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  • 5/29/2025

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00:00Peru, for centuries home of the high civilizations of the Andes.
00:25Here, the Sun Kings of the Inca ruled over a vast empire which stretched for 2,000 miles
00:34along the mountain spine of South America.
00:40In 1532, that empire was destroyed with tragic ease by the Spanish.
00:48As their world crumbled around them, Inca nobles retreated into the remote recesses of the mountains.
00:54There, they struggled to keep alive their culture in its final refuge,
00:59the last city of the Incas, Vilcabamba.
01:03This is the story of two men lured by the silent call of that last Inca hiding place.
01:10One to rediscover it, the other to destroy it forever.
01:17One to rediscover it, the other to destroy it forever.
01:24One to rediscover it, the other to destroy it forever.
01:31One to rediscover it, the other to destroy it forever.
02:01One to rediscover it, the other to destroy it forever.
02:06Parking up next to remind goodым.
02:07Machu Picchu
02:27Machu Picchu
02:36For centuries, this spectacular Inca citadel lay forgotten, hidden by the plunging ravines and coiling mists of the mountain cloud forest.
02:46The year is 1948. Machu Picchu is visited by a retired American senator, the man who in his youth revealed it to the world.
03:06He has done many things in his remarkable life, but Hiram Bingham knows he will be remembered for only one.
03:16This astonishing archaeological discovery.
03:24Hiram Bingham is a sort of accidental archaeologist. He's been scorned by better trained excavators, but he really doesn't care.
03:32He's used to coping with bad press.
03:38Back in Washington, he'd been elected a Republican senator in the roaring twenties.
03:44His flamboyant style was perfectly in tune with the times.
03:50A bribery scandal, an affair with the wife of another congressman, divorce, accusations that he'd embezzled his first wife's fortune, had all left him unscathed.
04:04In 1929, he landed a zeppelin on Capitol Hill as a publicity stunt.
04:10Hiram loved headlines.
04:14Born to pioneering Christian missionaries in the Hawaiian Islands, Hiram was raised for a life of Puritan austerity.
04:23In the world of his childhood, any extravagance, lack of discipline, even dancing were strictly forbidden.
04:37Not surprisingly, Hiram was eager to escape.
04:41Resourceful and intelligent, he saved and studied to get into school on the mainland.
04:47Before long, he was headed for Yale.
04:51Hiram threw himself into Yale college life.
04:56Gone were the Puritanical days of his Hawaiian childhood.
05:00Suddenly, a new world of temptations was beckoning.
05:04Intellectual excitement, adventure, and girls.
05:12Before long, he met Alfreda Mitchell, heiress to the Tiffany fortune.
05:18Alfreda was irresistible, wealthy, and from the high society Hiram was now determined to be a part of.
05:30In 1900, two years after they first met, Hiram and Freda were married at the Mitchell's Grand Estate in New London.
05:41Hiram took to wealth like a duck to water, but there was a downside.
05:50There was obviously an economic asymmetry.
05:53The wife brought with her a set of expectations about the style in which she should live.
05:58Her side of the family was apparently very active in making sure that those expectations were met.
06:05He liked the money and status, but hadn't banked on the pressures from his in-laws.
06:11Used to his independence, Hiram soon began to feel like a bird in a gilded cage.
06:17He had every prospect of a professorship at Yale, but before long, university life too started to feel suffocating.
06:32Feeling hemmed in by academia, in-laws, and the pressures of domesticity, Hiram soon started looking for an escape.
06:39He decided field research for a book about Simon Bolivar would be his ticket to some adventure.
06:51In 1906, he said goodbye to Alfreda and headed off for South America.
06:58I feel the Bingham blood stirring in my veins as I start for little-known regions,
07:03as nearly all my Bingham ancestors for ten generations have done before me.
07:12Thousands of miles away, Hiram was ecstatic.
07:17He may have missed Alfreda, but at last he'd found his true calling, adventurer.
07:24It was through the actual process of travel that he began to realize that exploration rather than documentary research
07:32was what really drew him.
07:36Bingham abandoned his academic research to write a book about his travels.
07:48When he reached Peru, Bingham came face to face with the Inca world for the first time.
07:56He was entranced.
08:02Here was the remains of a civilization as vast and sophisticated as ancient Egypt.
08:09And yet, little was known about it.
08:16Its descendants still populated the Andes.
08:23The ancient sites which littered Peru spoke to him of a magnificent bygone world.
08:29But he had no idea how to interpret what they said.
08:34He had to find a method on the spot.
08:38Fortunately, I had with me that extremely useful handbook,
08:42Hints to the Travelers, published by the Royal Geographic Society.
08:47In one of the chapters, I found out what should be done when one is confronted by a prehistoric site.
08:54Take careful measurements, plenty of photographs, and describe as accurately as possible all finds.
09:02He was soon eagerly examining Inca sites all over Peru.
09:17One episode of Inca history fascinated him above all others.
09:23Vilcabamba, last stronghold of the Inca kings.
09:31Sixteenth century chronicles recounted how a core group of Inca nobles and priests had escaped the carnage of conquest
09:40and fled into the impenetrable high jungles to the north of the Inca capital, Cusco.
09:48And there, at a place called Vilcabamba, they had constructed an Inca court in exile.
09:55A palace, a temple, a final refuge of their world.
10:01They had taken their sacred relics of gold with them.
10:13Many had been lured by the accounts of Vilcabamba and gone in search of it.
10:18None had ever succeeded in finding it.
10:22Perhaps the relics and the gold were still there, hidden in the jungle, waiting to be discovered.
10:29Hiram was spellbound.
10:32It was a treasure-seeker's dream.
10:39Suddenly, Hiram saw a fantastic adventure opening up before him.
10:44He would discover Vilcabamba, lost city of the Incas, and unearth its hidden treasures.
10:59Hiram returned to the U.S. and threw himself into fundraising and his researches on Vilcabamba.
11:10He pored over maps and chronicles of the conquest.
11:14Based on these, Hiram made meticulous calculations of where Vilcabamba must be.
11:20After months of research, he was certain the last refuge of the Incas had been in a remote place now called Espiritu Pampa.
11:31But soon, he was back in Peru doing what he loved most.
11:37In July 1911, he set off from Cusco, northwards on the long journey to Espiritu Pampa.
11:45Back in his element, Hiram was overjoyed.
11:50He was also extraordinarily lucky.
12:00After less than three weeks easy trekking down a newly opened road, a local farmer told him about some old stone terraces on a mountain nearby.
12:09Hiram asked the man what the place was called.
12:12He scribbled down the answer in his notebook, Machu Picchu.
12:17He decided to have a quick look at it the next day.
12:22A young Indian boy led the party up onto a plateau a few hours away.
12:30Hardly had we rounded the promontory than we were confronted by an unexpected sight.
12:37A great flight of beautifully constructed stone-faced terraces, perhaps a hundred of them.
12:52I could scarcely believe my senses.
13:01Would anyone believe what I had found?
13:06Fortunately, I had a good camera.
13:11Who can scarcely think that they could exercise the Joker on him in the same extent?
13:1510% came to a nap and he keptителя by magic.
13:17I was there.
13:19I turned to pity and complimented your belief that he could be attacked.
13:21I did not think too much of這樣 so much.
13:23I 22% who drew mine himself.
13:26He rolled again from
13:41He knew he'd found an Inca rune of exceptional beauty, but I think because of his lack of
13:58experience he didn't fully appreciate how unique the discovery was.
14:05It was an entire city which had lain untouched since the Incas had abandoned it almost four
14:11hundred years before.
14:14Not understanding what he had found, Hiram left two of his team to start clearing and mapping
14:19the site while he pressed onto his real goal, Vilcabamba.
14:32He forged on northwards, pushing his team through tangled jungle and perilous ravines.
14:45He was sure he was heading towards greater discoveries, a fabulous lost city of temples and palaces
14:53that would put any other Inca ruin to shame.
14:56Finally, after weeks of arduous trekking, he approached the area where he knew Vilcabamba
15:04must be.
15:05For days, his team hacked through dense underbrush and tangled vines.
15:12To their great astonishment, they found nothing.
15:15nothing.
15:16Espiritu Pampa was a desolate upland plateau.
15:18with a few unimpressive stone foundations.
15:21and a lot of dense jungle.
15:22And a lot of dense jungle.
15:24For days, his team hacked through dense underbrush and tangled vines.
15:28For days, his team hacked through dense underbrush and tangled vines.
15:34To their great astonishment, they found nothing.
15:41Espiritu Pampa was a desolate upland plateau with a few unimpressive stone foundations and a
15:48lot of dense jungle.
15:54It was a far cry from the magnificent city Bingham had imagined.
16:01He was disappointed and confused.
16:04Could this be Vilcabamba?
16:07Or had his calculations been wrong?
16:13A perplexed Hiram turned back the expedition.
16:18The men were exhausted and supplies were running out.
16:23As his team trudged back to civilization, morale hit rock bottom.
16:28I often wonder why under the sun I picked out a career that would force me to spend so much
16:37much of my time away from my dear ones.
16:41The future is not clear to me.
16:45As Hiram headed back to the U.S. and Alfreda, gloom and uncertainty hung over his whole project.
16:59Once back in the U.S., Hiram's spirits revived and with them his dreams of Vilcabamba.
17:10He rechecked his calculations of its position.
17:14If it was not Espiritu Pampa, could it be Machu Picchu?
17:19But Machu Picchu's position still seemed wrong.
17:24He decided to return to Peru the following year and investigate his find more thoroughly.
17:30When he arrived at Machu Picchu again in the summer of 1912, what the workmen had revealed was quite simply stunning.
17:42It clearly was some sort of city.
17:56Its size, its spectacular location, its magnificent terracing, all made him sure it was a royal city.
18:07No one but a king could have insisted on having the lentils of his doorways made of solid blocks of granite, each weighing three tons.
18:17What a prodigious amount of patient work had to be employed.
18:26Overcome with excitement, Hiram immediately began to speculate that this must be the last refuge of the Inca kings.
18:34Even if the location was wrong, everything else was so right.
18:41Here, in this breathtaking hideout, the Inca rulers had surely sheltered the last remnants of their world.
19:00Hiram devoted himself to a spectacular find at Machu Picchu.
19:05It was his passport to worldwide fame.
19:09National Geographic devoted an entire magazine issue to Bingham and his work in Peru.
19:19Suddenly, everybody knew about Machu Picchu and the man who uncovered it.
19:29At a special National Geographic Society dinner, he was honored along with the world-renowned discoverers of the North and South Poles.
19:42Hiram had finally achieved the fame he'd always wanted.
19:49But his career as an excavator was not to last much longer.
19:57He returned to Peru in 1915 to a storm of controversy.
20:04For many Peruvians, the apparent absence of spectacular gold among Bingham's finds was deeply suspicious.
20:13Rumors flew that Bingham had found gold and was smuggling it out of the country.
20:20Rumors flew in 1915 to 1915 to 1915 to 1915 to 1915.
20:26Fed up, fearing arrest, Hiram packed and left Peru.
20:31On his return to the U.S., he decided to abandon his excavations.
20:42The First World War was raging.
20:49He signed up as an aviator.
20:51World War I offered him a very convenient way of extricating himself from what had become an intractable situation in Peru.
21:01He could honorably say that the world needed him to become involved in the military effort, that as a patriot he should do that.
21:11After a tour of duty in Europe, Bingham had the perfect qualifications for a political career.
21:23Yale man, world-famous explorer, and now war hero.
21:28He was elected in 1924 to the U.S. Senate with little difficulty.
21:34His political star rose steadily through the 1920s.
21:41But a bribery scandal and the Great Depression brought it down fast.
21:46The political tide turned against Hiram and his buccaneering style.
21:51He lost his Senate seat in 1932.
21:55Before long, he lost Alfreda, too, and left taking a large part of her family's money with him.
22:05Remarried, eager to make up for past mistakes, he turned back to tend the one reputation he knew was secure, discoverer of Machu Picchu.
22:17He believed to his dying day that Machu Picchu was Vilcabamba.
22:24As it turned out, here, too, he was mistaken.
22:30Later discoveries made it clear the real Vilcabamba was exactly where Hiram's first calculations had put it, at Espiritu Pampa.
22:42Beneath the tangled overgrowth of Espiritu Pampa's desolate jungle, the remains of Vilcabamba had been lying only a few hundred yards from where Hiram had searched.
23:01Determined to dispel any lingering doubts that Machu Picchu was not the last refuge of the Incas,
23:08Hiram devoted many of the years up to his death in 1956 to his researches into Vilcabamba and its fall.
23:16His studies took him back to the 16th century, the bloodstained and tumultuous era of the conquest,
23:29and to a brilliant, chilling, now largely forgotten man who changed the course of Peru's history.
23:36Francisco de Toledo, administrator of genius, passionate believer in the law, destroyer of Vilcabamba, killer of the last Inca king.
23:52Francisco de Toledo was born in 1515 into the high Spanish nobility of the town of Oropesa.
24:07In the 16th century, you couldn't get much more privileged than this.
24:13Spain was the wealthiest and most powerful nation on earth.
24:19Its massive armies had subdued Muslims in the Middle East and Protestants in Europe's north.
24:26It was the powerhouse of the West.
24:32The recent astonishing discoveries of a whole new continent promised an inexhaustible supply of wealth,
24:39and it all belonged to Spain.
24:43This was the confident, aggressive, and opulent world Francisco was born into.
24:50His family had always been loyal servants of the Spanish crown,
24:54so at 15, Francisco became a page at the royal palace.
24:58In 1532, Francisco would have been at court for only two years when he heard the astounding tales of Pizarro's conquest of Peru,
25:11and the astonishing ransom and goal of the Inca king Atahualpa.
25:16These were reports from beyond the edge of the known world.
25:27How could his imagination not be seized by the faraway kingdom of Peru and its amazing riches?
25:43Francisco joined a religious and military order at the forefront of Spain's expansion.
25:52He took the necessary vows and dedicated his life to Christ, Spain, and the law.
25:58Toledo was brought up to be what we would consider a humanist.
26:13He had training in the law. He could read Latin.
26:16So he was a man trained to be like today, we would say, a Harvard or Yale man, ready to rule.
26:23Francisco rose fast through the ranks.
26:29By 1558, he'd become a permanent, powerful member of the royal household.
26:36He was one of the chosen few present at the bedside of King Charles V when he died.
26:42Francisco went on to serve the next king of Spain, Philip II, who on taking the throne was confronted with a devastating and unexpected realization.
26:57The empire was broke.
27:00Overextended in Europe, Spain had also financed decades of conquest and exploration in the Americas.
27:07Very little was coming back.
27:12All that Inca and Aztec gold that had been melted down turned out to be a drop in the ocean.
27:19The real wealth of the colonies was in the hands of the Encomanderos,
27:26the new Spanish overlords who had divided up the lands and the Indians amongst themselves.
27:35In a feeding frenzy over the astonishing wealth of their newfound land,
27:39the Encomanderos had spawned Spain's very own Wild West, where lawlessness and the sword ruled.
28:00They were busy making themselves rich and not paying tribute to the crown.
28:08Philip realized he desperately needed someone who could straighten out the colony in Peru
28:13and get some revenues flowing back to Spain.
28:18That man, he decided, was Francisco de Toledo.
28:33In 1569, Francisco set sail for Peru to take up the most challenging and important job in the Spanish Empire,
28:41Viceroy of Peru.
28:48The grueling journey took almost an entire year across the barely chartered waters of the Atlantic
28:56and then down the Pacific coast of South America to Peru.
29:10On November 30th, 1569, Francisco arrived in the Spanish capital of Peru, Lima.
29:21Anxious for his favor, the local Encomanderos gave him an enthusiastic welcome.
29:30But in a letter to King Philip, he secretly confided his disgust for the anarchic little frontier town
29:36and its Spanish overlords.
29:39The Spaniards in this kingdom have tried to fill their greedy hands in the looting of ancient tombs and sacred worship sites,
29:48and it is the most common thing for them to wildly flaunt their finds.
29:54But this is what he'd been sent to put right.
29:59The new Viceroy threw himself into the task of reforming the delinquent colony.
30:05It quickly became clear to him that the colony was being pulled apart by two powerful forces.
30:13On the one hand, there were the Encomanderos, who fought amongst themselves and enslaved the Indians.
30:20On the other, there was the church, which also felt it had a moral right not only to Indian souls, but their labor.
30:31The whole colony was feeding itself on Indian toil and Indian ignorance.
30:43Not surprisingly, the native population simmered with resentment and discontent.
30:48Francisco could immediately see where he had to focus his reforms.
30:57I am informed that the Indians are not free as a result of their weakness and the great awe they have towards Spaniards.
31:05It is therefore my duty as their protector to see they are not cheated in their work.
31:12Francisco also learned the Inca court in exile, now established in Vilcabamba, had already been at the center of a violent rebellion which had raged for years.
31:24When Toledo arrived to Peru, he was sympathetic to the Incas.
31:45On the other hand, there had been this famous uprising of the Incas.
31:50The Incas had retired to Vilcabamba and they were threatening the whole process of the conquest.
32:00Francisco had to somehow introduce order into this volatile and chaotic situation.
32:09He realized he could never put things right unless he came to understand it in greater depth.
32:15So he proposed something that for the time was absolutely remarkable.
32:20A research trip to find out at first hand what was happening in the colony.
32:27I saw clearly that I would not be able to govern the Spaniards or the Indians with the zeal that I had for serving God or your majesty unless I saw the land, traveled through it and inspected it.
32:44It was what we would do today in a social survey.
32:51It was completely innovative.
32:53The government up to that point was based on brutality and the use of arms.
32:57What Toledo proposes is government based on knowledge, which makes him a man ahead of his time.
33:03So in 1570 Toledo set out on his remarkable voyages of investigation through the remnants of the vast Inca Empire.
33:17They would last for five years.
33:20With translators and scribes, he traveled from one end of the colony to the other, interviewing Indians and Spanish alike.
33:34Collecting data on population, land holdings, resources, and local history.
33:41In the years of his travels, he accumulated an astonishing 600,000 documents.
33:52As Francisco listened to Indians talking, he understood the magnitude of their catastrophe.
34:00Not only had they been subjected to the Encomanderos, but they were dying by the hundreds of thousands.
34:06A series of devastating epidemics of European diseases, to which they had no resistance, had already wiped out over half the Indian population of Peru.
34:24In just 30 years, since the arrival of Pizarro, almost a million people have died of colds, flus, measles, and smallpox.
34:36In despair, many Indians were focusing unreal hopes of salvation on the Inca court in exile.
34:44Francisco started to believe that Vilcabamba's hold on the Indian imagination had to be broken.
34:56Francisco traveled on.
34:58In the course of his research, he covered all the territory from what is now Quito and Ecuador to Bolivia.
35:09And as he traveled, he learned something else.
35:13The Inca Empire had been composed of many different tribes.
35:16The Incas were just one of them who had come to dominate the others only recently.
35:23About a hundred years before the arrival of the Spanish.
35:28Just like the Spanish, they had waged fierce war to conquer the country.
35:34There was no shortage of evidence of Inca brutality to weaker tribes.
35:53The Incas are tyrants, and as such intruders in the government of these lands.
35:58I think he was looking for arguments in order to justify the Spanish conquest within these particular realms.
36:09And he saw that the excuse could be to blame the Inca people as being tyrants, as being dictators,
36:17as being people who had imposed themselves with force on the populations they had conquered in order to present the Spanish conquest as a sort of liberated process.
36:32He wasn't wrong.
36:35What happens is when you use the word tyrant, it has a whole moral connotation.
36:40The Incas were an authoritarian system, with an imperial military force which was extremely violent, cruel, and which used the sorts of torture which would scandalize us if they were used in European wars.
37:10As Francisco pondered the realities he had discovered on his voyages, any doubts he might have had about the legitimacy of the Spanish conquest evaporated.
37:24With typical thoroughness, he came up with a plan which was brilliantly argued, utterly coherent, and totally draconian.
37:31His vision was of a great kingdom of stern justice in Peru.
37:38He would impose Spain's authority on the quarreling and commanderos, and church alike.
37:45He knew he would make enemies of both of them. He did it anyway.
37:49And he would totally reorganize the Indian world, so that it could experience both the justice and authority of the Spanish crown.
38:05The Indians were to be resettled from their remote villages into more accessible towns, where they would pay taxes to Spain and be protected by her.
38:13And he would insist that as subjects of Spain, they had rights.
38:28But there was one terrible price to pay for Francisco's vision of a just social order in Peru.
38:33There would be no place for Vilcabamba. There could not be two kings in the colony.
38:46Vilcabamba and the remaining power of the Inca kings must be destroyed.
38:51Unknown to Francisco, the Inca king he was deciding to destroy was little more than a boy, Tupac Amaru.
39:12Brought up by the Inca priestesses of Vilcabamba, he was deeply religious and knew names.
39:20Nothing of the outside world.
39:24He was gentle, famously beautiful, charming, and it seems, not very smart.
39:31Tupac Amaru was very young when he was crowned Inca.
39:36And Tupac Amaru is referred as an uti.
39:40And uti is meant to be sort of, not mentally retarded, but not the quickest, not the brightest.
39:47Tupac Amaru was a very young person.
39:54I don't imagine him as being very well politically trained.
40:00He was very young. He was just a symbolic figure.
40:06Tupac Amaru was an innocent, but that wasn't going to save him.
40:10On June 16th, 1572, Spanish troops thunder towards Vilcabamba.
40:23As they charge into the citadel, Tupac Amaru manages to escape with his wife, who is expecting their first child.
40:30They don't get far.
40:35The bewildered young Tupac is dragged back to Cusco, and on September 21st, 1572, condemned to death.
40:58As Tupac Amaru is led through the streets to his execution, the town is seething.
41:19Everybody has fallen in love with the handsome young king.
41:26Not just Indians, but Spaniards too.
41:30They all want Francisco to relent.
41:35But from Toledo's closed office, there is a resounding silence.
41:44Mandela and this part of the church, she's going to see the streets.
41:47The church.
41:53They all want to see the battle.
41:59They all want to die.
42:00And they all want to die.
42:02The church.
42:03They all want to die.
42:05The church.
42:07We're all going to die.
42:10They all want to die.
42:11Toledo writes to King Philip,
42:26What your majesty has ordered concerning the Inca has been done.
42:33But his majesty has not ordered the death of Tupac Amaro, only a solution to the Indian
42:46problem. From this moment, the tide starts to turn against Francisco.
42:52Toledo accomplished the mission that he had set out for himself. That's why he
43:02wanted it to be so public and so theatrical, to send the message, you know,
43:08this is over, this is it. But it wasn't over. As Tupac's head was mounted on a pike
43:18in Cusco's central square, the Inca king's faithful subjects held vigil all night.
43:24And immediately the story circulated that Tupac Amaro's head became more beautiful
43:31with each passing minute.
43:38As the centuries passed, it became more beautiful still. Tupac Amaro was converted
43:45into a Christ-like figure of martyred innocence, the symbol of native resistance
43:50to oppression. For 500 years, almost every popular rebellion in Peru, from the great
43:58Indian uprisings of the 18th century, led by Tupac Amaro II, to the urban guerrillas of
44:03the late 20th century, have invoked his name.
44:09It's a tragic myth, because everybody who invoked Tupac Amaro failed as well. Tupac Amaro II failed.
44:19The Peruvian Revolution of 68, which relied on the image of the two Tupac Amaros, also failed.
44:26As history turned Tupac Amaro into a tragic hero, it turned Francisco into a caricature
44:37of the cruel Spaniard. Forgotten were his stands for justice and the rights of Indians against
44:43the brutal exploitation of the Encomenderos. He became famous for one thing, executing the
44:50innocent boy king, Tupac Amaro.
44:55You've got to remember who is writing that history. The history of Spain was written by priests,
45:04the missionaries who hated Toledo. I think he held everybody to the same standards. In
45:11administrative terms, he did the right thing. In terms of his conscience, only he can tell.
45:25After a remarkably successful reform of the colony in Peru, Francisco returned to Spain expecting
45:31honors for his years of faithful service. Instead, insults and disgrace were heaped on him.
45:38The church had worked its influence on Philip. The king, who he had served with such brilliance
45:47and devotion, dismissed Francisco without an audience.
45:52Go away to your house. I sent you to serve a king, and you killed a king.
45:59It was a devastating blow. Mortally wounded, he returned to his family's home. Six months later, Francisco de Toledo,
46:20the fifth viceroy of Peru, died a broken man.
46:27His stern vision of a realm of justice in Peru never came to be. The greed and corruption of the colony slowly reasserted itself.
46:39The Indians were exploited as never before. As the screws of colonial oppression tightened, the memory of Francisco faded.
46:49And Vilcabamba became the tragic myth which would return to haunt Peru forever.
47:19The rest of the colony was a bit of the backfire of Sacre, a broken man.
47:20Theoma of the
47:22Forrest Sucre, a broken man.
47:22The attack was a algún but the more the end of the new race was a great deal.
47:23Today was a total of many people's career level that evolved to make.
47:24It was the most part of the world's world-space.
47:28That's a great idea.
47:29The captain had built on the ship. The most part of the ship was a relatively short-until enough with the ship.
47:32They were forced to get theúngero off to the ship to the ship.
47:33The moon was on the ship. The ship was the air found at the ship.
47:34The ship was thrown at the ship. The ship was the ship was the man named in the ship.
47:35The ship was the land, and the ship had installed to the ship.

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