- 5/19/2025
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00:00Where's the popcorn?
00:02Yes, let's watch the movie.
00:04Absolutely.
00:13The History of Science
00:16Science!
00:26Long ago, people did not know how to grow their own food.
00:30So they wandered around looking for plants to eat
00:35and animals to hunt.
00:42When they could not find plants or animals,
00:45they went hungry.
00:47Me hungry.
00:55To grow food, people needed to know
00:58when the weather would be warm or cold.
01:01The early astronomers were curious,
01:04so they looked to the sky to find answers.
01:07Click on the word, curious.
01:10They observed patterns
01:12and how the weather changed during these patterns.
01:15They began to understand the seasons.
01:24People learned to plant and harvest crops
01:27during certain seasons.
01:31Their answers solved the problem.
01:34People could now grow their own food.
01:38Mmm, I love to eat wheat bread.
01:46After people began growing food,
01:49they gathered into large communities,
01:51like neighborhoods.
01:53But these people did not have libraries
01:56filled with books like we do today.
02:01So many of their ideas came from things they observed.
02:07During this time lived two men,
02:10Socrates and Plato.
02:12They were philosophers.
02:15Philoso-what?
02:17Philosopher.
02:19Oh, well, what is a philosopher?
02:22Click on the word, philosopher.
02:25A philosopher is a person who thinks about things
02:30and tries to understand why they happened.
02:34Sounds like philosophers are curious people.
02:37Yes, you could say that, Polly.
02:41Socrates and Plato were curious about many things.
02:46I'm curious to know what they did.
02:48Let's get back to the movie.
02:53Socrates and Plato created a way of thinking
02:56and discussing ideas and opinions.
02:59They wanted people to back up ideas and opinions
03:02with evidence and proof.
03:07If proof is not, it is, then prove it.
03:11Later, Plato started a school.
03:14One of the students in the school
03:16was a man named Aristotle.
03:18Aristotle studied and wrote about many subjects,
03:21including science.
03:23He used Socrates and Plato's way of thinking
03:26and discussing scientific things.
03:29Aristotle created many rules we use for science today.
03:33One of the most important rules he created
03:36was that scientific knowledge
03:38comes from observations that can be proved.
03:42Things we see, hear, touch, taste, or smell.
03:52I think Aristotle was really smart.
03:55Yes, Katie.
03:58Yes, Katie, he was.
04:00But some of his ideas were not correct.
04:04For example, Aristotle believed that
04:07Earth was the center of our solar system
04:11and the sun and planets circled,
04:14or orbited, around the Earth.
04:17Wait a minute.
04:18Everyone knows it's the Earth that orbits around the sun.
04:22Well, everybody knows that now.
04:26But a long time ago, people did not have tools
04:29like telescopes to test their ideas.
04:37Almost 2,000 years after Aristotle
04:40lived another important man of science,
04:43Copernicus.
04:45He was also an astronomer who studied the sky.
04:48The things that Copernicus observed in the sky
04:51led him to believe it was the Earth that orbited the sun,
04:55but he could not prove it.
04:57Years later, another important man of science came along.
05:01His name was Galileo.
05:04Galileo developed the first useful telescope.
05:08He discovered moons orbiting Jupiter.
05:11He showed that everything did not orbit around the Earth.
05:16Galileo, just like Copernicus,
05:19believed the Earth orbited the sun,
05:22and with the telescope, he could prove it.
05:26Copernicus was right!
05:28And Galileo proved it with the telescope.
05:32This was an important step in science.
05:35Galileo tested his observations and ideas
05:39by gathering information with the telescope.
05:44After Galileo, a man named Isaac Newton was born.
05:50Newton explained gravity.
05:53Click on the word gravity.
05:56Gravity is a force that an object has
06:00to pull other objects toward it.
06:04Newton was the first person to understand
06:07that the force of gravity
06:10that caused an apple to fall from a tree
06:13is the same force of gravity
06:16that keeps the moon orbiting around the Earth.
06:19Newton took his ideas
06:22and studied the ideas of other scientists
06:25to confirm his findings.
06:28Newton proved that Earth and the other planets
06:31orbit around the sun,
06:34and the sun's gravity holds all of the planets together.
06:38Gravity holds all of the planets in orbit.
06:43The history of science is found in the ideas
06:46and work of many people,
06:48including Copernicus,
06:51Galileo,
06:53and Newton.
06:57Today, the scientific method requires
07:00that new ideas be carefully investigated.
07:09Ah!
07:11I'd watch that again.
07:13Now you don't know I like that movie.
07:18I'm sure glad those guys figured it all out.
07:21Yes, but we don't have the answers to everything.
07:25Science is a process.
07:28Things will always be changing
07:31because people are always discovering new facts
07:34about our world.
07:36The process used in science
07:39is called the scientific method.
07:42It is a lot like the process you use
07:45when finding an answer to a question.
07:48The process begins when you observe something
07:52that makes you curious.
07:55Mr. C., that happened to me last night.
07:57I turned on the lamp in my bedroom,
07:59but the light didn't come on.
08:01It made me curious.
08:03That's a perfect example, Dudley.
08:06Now, think about what you observed.
08:09Like I said, I was very curious,
08:12so I questioned.
08:14What question did you have?
08:16Why didn't the light come on?
08:20Good question.
08:22Time to do some research.
08:24What makes a lamp work?
08:27A good light bulb.
08:30The cord and plug.
08:33Electricity.
08:36And the on and off switch.
08:40Great. After doing the research,
08:43we now have a good guess
08:45for what makes a lamp work.
08:47This guess is called a hypothesis.
08:50A hypothesis must be worded
08:53so it can be tested with an experiment.
08:56Most of the time a hypothesis is worded like this.
09:00If I do something,
09:02then this will happen.
09:05In other words, you need to test
09:07what you do and what will happen.
09:11Let me show you.
09:13Here's a testable hypothesis
09:16about the lamp.
09:18If the light bulb is good,
09:20then the lamp will work.
09:23The hypothesis is very important.
09:26If you can word it as a testable sentence,
09:29then you can use the scientific method
09:32to find an answer to your question.
09:35So, now that we have written a testable sentence,
09:38which is a hypothesis,
09:40what test or experiment could we do?
09:43Oh, I know, Mr. C.
09:45We could get a new light bulb,
09:47put it in the lamp,
09:49and see if the light comes on.
09:51That's a good test for this hypothesis.
09:54If the lamp worked with a new bulb,
09:57then the hypothesis was true.
10:00If the lamp did not work,
10:02then the hypothesis was false,
10:05and we must come up with a new hypothesis.
10:08Oh, Mr. C.
10:09If the lamp still didn't work,
10:11maybe it was because the cord was not plugged in.
10:14Or maybe it was because the electricity was out.
10:19Good.
10:21Both of you went back to the research
10:23to come up with new ideas.
10:25Now you could take that information
10:27and make a new hypothesis,
10:30then test it.
10:32Well, Dudley,
10:34tell us what test you performed on your lamp.
10:37I put a new light bulb in the lamp
10:39and turned it on.
10:40Then it worked.
10:44Eureka!
10:46Hey, that was my hypothesis!
10:49All of you are top-notch thinkers.
10:52You came up with a hypothesis,
10:54conducted tests with experiments,
10:57and analyzed the results.
11:00You just used the scientific method.
11:03You are natural-born scientists.
11:12Begin reading now.
11:23This type of poem is called an acrostic.
11:27The letters written vertically spell out a word.
11:31This acrostic spells the word moon.
11:35The sentences in the poem begin
11:38with the letter from the word moon.
11:42Good readers check their understanding
11:45of what they are reading
11:47against what they already know.
11:50This helps readers figure out things
11:53that, at first, seem confusing.
11:56I'm not sure what I'm reading.
11:59I'm not sure what I'm reading.
12:02I'm not sure what I'm reading.
12:05I'm not sure what I'm reading.
12:08I'm not sure what I'm reading.
12:10I'm not sure why this poem is called Moondrops.
12:13I'm going to read it again
12:15to see if I can figure it out.
12:17Hmm, let's see.
12:19The word moondrops
12:21reminds me of the word raindrops.
12:23I know raindrops are tiny bits of rain.
12:26So, I think moondrops
12:28are tiny bits of information about the moon.
12:31Very clever.
12:33Oh, the author was good.
12:36He told us a lot about the moon
12:39in just a few words.
12:44Clarifying helps readers organize their thoughts.
12:49I'm a little confused,
12:51so I'll stop and clarify something
12:53that's not clear to me.
12:55It says,
12:56when you look at the moon on a starry night,
12:58remember, it's the sun that makes it so bright.
13:01Oh, I remember.
13:03Earlier in the poem it said,
13:05sunlight travels through our galaxy
13:08and reflects off the moon for us to see.
13:11That must be why the sun can make the moon bright.
13:15Yeah, that's quite interesting.
13:17But did you find out if the moon is made of cheese yet?
13:20Not yet, Vernon.
13:22Let's keep reading.
13:25Good readers stop
13:27to try to figure out the meanings
13:29of words they don't understand.
13:32Um, I'm confused about the word changing.
13:37It looks strange to me.
13:39I think I'll read the poem again
13:41to see if I can clarify this.
13:44Oh, now I understand.
13:47I think I'll read the poem again
13:49to see if I can clarify this.
13:52Oh, now I understand
13:54that the word is really changing.
13:57I think the author spelled the word
13:59the way it sounds when it is said quickly.
14:01That's this author's style.
14:05And I just realized
14:07that the moon goes through phases quickly too.
14:10Now that's clever.
14:18I remember that Mr. C said
14:21this type of poem is called an acrostic.
14:24I'll read it again and see if I can discover
14:26any more clues about the moon.
14:28Interesting, very interesting.
14:31This poem gets me thinking.
14:33I certainly agree that the moon is full of mystery.
14:37Now I'm off to the library
14:39to see if I can find answers
14:41to the questions in this poem.
14:43Hey, hey, I'm coming too.
14:46I want to see if the moon is really made of cheese.
14:50Yum!
14:59Hello, everyone.
15:01You've read the book
15:03Earth, Day, Night and Seasons.
15:06Yes, that book explains
15:08what causes day and night.
15:10It also explains what causes the seasons.
15:13Remember, guys?
15:15It's all in the guilt.
15:19Yes, our planet Earth
15:21is a spectacular place to live.
15:24Let's re-read this book.
15:26Listen again for information
15:28about the relationship
15:30between the sun and the Earth.
15:35The World Around You
15:37Earth, Day, Night and Seasons
15:44The World Around You
15:49Earth is the planet where we live.
15:51It is the third planet from the sun.
15:53Earth is the only planet known
15:55to have liquid water and living things.
15:58This is because Earth is just
16:00the right distance from the sun.
16:02The sun provides the right amount
16:04of heat and light to support life on Earth.
16:07Earth and sun also work together
16:09so that we have day, night and seasons.
16:12Earth Fact
16:13Earth is about 93 million miles from the sun.
16:16It would take a rocket more than 7 years
16:19to reach the sun.
16:22What Causes Day and Night
16:25Earth is shaped like a sphere or ball.
16:27We can't feel it, but Earth rotates.
16:30Rotate means to turn or spin.
16:32Earth is always rotating.
16:34It rotates on its axis.
16:36The axis is an imaginary line
16:38that goes through the Earth
16:40from top to bottom.
16:41The top of the axis is the North Pole.
16:44The bottom of the axis is the South Pole.
16:47It takes one day, or 24 hours,
16:49for Earth to rotate once on its axis.
16:52During this time,
16:54one half of Earth faces the sun.
16:56The other half faces away from the sun.
16:59When the half of Earth where we live
17:01faces the sun, it is day.
17:03When the half where we live
17:05is away from the sun, it is night.
17:09Earth rotates counterclockwise.
17:11It turns the opposite direction
17:13of the hands on a clock.
17:15When the side of Earth where we live
17:17turns toward the sun,
17:19the sun appears to rise in the east.
17:21We call this time of day sunrise.
17:23In the middle of the day,
17:25the sun is straight up in the sky.
17:27This time of day is noon.
17:29Then, as our side of Earth
17:31turns away from the sun,
17:33the sun appears to set in the west.
17:35This time is called sunset.
17:37This is what we see every day.
17:39It looks like the sun moves across the sky,
17:42but it is actually Earth
17:44rotating toward and away from the sun.
17:46Earth fact.
17:48Earth spins about 1,100 miles per hour.
17:51This is faster than most jets.
17:54This is a good time to stop and think
17:57about what you have read so far.
17:59Day and night occur
18:01as the Earth rotates counterclockwise
18:03on its axis.
18:05Good job, Dudley.
18:07Let's keep reading.
18:11Why do we have seasons?
18:14As Earth rotates on its axis,
18:16it also revolves around the sun.
18:19Revolve means that Earth moves
18:21in a path around the sun.
18:23The path that Earth follows
18:25as it revolves is called an orbit.
18:27It takes 365 1⁄4 days
18:29for Earth to make one trip
18:31around the sun.
18:34The temperature and weather
18:36change at different times of the year.
18:38We call these times seasons.
18:40Our seasons are winter, spring,
18:43summer, and autumn.
18:45Each season has its own special weather.
18:47What causes the seasons?
18:49The answer is Earth's tilt.
18:53The Earth is tilted on its axis.
18:56This means that Earth leans as it turns.
18:58The tilt of the Earth is always the same.
19:01As Earth revolves around the sun,
19:03the sun's rays shine unevenly on Earth.
19:06If Earth were straight up and down,
19:08the sun's rays would shine evenly
19:10on Earth all the time.
19:12We would have only one season.
19:15Because the Earth is tilted,
19:17opposite parts of the Earth
19:19lean toward the sun
19:20at different times of the year.
19:22When the North Pole leans toward the sun,
19:24the north half of the Earth
19:25gets more of the sun's rays.
19:27This half has summer.
19:29Summer has warmer weather.
19:31At the same time the North Pole
19:32leans toward the sun,
19:34the South Pole leans away from the sun.
19:36The south half of the Earth
19:38gets less of the sun's rays.
19:40It has winter.
19:41The weather is cooler this time of year.
19:43Earth fact.
19:45Earth travels about 67,000 miles per hour
19:48around the sun.
19:51As the Earth continues on its orbit
19:53around the sun,
19:54the seasons change.
19:56The tilt of the Earth on its axis
19:58provides the seasons.
20:00Year after year we have winter,
20:02spring, summer, and autumn.
20:05Good readers usually pause
20:07at the end of a chapter to summarize.
20:09Who will summarize
20:11what we have read so far?
20:13I can!
20:15We have seasons
20:17because the Earth is tilted
20:19on its axis as it orbits the sun.
20:29Let's discuss
20:31expository or informational text.
20:34They tell us true facts.
20:37Yes, like when we read
20:39about the solar system
20:41and how we have day, night, and seasons.
20:43That's right.
20:45Authors organize informational text
20:47in a particular way.
20:49The different ways
20:51authors organize text
20:53is called the
20:56text structure.
20:58Let's take a look at a few of them.
21:00When the author tells about
21:02the differences and similarities
21:04of two or more things,
21:06he is using a compare
21:08and contrast text structure.
21:10There are signal words
21:12that will give you clues
21:14in the text.
21:16Words and phrases such as
21:18alike, but,
21:20on the other hand,
21:22however, both
21:25also, too,
21:27and as well as
21:29are some of the signal words
21:31and phrases that tell you
21:33the author is comparing
21:35two or more items.
21:37Read this example.
21:39Earth and Saturn are alike.
21:41They are both planets.
21:43But Earth
21:45is a rocky planet
21:47and Saturn is a gas giant.
21:49The author is comparing
21:51Earth and Saturn.
21:53That's right.
21:55Click on the signal words
21:57for compare and contrast
21:59in the example.
22:10You found them!
22:12The signal words are
22:14alike, both,
22:16and but.
22:18When you see these words,
22:20then you have a better idea
22:22of the information that you are
22:24going to read.
22:26We can group or organize
22:28the ideas in this graphic organizer.
22:30The Venn Diagram.
22:32I remember the
22:34Venn Diagram.
22:36The details that are the same
22:38about the two things you are comparing
22:40are written in the overlapping parts
22:42of the two circles.
22:44And the details that are different
22:46about the two are written
22:48in the outer parts of each circle.
22:50Yes, that's right.
22:52Earth and Saturn are both
22:54planets.
22:56But Earth is a rocky planet
22:58and Saturn is a gas giant.
23:02Cause and effect
23:04is another text structure
23:06used in expository text.
23:08I know that the
23:10cause is why something happens
23:12and the effect is what
23:14happens.
23:16Yes, that's right.
23:18Let's look at some signal words
23:20and phrases for cause and effect.
23:22They are so,
23:24if then,
23:26when then,
23:28causes, therefore,
23:30this led to,
23:32as a result,
23:34and because.
23:36Let's read this example.
23:38Day and night occur
23:40because the Earth turns
23:42on its axis.
23:44When the Earth turns,
23:46the Sun is moving.
23:48As a result, the Sun
23:50appears to rise in the East
23:52and set in the West.
23:54Click on all the signal words
23:56for cause and effect
23:58in the example.
24:10You found them!
24:12The signal words are
24:14are, when, as a result,
24:16and because.
24:18These ideas
24:20can be grouped
24:22in a graphic organizer.
24:24It's a cause and effect organizer.
24:26Why something happens
24:28is written in the cause box.
24:30And what happened
24:32is written in the effect box.
24:34You got it!
24:36The Earth turns on its axis.
24:38As a result,
24:40we have day and night.
24:42Recognizing
24:44what text structure
24:46the author uses
24:48helps you better understand
24:50what you read.
24:52Good job!
24:54Let's read this story again.
24:56The Flying Pizza
25:00Written by
25:02Madison Parks
25:04Illustrated by
25:06Dan Kinster
25:12Mrs. Russo loved to cook.
25:14She made all kinds of good
25:16things to eat, but my favorite
25:18was her pizza.
25:20I asked her,
25:22Will you show me how to make a pizza?
25:24Yes, she said.
25:26If we're going to make a pizza,
25:28then we need to go shopping.
25:30We ran out the door.
25:36I came to a sudden stop
25:38when I saw her get into an airplane.
25:40Come on, she waved to me.
25:42I thought we were going shopping,
25:44I said.
25:46We are going shopping,
25:48but we're not going to a grocery store,
25:50she explained.
25:52My secret recipe
25:54calls for special ingredients.
25:56Then we took off.
26:02After a while,
26:04Mrs. Russo pointed to the ground.
26:06She said,
26:08If we're going to make pizza crust,
26:10then we must stop at the sweet field.
26:12Why do we need wheat?
26:14I asked.
26:16Flour is made from wheat,
26:18and pizza crust is made
26:20from flour, she said.
26:22Let me show you how flour
26:24is made.
26:30Mrs. Russo explained,
26:32Farmers plant wheat seeds.
26:34When the wheat grows tall,
26:36they are cut.
26:38Then the cut wheat is taken to a mill
26:40and crushed into flour,
26:42she added.
26:48Once the wheat has been made into flour,
26:50she said,
26:52we can use it to make a pizza crust.
26:58Later, Mrs. Russo pointed to the ground
27:00and said,
27:02If we're going to make pizza sauce,
27:04then we must stop at this tomato farm.
27:06Why do we need tomatoes?
27:08I asked.
27:10Pizza sauce is made from tomatoes,
27:12she said.
27:14Let me show you how pizza sauce is made.
27:20Mrs. Russo explained,
27:22Tomatoes begin as seeds.
27:26When the tomatoes are ripe,
27:28the farmers pick them.
27:30Then the ripe tomatoes are cooked
27:32and crushed to make sauce,
27:34she added.
27:40Because the tomatoes were made into sauce,
27:42she said,
27:44we can use it on our pizza.
27:50Later, Mrs. Russo pointed to the ground
27:52and said,
27:54My pizza needs cheese,
27:56so we will stop at this dairy farm.
27:58What do we need here?
28:00I asked.
28:02I only see cows.
28:04Cows give milk,
28:06and cheese is made from milk,
28:08she said.
28:10Let me show you how cheese is made.
28:16Mrs. Russo explained,
28:18The milk goes to a cheese factory.
28:20It is a place that makes cheese.
28:24At the factory,
28:26special ingredients are added
28:28to make the cheese needed.
28:30After a while,
28:32the milk turns into cheese,
28:34she added.
28:38Because the milk became cheese,
28:40she said,
28:42we can use it on our pizza.
28:44We had everything we needed,
28:46so we went back home.
28:50Mrs. Russo showed me how to make a pizza
28:52with flour, tomatoes, and cheese.
28:54It was the best!
28:58I asked,
29:00Mrs. Russo,
29:02will you show me how to make
29:04chocolate chip cookies?
29:06Well, she said,
29:08if we are going to make chocolate chip cookies,
29:10then we need to go shopping.
29:14I would love to taste
29:16some of that pizza.
29:18Yum! Yum! Yum!
29:20Let's summarize this story.
29:22The Flying Pizza.
29:24The Flying Pizza.
29:26Who were the characters?
29:28Mrs. Russo
29:30and the little girl.
29:32What was the setting of the story?
29:34When the story took place
29:36was during the daytime.
29:38Where? Well, different places.
29:40But most of the action took place
29:42while flying in an airplane.
29:44What was the problem?
29:46The little girl
29:48wanted Mrs. Russo
29:50to show her how to make pizza.
29:52But they didn't have the ingredients.
29:54How was
29:56the problem solved?
29:58The little girl's problem
30:00was solved when they got the ingredients
30:02they needed and Mrs. Russo
30:04made her a pizza.
30:06Great job!
30:08Let's make
30:10a list of some causes and effects
30:12from the story.
30:14Dudley, help us please.
30:16Yes, sir.
30:18Remember,
30:20an effect
30:22is what happened
30:24and the cause is why
30:26it happened.
30:28They went shopping.
30:30This was an effect.
30:32Why did they go shopping?
30:34To get the ingredients to make pizza.
30:36This was the cause.
30:38Very good.
30:40Next, they stopped
30:42at a wheat field.
30:44Was an effect.
30:46Why did they stop?
30:48To get the crust.
30:50Needing the flour was the cause.
30:52Then?
30:54They stopped at the tomato farm.
30:56Was an effect.
30:58Why did they stop?
31:00To get tomatoes.
31:02To make pizza sauce, of course.
31:04This was the cause.
31:06That's it.
31:08You guys are on a roll.
31:10And last.
31:12They stopped at the dairy farm, too.
31:14This was an effect.
31:16To get cheese for the pizza.
31:18Great job, Bookworms.
31:20You know a lot about
31:22cause and effect.
31:24Knowing what happens
31:26and why it happens
31:28helps you understand the story
31:30better.
31:36Hey, gather around.
31:38Let's learn
31:40more about stories.
31:42A story has
31:44many parts.
31:46You've learned that a story has
31:48characters and
31:50a setting.
31:52Many stories also have problems
31:54and
31:56solutions, too.
31:58A problem is something
32:00that you can't do or can't figure out.
32:02Well,
32:04what is a solution?
32:06A solution means to find a way
32:08to figure out something
32:10or work out the problem.
32:12Hmm, this makes me think
32:14of when I had a problem seeing the words
32:16in books. The doctor
32:18helped me solve my problem.
32:20She gave me these cool glasses.
32:22Now I can see everything
32:24clearly.
32:26Dudley, that's a great
32:28example of a problem
32:30and solution.
32:32When there is a problem,
32:34you do things to solve the problem.
32:38This story is about a queen
32:40who has a problem.
32:42I wonder what kind of problem
32:44a queen has.
32:46Hey, let's read and find out.
32:48Oh, good idea.
32:50Vernon, would you help us
32:52with a couple of words that we will read
32:54in this book?
32:56Sure, Mr. C.
33:00Here are some characters
33:02in the story.
33:04Queen.
33:06Click on the word queen.
33:08A queen
33:10is a woman who is a ruler
33:12of a kingdom.
33:14Guards.
33:16Click on the word
33:18guards.
33:20Guards help
33:22to protect people.
33:24Knight.
33:26Click on the word
33:28knight.
33:30A knight is a soldier
33:32who serves a king or queen.
33:34Horse.
33:36Click on the word
33:38horse.
33:40A horse
33:42is a four-legged animal
33:44used for riding or doing work.
33:48Princess.
33:50Click on the word
33:52princess.
33:54A princess is the daughter
33:56of a king or queen.
34:00The setting is when
34:02and where
34:04the story takes place.
34:06The story takes place
34:08in the morning inside the queen's
34:10castle.
34:12Click on the word
34:14morning.
34:16Morning is
34:18the earliest part of the day.
34:20Click on the word
34:22castle.
34:24A castle is a large
34:26home where kings and queens
34:28live.
34:30Some other words in the story
34:32are suitcase
34:34and closet.
34:36A suitcase is a bag
34:38used for carrying clothes on a trip.
34:40A closet is a
34:42small opening in a wall used
34:44for storing clothes.
34:50Thanks, Vernon.
34:52Let's read to find
34:54the problem and
34:56the solution in this story.
35:00The sun
35:02was coming up above the castle.
35:04It was a nice morning
35:06for a trip.
35:08The queen opened
35:10her closet doors.
35:12She had many crowns
35:14and robes.
35:16What should I pack, she thought.
35:20I know.
35:22I will pack everything,
35:24the queen shouted.
35:26She put every crown into her suitcase.
35:28She packed every
35:30robe, too.
35:32The queen tried to
35:34shut her suitcase.
35:36She pushed down
35:38as hard as she could.
35:42I think I know
35:44what the problem is.
35:46The queen cannot shut her suitcase.
35:48You're right, Polly.
35:50The problem
35:52is that the queen cannot shut
35:54her suitcase.
35:56Let's see. Let's read and find out
35:58how the queen solves her problem.
36:00Oh, good idea, Katie.
36:04Robes stuck out from the sides.
36:06No matter how hard
36:08she tried, the queen
36:10could not shut it.
36:12She called for the royal guards.
36:14Shut
36:16my suitcase, she told them.
36:20The guards stood
36:22on the suitcase. They sat
36:24on the suitcase. The royal guards
36:26could not shut it.
36:28The queen called for the royal knight.
36:30Shut
36:32my suitcase, she told him.
36:36The knight pushed
36:38with his strong arms.
36:40His armor shook as he
36:42pushed. The suitcase
36:44shut.
36:46Suddenly, the suitcase popped
36:48open. The royal knight
36:50could not shut it.
36:52The queen called for the royal horse.
36:56The princess followed the horse
36:58into the room.
37:00The horse tried to shut the suitcase,
37:02but it could not
37:04shut it.
37:06I know how to shut the suitcase,
37:08said the princess.
37:10Everyone looked at the little girl.
37:12Take out some robes, she said.
37:16The queen took out
37:18several robes. The suitcase
37:20shut. Everyone
37:22clapped. The queen
37:24left and blew a kiss
37:26to the princess.
37:28Did you enjoy
37:30that story?
37:32Yes.
37:34What's the problem in this story?
37:36The problem
37:38in the story was that the queen
37:40could not shut her suitcase.
37:42Well, what things
37:44did the queen do to figure
37:46out or solve her
37:48problem? Well,
37:50first she asked the guards to help her,
37:52but they couldn't. Then she
37:54asked the knight and the horse,
37:56but they couldn't help either.
37:58It was the princess
38:00who helped solve the queen's problem.
38:02She told her
38:04to take some robes out of the suitcase.
38:06Yes, and when
38:08the queen took out some robes,
38:10she was able to shut her suitcase.
38:12Problem solved.
38:14Very good, guys.
38:16The problem
38:18was the queen could not
38:20shut her suitcase.
38:22The solution was to
38:24take some of the robes out.
38:26Now we know
38:28four important parts of
38:30a story. They are
38:32characters, setting,
38:34problem, and
38:36solution.
38:38Knowing them will help you
38:40understand the story better.
38:46Now let's
38:48read a new story
38:50with just a few sentences
38:52together.
38:54Look for the problem
38:56and solution.
38:58Jason lived
39:00on a farm. One
39:02morning, the chickens got out
39:04of the coop. Jason
39:06had to get them back inside.
39:08He tried to catch the
39:10chickens, but that plan did not
39:12work. Then
39:14Jason got a small pail
39:16and filled it with chicken feed.
39:18He dropped a handful of
39:20chicken feed on the ground.
39:22All the chickens ran
39:24to eat the feed.
39:26Jason made a trail of feed
39:28that led the chickens back inside
39:30the coop. When all
39:32the chickens were inside, Jason
39:34closed the gate.
39:36Read the question and
39:38read each answer
39:40by yourself. Then click
39:42on the button next to the correct
39:44answer.
39:54If you cannot
39:56read a word, click on it for
39:58help.
40:00No.
40:02Think about Jason.
40:04What did Jason have to figure out?
40:06When you have found the answer,
40:08click on the button
40:10next to the correct answer.
40:16No. The correct answer is
40:18Jason had to get the chickens
40:20back inside.
40:22Jason had a problem. The chickens
40:24got out of the coop, and Jason
40:26had to get them back inside.
40:28Try again.
40:30That's
40:32right.
40:34Move on to the next question.
40:40That's right.
40:42Jason led the
40:44chickens inside by feeding
40:46them. Move on to
40:48the next question.
40:50Ty went to school.
40:52Her best friend Jill was not there.
40:54Jill was at home
40:56sick. Ty did not
40:58have anyone to play with at
41:00recess. Ty saw
41:02a little girl playing by herself.
41:04Ty asked,
41:06Will you play a game with me?
41:08The little girl said,
41:10Yes. They had lots
41:12of fun.
41:16Yes.
41:18That's right.
41:20Ty thought she did not have
41:22anyone to play with at
41:24recess. Move on to
41:26the next question.
41:28Right again.
41:30Ty
41:32asked a little girl to play with her.
41:34She found another friend.
41:38Hey,
41:40gather around.
41:42We have a fun book
41:44to read. What do you do
41:46when it's time to start
41:48a new school year
41:50and your clothes don't
41:52fit anymore? We go to
41:54the store and buy new ones.
41:56Shopping with Mom
41:58is about a girl who
42:00needs new soccer clothes.
42:02What kinds of clothes
42:04do you need for soccer?
42:06You need shirts and shorts
42:08and socks and shoes.
42:10Vernon, will you help us with our
42:12words? Sure, Mr. C.
42:16We will read the words
42:18soccer camp.
42:20Click on the words
42:22soccer camp.
42:24A soccer camp
42:26is a place where you go to
42:28learn how to play soccer.
42:30Here is the word
42:32cleats. Click on the
42:34word cleats.
42:38Cleats
42:40are sports shoes that
42:42keep you from sliding.
42:44These next words end
42:46with ly. When a word
42:48has two or more syllables
42:50and ends with the letter
42:52y, the y
42:54sometimes makes the sound
42:56e. Click on the
42:58word quickly.
43:00Quickly
43:02means very fast.
43:04The girl hopped quickly down the
43:06sidewalk. Click
43:08on the word slowly.
43:12Slowly means not fast.
43:14She ate the ice cream
43:16so slowly that it melted
43:18on her shirt.
43:20Perfectly. Click on the word
43:22perfectly.
43:32Perfectly.
43:34Click on the word
43:36perfectly.
43:38Perfectly means that something is
43:40just right. The glass slipper
43:42fits Cinderella perfectly.
43:44Now you read the words.
43:46Soccer camp.
43:48Cleats. Quickly.
43:50Slowly.
43:52Perfectly.
43:54Great job,
43:56Vernon.
43:58It's time to read
44:00Shopping with Mom.
44:06Begin reading now.
44:30It is time to answer
44:32questions about
44:34Shopping with Mom.
44:36Read the question
44:38and read each
44:40answer by yourself.
44:42Then click on the button
44:44next to the correct answer.
44:46Click on the book button
44:48to look back.
44:50Click on the book button
44:52next to the correct answer.
44:54Click on the book button
44:56to look back.
44:58That's right.
45:00Move on to the
45:02next question.
45:08That's right.
45:16Well, what did you
45:18think about that book?
45:20It made me think about shopping
45:22for new clothes.
45:24Who were the characters
45:26in this story?
45:28The characters were a little girl
45:30and her mom.
45:32Where was the setting?
45:34The story took place
45:36at a shopping center.
45:38What was the problem?
45:40The girl needed new soccer clothes
45:42for camp.
45:44Was her problem solved?
45:46Yes. They got new soccer clothes
45:48from the shopping center.
45:50Very good.
45:52You answered some very important
45:54questions.
45:56To tell a summary of a story,
45:58it is important to know
46:00the characters, setting,
46:02problem, and
46:04solution.
46:06When you put this information together,
46:08you will have a good summary
46:10for Shopping with Mom.
46:12Who would like to try?
46:14I will, Mr. C. Shopping with Mom
46:16was about a little girl and her mom
46:18who needed to go shopping for soccer clothes.
46:20They went to a shopping center
46:22and bought all the things that they needed.
46:24Excellent!
46:30Now let's read Chapter 1.
46:34Who is following us?
46:40Chapter 1.
46:42A Sunny Day.
46:48My brother Phil and I
46:50had to meet Dad at his office.
46:52He worked at the post office
46:54that was four blocks away.
46:56We stepped outside
46:58and locked the house door.
47:00It was two o'clock
47:02in the afternoon.
47:04The sunshine was so bright
47:06that I had to close my eyes.
47:12I need some sunglasses.
47:14Pull down your baseball cap,
47:16Ted.
47:18You will be fine.
47:20I fixed my baseball cap
47:22to block the sun from my face.
47:24Phil was right.
47:26That did help.
47:32Phil and I started walking
47:34down the street.
47:36When we got to the corner,
47:38the sign read,
47:40Do Not Walk.
47:42We waited.
47:44People were chatting.
47:46It was either Phil or me.
47:48When the sign changed to walk,
47:50we started across the street.
47:52Phil grabbed my hand.
47:54I jerked it away.
47:58Why do you think Ted
48:00jerked his hand away?
48:02I think that Ted jerked his hand away
48:04because he wanted to cross the street
48:06like the grown-ups.
48:10I do not need your help.
48:12Phil grabbed my hand again.
48:14You need my help
48:16until you get older.
48:18I made a face at my brother.
48:20I did not want his help.
48:24I think that Ted is acting independent.
48:26My dad says that sometimes
48:28I can be independent, too.
48:30Yes, Ted didn't want
48:32his big brother's help.
48:34Ted wanted to cross the street
48:36by himself, like grown-ups do.
48:38Ted didn't act very grown-up
48:40when he made a face at his brother.
48:42That was kind of childish.
48:44Obviously, you've never had an older brother.
48:52Phil and I
48:54walked two blocks and
48:56turned left at a stop sign.
48:58That is when I saw
49:00something following us.
49:02Phil and I
49:04had two more blocks to go.
49:06We passed a department store.
49:08Lots of things
49:10were in the big showcase windows.
49:12Phil was looking inside.
49:14I looked back.
49:16There it was again.
49:18It was big,
49:20and it was following us.
49:24Who is following them?
49:26I don't know.
49:28Maybe it's a monster.
49:34Phil, something really big
49:36is following us.
49:38Phil kept looking
49:40in the windows.
49:42Ted, stop kidding around
49:44and come on.
49:46I looked back again.
49:48My heart thumped quickly.
49:50Something big
49:52and dark
49:54was following us.
49:56Walk faster!
49:58Sounds like Ted is frightened.
50:00Yes, he's afraid.
50:02I would be scared, too.
50:08You are
50:10being silly.
50:12Phil was too busy
50:14looking in store windows to notice.
50:16I made myself
50:18look in the store windows
50:20like Phil.
50:22Surely the big dark thing
50:24would go away.
50:26I grabbed Phil's hand
50:28just in case.
50:34Very interesting.
50:36Ted wants to hold
50:38his big brother's hand.
50:40Why do you think
50:42Ted changed his mind?
50:44I think Ted is scared.
50:46And I'd grab my big brother's hand, too,
50:48if I was scared.
50:50Yes, scared could describe
50:52how Ted was feeling.
50:54Think about the words we use
50:56to describe Ted.
50:58Dudley, will you help us
51:00shine some light on the subject?
51:02You got it, Mr. C.
51:05You can learn a lot
51:07about a character like Ted
51:09from how he acts,
51:11what he says,
51:13and what other characters say about him.
51:15What word would you use
51:17to describe Ted?
51:19Independent,
51:21because he wanted to cross the street
51:23without holding Phil's hand.
51:25You know, he wanted to do it by himself.
51:29Childish,
51:31because he made a face at his brother.
51:33Scared,
51:35because his heart was thumping,
51:37and now he wants to hold Phil's hand.
51:39Independent,
51:41childish,
51:43scared.
51:45Yes, those words
51:47can be used to describe Ted.
51:49Great job!
51:56Now let's read Chapter 2.
51:59Who is following us?
52:03Chapter 2.
52:05It's still there.
52:13Dad's office was two blocks away.
52:15We stopped again
52:17before crossing the street.
52:19I looked back.
52:21Hurry!
52:23The big dark thing
52:25has not gone away.
52:27It's still there.
52:29It has not gone away.
52:35Phil waited for some cars
52:37to pass by.
52:39I peeked again.
52:41It was still there.
52:43I got as close to Phil
52:45as I could.
52:47Phil looked at me.
52:49What's your problem?
52:51Then the light changed.
52:53Phil looked left
52:55and right,
52:57but he did not look back.
52:59If he had, Phil would have seen
53:01the big dark thing
53:03following us.
53:05I looked back once more.
53:07I was scared.
53:09I started to tug on Phil's hand.
53:11We had to go faster.
53:19Phil did not hurry.
53:21He was too busy
53:23looking in store windows.
53:25I had to do something.
53:27I pushed Phil into a store
53:29and looked around.
53:33Why did Ted push Phil
53:35into a store?
53:37Ted wanted to get away from
53:39whoever was following them.
53:41See?
53:43I told you Ted was scared.
53:45Come on. Let's keep going.
53:47At last,
53:49the big dark thing was gone.
53:51I felt better.
53:55Phil looked puzzled.
53:57What's wrong with you, Ted?
53:59You didn't see it,
54:01but there is something
54:03following us.
54:05It is big and dark.
54:07It's nonsense.
54:09Show me where it is.
54:11It stayed outside.
54:13It didn't follow us
54:15into the store.
54:21There it is!
54:23There it is!
54:25Phil looked.
54:27At last, he saw
54:29the big dark thing.
54:31Phil grabbed my hand.
54:33Little brother,
54:35that big dark thing
54:37is a shadow.
54:39It will not hurt you.
54:41Let me show you something.
54:43Phil pointed to the sun.
54:45When sunlight
54:47cannot pass through something,
54:49it makes a dark spot.
54:51That big dark spot
54:53is a shadow.
54:55The sunlight cannot pass
54:57through us,
54:59so it makes a big shadow.
55:01Look.
55:03It does what we do.
55:05Of course.
55:07It was Ted's shadow
55:09following them.
55:13I looked.
55:15Part of the shadow
55:17did have a shape like me,
55:19only bigger.
55:21I stuck out my arm,
55:23and the shadow did the same thing.
55:25I stuck out my leg,
55:27and it did too.
55:29The sunlight cannot pass
55:31through you and me,
55:33so it made a big dark shadow.
55:41Oh, I see.
55:43It was my shadow
55:45that was following us.
55:47Phil grinned.
55:49Little brother,
55:51you do need my help sometimes.
55:53Yes,
55:55a big brother is a good thing
55:57to have around.
55:59We walked one more block
56:01to Dad's office.
56:03There was no need
56:05to be afraid anymore.
56:09What did you think
56:11about that book?
56:13I'm glad it was only Ted's shadow
56:15and sounds like Ted was glad too.
56:17When we started reading this book,
56:19I didn't know who was following them,
56:21but I didn't think it was a shadow.
56:23Me either,
56:25but then I started thinking about
56:27the details in the book,
56:29like the bright sunshine,
56:31the things following them was big and dark,
56:33and Phil thought Ted was acting silly.
56:35You are right, Mr. C.
56:37You can learn a lot about a character
56:39like Ted from how he acts,
56:41what he says,
56:43and what the characters say about him.
56:45Perfect!
56:47Now let's look back at our chart
56:49and add a few more words to describe Ted.
56:51Dudley?
56:53Yes, sir.
56:55Vernon?
56:57Glad.
56:59Ted was glad because it was only a shadow
57:01following them,
57:03and because he had a big brother
57:05to look out for him.
57:07I agree, Vernon.
57:09Let's read the describing words
57:11Independent, childish,
57:13scared, glad.
57:15Ted changed
57:17from the beginning of the story
57:19to the end,
57:21and all those words describe him.
57:23Great job!
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