Música
00:00Farmers' protests a year ago against bureaucracy attached to EU funding have yielded results.
00:20The European Commission has been simplifying farmers' environmental obligations,
00:25which in turn led to criticism by supporters of the European Green Deal.
00:30Meanwhile, farmers are preparing a new battlefront to avoid cuts in the Common Agricultural Policy in the next EU budget.
00:38The reform of European agriculture is at the heart of this EU decoded.
00:42The legislative simplification aims to save farmers 1.58 billion euros and member states 210 million euros per year.
00:52To achieve that, the European Commission proposes easier payments for small farmers,
00:56including a raise of the annual lump sum to 2.500 euros,
01:01more flexible environmental controls, including for conservation of peatlands, wetlands and watercourses,
01:08easier mechanism to be reimbursed in case of natural disaster or animal disease,
01:13a single digital system to reduce paperwork.
01:16Farmers are pleased, but environmentalists say that measures will backfire.
01:22The latter argue that less environmental protection could lead to more climate change that could harm agriculture.
01:29Here's what some Europeans think about this challenge.
01:32I think the normative, if it is the question, has to be much more strict and encourage them to help them,
01:39but on the other hand, control them the way they have to act and legal.
01:45But they have to have certain norms that allow them to preserve both the environment and the health of everyone.
01:53I think there is a lot of bureaucracy in Europe, so that's why farmers have so many norms.
02:00If the farmers lose their ability to have income, they're going to stop producing.
02:05And then what's going to happen to us, the consumers?
02:07The responsibilities being put on them rather than the actual culprits, which are massive corporations.
02:13We can't renounce to agriculture in Europe. We don't have to be dependent on importations.
02:21With me is Gerardo Fortuna, one of Euronews agriculture policy experts.
02:26What is the expected outcome of simplifying EU agriculture rulebook?
02:31The goal is to make farmers' lives easier, basically, insist on their livelihoods and their well-being.
02:38And it's, of course, clearly in response to the major farmers' protests that we've seen
02:44last year in Brussels and across the rest of the EU countries.
02:47So how does agriculture has to evolve in the European Union in order to meet
02:53its goals for climate and environmental protection within the Green Deal?
02:58I'm a bit pessimistic about it because the agriculture and food part of the Green Deal,
03:03the farm-to-fork strategy, has been put aside in this mandate. It's been replaced by this
03:10EU agriculture and food vision that is not meeting the same environmental concerns, let's say.
03:17There will be an attempt from EU lawmakers to try to meet the environmental targets
03:22by true innovation and technology rather than just stricter regulation.
03:27The next battle for farmers will be the common agriculture policy revision within the new EU budget
03:35for 2028-2034. What are the farmers' demands regarding this fund?
03:41This time is a bit different because they might lose the rural development. So it's the second pillar of
03:46the commercial policy which includes environmental investments but also support rural communities.
03:54And at the same time they want these payments to be indexed to inflation and they also want a
04:01stronger protection when it comes to trade deals. Thank you, Gerardo. Let's see now some more data
04:07on this agriculture reform. In the EU budget for 2021-2027, the cap received 386.6 billion
04:16euros, about one-third of the total budget. For the 2028-2034 budget, the Commission advocates merging
04:24the cap with the cohesion fund, the latter used for regional development. The new financial instrument,
04:30called National and Regional Investment Partnerships, may be presented in July. The European Parliament
04:36opposes this idea and, in a recent resolution, demanded that the fund remain autonomous and receive even
04:43more funds in the next budget. Let's hear the positions of two entities with opposing views on this subject,
04:50the Environmental Organisation Client Earth and the Farmers' Association Copacosheca.
05:00So in these proposals, clearly the environmental objectives are there. The Commission intervenes on some
05:08elements in which the first two years of implementation, which proved to be unworkable for our farmers.
05:16What we absolutely need to understand is that farming relies on nature. So when the EU, since actually
05:26several years, is postponing or stripping off environmental rules, it also jeopardizes the future
05:36of farming, of farmers' jobs, of farmers' health, because they are impacted by some practices as well.
05:48If you think that the average, the average farm size is 17 hectares, so you have the small, the medium,
05:56bigger. But the key element is the diversity. So we are able to maintain this diversity, which allows to
06:03contribute to food security in Europe, but also reduce food insecurity outside Europe.
06:11From my point of view, the competitivity of the EU or its food sovereignty is not guaranteed in the long term,
06:17because we do not have a resilience in front of natural harm that is being caused, notably by farming
06:27practices, intensive practices, but that farmers are also victims of. It is not addressing the causes
06:35that put farmers in these situations, which is climate change and the degradation of the environment,
06:42the loss of pollinators, and so on and so forth.
06:49Europe needs to invest in agriculture, and with a strong budget increase to inflation.
06:55We call to maintain a common policy, able to ensure a single market, invest to do the transition that
07:04society wants, and actually support a strategic sector as agriculture.
07:10I think that we need to invest in agriculture, so we need money for the agriculture sector, but we need
07:18this money to not constitute harmful subsidies. Currently, only 20% of the beneficiaries of the cap
07:27receive 80% of the subsidies. This is enormous.
07:32The long and sometimes violent wave of protests by farmers ahead of the 2024 European elections has changed
07:39the discourse on the Green Deal. The majority in the European Parliament is now calling for more support
07:45for agriculture and less ambitions for the ecological transition. The negotiations on the next new
07:51budget will test how deep the bloc's agricultural reform will be.

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