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  • 4/16/2025
The pace of AI development is accelerating like never before β€” from mind-blowing breakthroughs in AGI to AI creating AI, the singularity is no longer a distant concept… it’s knocking at our door. 🀯

In this video, we break down the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence, explore the implications of the singularity, and ask the ultimate question: Are we ready?

🧠 What is the singularity?
πŸš€ How fast is AI advancing?
⚠️ What are the risks and benefits of superintelligent AI?

Join us on this deep dive into the AI Revolution and what it means for the future of humanity. Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe for more cutting-edge tech content!

πŸ”” Stay informed. Stay ahead.
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Transcript
00:00The story of our civilization is changing in every direction.
00:04The old tales are now crumbling.
00:05The destiny seems to have shifted the tides of our modernity.
00:09Artificial intelligence has crossed the boundaries of our ingenuity and intuition.
00:13Already, humanity has been gravely threatened by wars and modern technology, but nothing
00:18comes closer to the vicinity of AI.
00:21Just look at disinformation.
00:22This new risk of evil actors unleashing a wave of misinformation in history is extremely
00:28unreal.
00:29Even when systems aren't intentionally utilized to spread misinformation, they can nonetheless
00:34generate erroneous output.
00:36ChatGPT, for example, invented a sexual harassment controversy involving an actual professor
00:43and even fabricated a Washington Post story to back up the accusation.
00:47This type of misinformation is really concerning.
00:50AI systems can potentially yield biased outcomes, such as recommending job paths based on gender
00:56stereotypes.
00:57There are also concerns that AI could design chemical weapons quickly.
01:01Furthermore, recent advancements such as AutoGPT demonstrate that AI systems may coordinate
01:06with one others, potentially leading to large-scale scams.
01:09Given these dangers, we must consider how to limit AI risk through a new technical approach
01:15and a new governance framework.
01:16On the technical side, AI has been separated into symbolic systems and neural networks, both
01:23having advantages and disadvantages.
01:25To build dependable, true AI systems at scale, we must harmonize these two approaches.
01:31On the governance front, we need to create a worldwide institution similar to the international
01:36agency for AI, this organization should prioritize both governance and research.
01:40Governance could include methods akin to pharmaceutical trials to ensure safety before deploying AI systems
01:46on a big scale.
01:47Research is also critical, as we currently lack instruments to track the distribution and evolution
01:52of misinformation.
01:54While it is a significant issue, I believe we can rally worldwide support for responsible AI governance.
01:59Our future depends on it.
02:08Over a decade ago, a video of two AIs interacting went viral.
02:12The conversation began with the expected gibberish.
02:15So you are a robot?
02:16No, my name is Cliverba.
02:18Yes, you are a robot and your name is Cliverba.
02:21I am a robot.
02:22Yes, I know.
02:23Together we are robots.
02:24I'm not a robot.
02:26I'm a unicorn.
02:27But then took a philosophical turn when one AI inquired whether the other believed in God.
02:31What is God or you?
02:32Not everything.
02:33Not everything could also be something.
02:35For example, not everything could be half of something, which is still something,
02:39and therefore not nothing.
02:41Very true.
02:41I would like to imagine it is.
02:43Do you believe in God?
02:45Yes, I do.
02:46Alan Sokol, a physicist, became upset in the 1980s with how postmodernist commentators
02:51utilized science to promote esoteric beliefs.
02:54To expose this intellectual mistake, he submitted an article titled,
02:58Transgressing the Boundaries.
03:00Towards a transformative hermeneutics of quantum gravity to the prestigious magazine Social Text.
03:06This incident, known as the Sokol Hoax, demonstrates the dangers of accepting ideas without question,
03:12especially when they correspond to our pre-existing assumptions.
03:15The obsession with AI reveals a deeper issue.
03:18Our reliance on potentially erroneous sources of knowledge.
03:21This is both a technological and a societal issue.
03:25The phenomenology of spirit of philosopher Friedrich Hegel, as well as psychiatrist Jacques
03:30Laken's adaptation of Hegel's notions, help us understand this dynamic.
03:35Hegel's master-slave dialectic exemplifies how self-consciousness evolves via struggle and recognition.
03:41The master, who relies on the slave for praise, finds it ultimately unsatisfactory because it
03:46comes from someone he feels lesser.
03:47The slave improves their understanding of the world and themselves via labor and self-awareness,
03:52whereas the master is held back by their need for validation.
03:56In Hegel's dialectic, the master's reliance on the slave corresponds to the relationship between
04:01humans and artificial intelligence.
04:03We create AI with the hope that it will benefit us.
04:07Nevertheless, as AI progresses, we risk becoming reliant on it for knowledge and validation.
04:13This dynamic depicts the master's existential deadlock, in which they will never be entirely
04:18fulfilled because they can only be recognized by someone they consider inferior.
04:22The concept of technological singularity extends beyond fundamental mechanical capabilities.
04:27It also includes a time component. The singularity in technology is a plausible future in which
04:33unfettered and uncontrollable technological advances occur. These intelligent and powerful technologies
04:40will transform our reality in unexpected ways. According to the technological singularity theory,
04:47this type of progress will occur at an exceedingly rapid pace.
04:50The most noticeable characteristic of the singularity is that it will contain computer programs so advanced
04:56that artificial intelligence will outperform human intelligence.
05:00This has the potential to blur the distinction between humans and machines.
05:04One of the primary technologies that are believed to bring singularity is nanotechnology.
05:09This enhanced intelligence will have a significant impact on human society.
05:14These computer programs and artificial intelligence will evolve into highly advanced
05:18machines with cognitive abilities. Singularity may be closer than we realize.
05:23Since then, many of the most successful people have warned us about this type of
05:26future. Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, and even Bill Gates are among them.
05:37Ray Kurzweil, a well-known futurist with a track record of delivering accurate forecasts,
05:42predicts that the next 30 years will see the rise of technological singularity.
05:47According to Kurzweil, the process building up to the singularity has already begun.
05:52He predicts that by 2045, singularity will have taken over human jobs.
05:57But let's give it a deeper look. There are a lot of points of view on the question of singularity.
06:01Some are terrified, while others believe that the singularity represents a beneficial development.
06:06As previously said, the distinction between humans and machines may eventually be removed due to
06:11technological singularity. Some believe that human brains will be cloned or extracted and
06:17implanted into immortal robots, allowing the person to live indefinitely.
06:22Another prevalent belief holds that machines will design and program robots to dominate the globe.
06:28Without regard for the externalities they create, their activities will be solely focused on attaining
06:33their objectives. They will not be scared to damage people, the environment, and most importantly,
06:38our social norms. According to an alternative transhumanist notion, we will eventually reach a point
06:44where implanting AI, biotechnology, and genetic alteration into human bodies will allow people
06:50to live indefinitely. Mechanical valves, implants, and prostheses have already set us on this path
06:56to some degree. However, Kurzweil sees the singularity as an opportunity for humans to advance.
07:03He believes that the same technologies that improve AI intelligence will assist humans as well.
07:08Kurzweil claims that Parkinson's patients already have computers inside them.
07:12This is how cybernetics is simply becoming a part of our life. He believes that by the 2030,
07:17a device will have been developed that can penetrate your brain and improve your memory because
07:22technology has a natural tendency to advance. So, unlike the singularity's picture of robots taking
07:29over the world, Kurzweil believes the future will include extraordinary human-machine synthesis.
07:34When a machine learns to make new things, technology advances and scales exponentially.
07:39The technological singularity has been the subject of many science fiction films and stories.
07:45We've all seen at least one film in which technology and robots supplant human labor.
07:51Numerous prestigious scientific organizations have fiercely opposed technological singularity.
07:56So far, we've covered the basics of the technological singularity, but there's more.
08:07Singularity in technology is one type, but there are several others. Singularity can be found in various
08:13fields, including robotics. Robotics is a field that combines computer science and transdisciplinary
08:19engineering. It entails the construction, maintenance, use, and operation of robots. Because robotics is based on
08:26computer science, some singularity is to be expected. Singularity in robotics refers to a condition in
08:31which some directions are barred by the robot's end effector. For example, any six-axis robot arm or
08:37serial robot will have singularities. According to the American National Standards Institute,
08:42robot singularities occur when two or more robot axes are collinear. When this occurs, the robot's movements
08:49and speed remain undetermined. Singularity, for example, occurs when a badly programmed robot arm
08:55causes the robot to become imprisoned and stop working. There may come a time when humanity is able
09:01to develop a computer with artificial intelligence comparable to a person's cognitive and functional
09:06capacities. This may occur as a result of advancements that build on previous innovations.
09:12Following this, a period of relentless and irreversible growth may commence.
09:16Technological singularity enhances the possibility for inconceivable changes in human civilization.
09:22This could be the last invention created by humans. The outcome might be either catastrophic
09:27disaster or unprecedented affluence. Three reasons contribute to the current alterations. The first
09:33is an increase in processing power. Approximately every two years, the number of transistors in densely
09:39integrated circuits doubles. This increases the hardware's computing capability. Graphic processing units,
09:45GPUs, were increased by two-fold. As a result, parallel computing becomes more viable. Machines can find
09:52patterns in a wide range of data because to this vast computational capability, which includes better
09:58GPU parallel processing and cloud computing. The second thing that brings us closer to the singularity
10:04is the availability of labeled data. The Internet of Things is making all of our things
10:11smarter in our networked environment. The online world monitors and records our whole activities.
10:17In summary, both humans and machines generate vast volumes of data, which is then stored online.
10:24This includes information about our shopping patterns, music and movie preferences, dining habits,
10:29and travel plans. We can store both structured and unstructured data. The availability of low-cost data
10:35storage systems and big data processing capabilities aids in interpreting this massive
10:40amount of tagged data. This data is used to train programs to recognize occurrences and improve their
10:45performance in a specific task. The third factor is a unique method of training programs. These developments
10:51are all interconnected, contributing to the resurgence of deep learning within the AI field. With access to
10:57vast amounts of data and substantial computing power, machines are increasingly capable of learning
11:02autonomously, primarily through reinforcement learning, a specialized branch of machine learning.
11:07Artificial neural networks enable programs to develop sophisticated algorithms without the need
11:12for manual coding. As a result, machine learning now powers many of today's most popular applications,
11:18including technologies that allow self-driving cars and the detection of cancer cells using x-rays,
11:24among many others. Given these rapid technological changes, what possibilities could the Singularity bring?
11:31With their enormous computing capabilities and abilities to self-design and upgrade,
11:36super-intelligent machines may continuously enhance their own intelligence, potentially leading to
11:41unprecedented advancements.
11:43The Singularity's greatest threat is that it will turn against us and destroy all of humanity. Both robots
11:56and artificial intelligence represent an existential threat and an existential opportunity to surpass our
12:01limitations. According to the Singularity, AI and robots both operate on a reward system. AI has no sense of
12:08good and wrong. It is programmed to achieve a goal, and if it does, it is duly rewarded. On the other hand,
12:14a super-intelligence could devise whole new techniques for carrying out activities critical to our survival.
12:19Here we consider advancements in energy generation, transportation, housing, agriculture, and climate change
12:25mitigation. It might be difficult to define what is morally right. We progressively grow to grasp this by seeing our
12:32parents, siblings, friends, and society, and then we form our own opinions. The Singularity could allow
12:39mankind to populate several worlds and attain physical prowess that we can't even imagine. It has the
12:45potential to usher in a period of unprecedented wealth around the world, but only if we can somehow
12:51control it. Is it possible that the Singularity will cause changes to the human brain? We've already mentioned
12:57that there have been some attempts and AI offers some solutions. However, not all professionals are
13:03fully aware of the intricacy of the human brain. We have dreams and a subconscious mind. Humans also
13:09have empathy, awareness, and rational thought. Though machines will be able to exceed humans in math,
13:14will they be able to compete in these other human skills? We can't be certain because the Singularity
13:19hasn't yet occurred. Also, when we look at governmental laws and human rights, such as those that improve
13:25citizen protection, prohibit the use of particular technologies, limit privacy, and empower citizens
13:31to more effectively combat crime. We might see a change, perhaps more negative one. It will also
13:37have an impact on leadership and management. This will most likely result in the government having
13:41more authority to regulate everything. This might be especially concerning if there is a dictatorship,
13:47the Singularity would have complete control over everything. Law and order may shift as well.
13:52The economic systems may also be impacted by technological Singularity. Humans will no longer
13:58be required to work. Robots will be capable of performing practically all tasks, and human
14:04roles in society will be affected. Economic changes will have an impact on the source of wealth as well.
14:10Money will most likely be replaced by another innovation due to the Singularity, making money
14:14less significant. We can simply assume that Singularity will play an important role in all aspects of
14:19our lives. By starting slowly with simple improvements, the Singularity will only grow in power.
14:25As a result, specialists should take the initiative and devise a method to establish boundaries between
14:30AI and humans. Many scientists, such as Stephen Hawking and renowned people such as Elon Musk,
14:35regard Singularity as a negative force that can have a significant detrimental impact on humanity.
14:41Kurzweil, on the other hand, believes that Singularity can be a good transformation in which people will live in
14:46synthesis with machines. However, because the Singularity is still a long way off, or perhaps
14:53not, we cannot make any claims just yet. Kurzweil projected that Singularity would become a reality
14:58in 2045, aided by the AI breakthroughs we encounter on a daily basis. For the time being, we can only focus
15:05on the incredible progress we've made, which will give us with a fantastic new world to live in.
15:17So, do you see any similarities between your idea of merging the symbolic tradition of AI with these
15:23language models, and the type of human feedback that is now being built into the systems? I mean,
15:29Greg Brockman says that we don't just look at projections, we continually provide input. Isn't that a form?
15:35A symbol of wisdom? You may conceive of it that way. It's noteworthy to note that no information
15:41about how it works are likely to be disclosed. So, we don't know exactly what's in GPT-4, we don't
15:46know how big it is, how RLHF reinforcement learning works, or what other electronics are within. However,
15:52symbols are likely to be adopted gradually, but Greg would have to respond to that. I believe the main
15:57issue is that most of the knowledge in the neural network systems that we have now is represented as
16:03statistics between specific words, when the real knowledge that we need is statistics about
16:09relationships between entities in the environment. So, it's now represented at the wrong grain level,
16:14and there's a massive bridge to cross. So, what you get now is you have these guard rails, but they're
16:18not particularly reliable. I had an example that gained some attention recently. Someone asked,
16:25what would be the weight of the heaviest U.S. president? This question confused the system,
16:30leading it to provide a convoluted explanation about how weight is a personal matter, and it's not
16:35appropriate to discuss individuals' weights, despite there being factual records about past presidents.
16:40Similarly, when asked about a hypothetical seven-foot-tall president, the system incorrectly stated
16:46that presidents of all heights have served, even though no president has ever been seven feet tall.
16:52This shows that some AI-generated responses can miss the mark by being overly cautious or restrictive
16:58with certain topics, rather than providing straightforward fact-based answers.
17:03What are you seeing out there right now? What trends or patterns do you notice?
17:06There's a real concern that people may perceive discussions like this as an attack, which could
17:11hinder the constructive synthesis we need to address these challenges. Are there any positive signs or
17:16indicators of progress? It's also interesting to note that Sundar Pichai, the CEO of Google,
17:22recently advocated for global governance of AI during an interview on CBS's 60 Minutes.
17:27It's one of the critical technologies which will impact national security. Over time,
17:32I do think it's important to remember that technology will be available to most countries,
17:37and so I think over time we would need to figure out global frameworks.
17:42It seems even tech companies themselves are beginning to recognize the need for some form of regulation.
17:47While achieving global consensus will be challenging, there's a growing sense that we must take
17:52collective action, which could foster the kind of international cooperation I'm suggesting.
17:57Do you think organizations like the UN or individual countries can come together to regulate AI effectively,
18:04or will it require an extraordinary act of global goodwill to establish such a governing structure?
18:09How do you see this playing out? The threats posed by AI are not just hypothetical,
18:14they are very real and immediate. AI systems have the capacity to fabricate falsehoods,
18:20bypass safeguards, and operate on a massive scale that was unimaginable just a few years ago.
18:25This presents both exciting possibilities and significant dangers. The risk that malicious actors
18:31could use these tools to undermine trust in institutions, manipulate elections, or incite
18:35violence is a pressing issue that requires our attention now, not later.
18:45One of the most compelling illustrations of this threat is the concept of auto-GPT,
18:50which allows one AI system to govern another. This enables the automation of tasks,
18:56with the potential to cause widespread harm. Consider a world in which millions of people are
19:01targeted by AI-powered frauds, disinformation campaigns, or other malevolent actions, all
19:07orchestrated by a network of AI systems working together. However, it is not only the technology
19:13that is at risk, it is also the manner we incentivize its development. Currently, much of AI development
19:19is driven by business interests that value speed and profit over safety and accuracy. This is why we
19:25require a new approach to AI governance that prioritizes accountability, openness, and global collaboration.
19:32As I previously stated, symbolic systems and neural networks are two distinct approaches to AI,
19:37both with merits and faults. Symbolic systems excel in clear reasoning and handling facts,
19:42but they are difficult to scale. Neural networks, on the other hand, are easier to scale and can learn
19:49from large amounts of data, but they struggle to understand reality and make reliable conclusions.
19:54To construct trustworthy AI systems, we must mix the best of both techniques.
19:59This entails creating AI capable of reasoning with the precision of symbolic systems while learning
20:04and adapting in the same way neural networks do. It's a difficult task, but not impossible.
20:09After all, the human brain performs something similar with its System 1 and System 2 processes,
20:15as explained by Daniel Kahneman. Even with the right technical approach, we must align AI development
20:21incentives with societal interests. This is when government comes in. We need a global,
20:26impartial, non-profit organization to oversee AI development and ensure that it is done safely and
20:32ethically. This institution would need to bring together stakeholders from all across the world,
20:36including governments, businesses, scholars, and civil society.
20:48Many questions remain to be answered in terms of governance. For example, how can we ensure that
20:52AI systems are thoroughly tested and assessed before they are deployed at scale? In the pharmaceutical sector,
20:58clinical trials are used to ensure the safety of new pharmaceuticals. Could we create something
21:03similar for AI? Perhaps we should compel AI developers to create a safety case before deploying new
21:09systems, explaining potential dangers and advantages, as well as how they would be handled. On the research
21:15side, we need to create new methods for measuring and mitigating the hazards of AI. For example, while we
21:22recognize that misinformation is an issue, we currently lack a method to measure how much misinformation
21:28exists or how quickly it spreads. We also do not sure how much huge language models contribute to this problem.
21:34Developing these technologies will necessitate a concentrated research effort, which must be
21:39funded by the international community. You have witnessed the growth of artificial intelligence. Many of you
21:45have probably spoken to a computer which understood you and responded to you. With such rapid advancement,
21:51it is not impossible to conceive that computers will eventually become as clever as, if not more
21:56intelligent than humans. And it's easy to envision that when that happens, the influence of such
22:03artificial intelligence will be enormous. And you may wonder whether it is okay for technology to have
22:09such an impact. And my purpose here is to highlight the existence of a power that many of you may be unaware
22:15of, which gives me optimism that we will be pleased with the results. So artificial intelligence, what is it and
22:22how does it function? It turns out that explaining how artificial intelligence works is relatively
22:28simple. Only one sentence. Artificial intelligence is nothing more than the digital brain found in
22:33mainframe computers. That is artificial intelligence. Every cool AI you've seen is built on this concept.
22:40For decades, scientists and engineers have been trying to figure out how a digital brain should work as
22:44well as how to build and develop one. It's amazing to me that the biological brain is where humans get their
22:49intelligence from. The artificial brain serves as the seat of intelligence in artificial intelligence,
22:54which makes sense.
23:02When considering the development of artificial intelligence, one can't help but marvel at the
23:07potential to create machines that possess exceptional cognitive abilities. This endeavor not only advances
23:14technology, but also offers the potential to reveal deeper insights into concepts like awareness and
23:20cognition. Curiosity about the nature of intelligence itself has always been a driving force. In the late
23:271990s, it was clear that there was much that science had yet to uncover about how intelligence works, whether
23:33in humans or machines. The possibility that advancements in artificial intelligence could bring about significant
23:39change was evident even then. Although the future of AI remains uncertain, its potential impact is
23:45undeniable. With this understanding, the focus shifts back to artificial intelligence, or what can be termed
23:50digital brains, and the endless possibilities they present. Today, computerized brains are far less
23:56intelligent than biological brains. When you talk to an AI bot, you rapidly find that it doesn't know everything,
24:02but it does grasp the majority of it. However, it is evident that it is incapable of doing many tasks and has some
24:08unusual gaps. However, I feel that the problem is only transitory. As academics and engineers continue
24:14to work on AI, the digital brains that live inside our computers will eventually become as smart as,
24:20if not better than, our biological brains. Computers will be wiser than humans. We name such AI AGI,
24:27or Artificial General Intelligence, when we can assert that we can train AI to do anything, such as what I or
24:33someone else can do. So even though AGI does not yet exist, we can acquire some insight into its impact
24:39once it does. It is obvious that such an AGI will have a significant impact on every aspect of life,
24:45human activity, and society. And I want to swiftly review a problem. This is a limited illustration of
24:50a very broad technology. Healthcare is the example I'd want to present.
24:54Creating tissue. Many of you have tried to see a doctor before. Sometimes you have to wait months,
24:59and then when you go to see the doctor, you only have a little amount of time with the doctor,
25:03and the doctor, being only human, may have limited knowledge of all of this. All of the medical
25:09information that exists. At the end of the therapy, you will be given a large bill. So if you had an
25:14intelligent computer, an AGI, programmed to be a doctor, it would have complete knowledge of all
25:20medical literature. It will have billions of hours of clinical experience, and it will be widely
25:25available and inexpensive. When this occurs, we will view health in the same light that we did
25:30dentistry in the 16th century. You know, when they tied people up with these belts and drills,
25:35today's healthcare would be same. Again, this is only an example. AGI will have a profound and amazing
25:41impact on all aspects of human endeavor. However, when you observe such a significant influence,
25:47you may ask, my god, is this technology so powerful? And yes, for every positive application of AGI,
25:53there will be a terrible application. This technology will also vary from other technologies
25:59in that it will be capable of self-improvement. It is conceivable to create an AGI that will function
26:05with the next generation of AGI. The analogy we have with this huge technological discovery
26:11is the Industrial Revolution, when humanity and the material conditions of human civilization were
26:16very, very stable. Then there was an upsurge, a quick expansion. With AGI, the same thing may happen
26:22again but faster. Furthermore, there are fears that if an AGI grows extremely powerful, which is possible,
26:29it may choose to go rogue because it is an agent. This is an existential worry with this unparalleled
26:35technology. And when you look at all of AGI's positive potential and related possibilities, you
26:41could think, my god, where is all of this going? The key to remember is that because AI and AGI are the
26:48only areas of the economy that are generating a lot of enthusiasm, there are a lot of labs around the
26:54world working on the same project. Even if OpenAI takes the appropriate steps, what about the rest of
26:59the industry in the world? And this is where I'd want to make an observation about the force of existence.
27:05The observation is this. Think about the world a year ago or more recently. People don't really discuss
27:10AI in the same manner. What happened? We've all had the experience of communicating with a computer
27:16and being understood.
27:25The belief that computers will become fully intelligent and eventually smarter than humans
27:29is gaining popularity. It used to be a niche concept that only a few enthusiasts, hobbyists,
27:35and people who were deeply engaged in AI would consider, but now many are considering it. As AI
27:41advances and technology develops, it will become clearer what it can do and where it is headed.
27:46AGI will grow great and worry as much as is necessary. And I believe that individuals will begin to act in
27:52unprecedented cooperative ways for their own self-interest. It happened now. The leading AGI firms are
27:58beginning to work in one specific area through the Frontier Model Forum. To ensure the security of AIs,
28:04we anticipate that competitive organizations will communicate technology specs. We can see the
28:09government doing this. There is a strong belief that AGI has the potential to bring about significant,
28:15possibly dramatic changes. One of the emerging ideas is that as technological advances bring us closer
28:21to achieving AGI, the approach should not be one of competition, but rather cooperation with these
28:28advanced systems. The reasoning behind this is that embracing collaboration with intelligent machines
28:34might better serve humanity's interests, especially given the transformative potential of AGI. As AI
28:40capabilities improve and its potential becomes more evident, those leading AI and AGI initiatives,
28:46as well as those working on them, are likely to reconsider their perspectives on AI, leading to a shift in
28:51collective behavior and attitudes toward these technologies. Now turning our attention once again to the singularity,
28:58we must address the implications it holds for future economic dynamics. It's tempting to get caught up in the
29:04hype around AI and envisage a world where everything is abundant and everyone's demands are addressed. However,
29:10even in a future governed by super-intelligent AI, certain resources will remain scarce. Even with AI's tremendous
29:17intelligence, some physical resources will be restricted. Desirable and fertile land, clean drinking water, and
29:23precious minerals are examples of resources that AI cannot simply produce more of. While artificial
29:29intelligence may aid in the discovery of new ways to manage these resources, such as enhanced recycling or
29:35space mining, their underlying scarcity will endure. On the other hand, the singularity is likely to result in an
29:41abundance of knowledge, information, and cognitive labor. AI will outperform human intelligence, making most of our
29:48cognitive work irrelevant. This does not imply that humans will become obsolete. Rather, our role in
29:53problem solving and invention will shift radically. AI may solve issues at previously unfathomable speeds and
30:00scales, ushering in an era of copious and easily accessible information for all. With an abundance of
30:06cognitive work, we may anticipate rapid technological progress. AI has the ability to open up new possibilities in
30:13high-energy physics, biology, and material science. For example, nuclear fusion, which has eluded scientists
30:19for decades, could become a reality with AI's assistance. The ramifications of achieving nuclear fusion are
30:24significant, providing a nearly endless supply of energy that might revolutionize every part of society.
30:37Even after the singularity, there will remain problems that AI cannot handle or that require more
30:43than computing capacity. These include the difficult issues of consciousness, fundamental questions
30:49about existence, and the meaning of life. These are not problems that can be solved using algorithms or
30:55statistics. They necessitate a level of human comprehension, interpretation, and subjective experience that
31:00AI may never achieve. AI may help us understand the cosmos better, but even the most advanced algorithms
31:06will never be able to solve all riddles. The nature of consciousness, for example, may never be fully known by
31:12robots. This raises a critical question. What happens when AI approaches its limits? Will we, as humans,
31:19continue to seek answers to these important issues, or will we allow AI to do the thinking for us?
31:25Mind uploading or the transfer of human consciousness into a computer form is one of the most contentious
31:31theories linked with the singularity. While this idea may appeal to some, it raises serious ethical and
31:36philosophical concerns. Can a digital replica of a person really be deemed the same as the original?
31:43Is it possible to express the essence of awareness in code? If so, what happens to the human experience?
31:48These are questions that may go unsolved as we push the boundaries of AI.
31:52One of the most immediate consequences will be for jobs and occupations. Most jobs as we know them now
32:05will become obsolete. AI will outperform humans in practically every cognitive task, causing a
32:11fundamental shift in how we perceive labor, purpose, and success. In a world where AI performs the majority
32:17of cognitive activities, what would humans do? Some argue that we will change our priorities to creativity,
32:23exploration, and self-improvement. Instead of working to live, we might pursue our passions and
32:29interests. Education systems may also adapt to place a greater emphasis on individual abilities and
32:34interests rather than set curriculums. Imagine a school system in which each student's education is
32:38tailored to their own strengths and passions, allowing them to excel in ways that traditional education
32:44systems cannot. As occupations become less important, we may see the rise of new social institutions.
32:51Multi-generational houses, co-living communities, and eco-villages may become more prevalent as people
32:57seek new ways to connect and find meaning in their lives. The emphasis may move from economic success
33:03to personal fulfillment and social connection, resulting in a society in which the quest of happiness
33:08is prioritized over the chase of wealth. While the singularity promises a brighter future,
33:13it also poses enormous hazards and obstacles. One of the most serious concerns is the creation
33:20and control of artificial intelligence. As AI becomes more powerful, the possibility of misuse
33:26increases. There are two main failure modes. Losing control of AI, which might lead to an AI-driven
33:32catastrophe, and permitting the wrong people to govern AI, resulting in widespread subjection and
33:38oppression. Ensuring that AI remains under human control presents a huge hurdle. As AI gets increasingly
33:45independent, the possibility of it acting in ways that are incompatible with human values grows. As AI
33:51technology advances, many experts advocate for tougher laws and safety precautions. However, governing
33:57artificial intelligence is easier said than done. The rapid development of AI makes it difficult for
34:02regulators to keep up. And implementing these standards on a worldwide scale is another difficulty
34:07entirely. Another big problem is how AI's benefits are distributed. Will the singularity's advancements
34:12be available to everybody, or will they be hoarded by the wealthy and powerful? History has demonstrated
34:19that when resources are few, people in authority prefer to amass them, frequently at the expense of others.
34:25If artificial intelligence leads to a society in which money and resources are even more concentrated in the
34:31hands of a few, widespread inequality and societal instability may ensue. Corporations are inherently
34:37profit-driven. As AI gets more integrated into the business sector, there is a risk that companies will
34:43utilize it to boost profits at the expense of workers and society as a whole. We may envision a future in
34:49which companies are more dominant than ever, with AI allowing them to run with minimum human interaction.
34:56This could result in a future in which the rich become wealthier, while the rest of society
35:01fights to keep up.
35:09AI development does not happen in a vacuum. It is part of a broader global panorama that includes
35:16geopolitical tensions, cultural divides, and the possibility of conflict. The world's nation's
35:21decision to collaborate or not in the development and deployment of AI will have a huge impact on the
35:27future. On the one hand, artificial intelligence has the ability to bring nations closer together,
35:33encouraging global cooperation and collaboration. On the other hand, the rush to create the most
35:39advanced AI may result in increased competitiveness and violence, particularly among the world's
35:45superpowers. The threat of an AI weapons race is real, and the implications could be catastrophic.
35:50Trauma politics, or the premise that leaders with unresolved trauma can project their sorrow onto the
35:57world, complicates the global AI environment. Leaders who have been through considerable trauma
36:03may employ AI to exert control and oppression rather than for the development of humanity.
36:08This could lead to a world in which artificial intelligence is exploited to impose
36:12authoritarian authority rather than foster freedom and democracy. Perhaps we'll see new forms of
36:18government arise. Some believe that we will evolve toward a more global type of governance,
36:23with AI playing an important part in decision making. However, this is unlikely to occur overnight.
36:29Cultural differences, language hurdles, and historical grievances must be resolved before any kind of
36:34global administration can be established. Meanwhile, we may witness the creation of regional alliances and
36:39unions, similar to the European Union, that collaborate to manage AI's impact on society.
36:45Not long ago, I had a meaningful conversation with my parents. They were reflecting on their lives
36:51and marveling at the incredible changes that have taken place over the past few decades.
36:56For younger people, it can be difficult to grasp just how far humanity has come. And honestly,
37:01it's sometimes hard for me to understand too. Their stories took me back to a time when the world was
37:06fundamentally different, like in 1978, the year they got married. Back then, my father worked as a
37:12mechanic, fixing cars that, by today's standards, were simple machines. In the late 1970s, cars were
37:18mostly mechanical, with very little electronic technology involved. They knew a world where
37:22technology was starting to take off, but was still limited by today's standards. Fast forward to now,
37:28and I'm fascinated by artificial intelligence, AI, and other groundbreaking technologies that are beyond
37:33their realm of experience. My father, bless him, still imagines the cloud as something to do with
37:39storing files in the sky. It's a humbling reminder of how much the world has transformed. Reflecting on
37:45these changes led me to think about humanity's timeline and the rapid pace of technological advancement.
37:51When we look at some of the most revolutionary inventions, like the plow, the steam locomotive,
37:56the telephone, the radio, the personal computer, and more recent breakthroughs such as quantum computing,
38:01blockchain, and CRISPR gene editing, we see a clear pattern. The gaps between these innovations are
38:07getting shorter and shorter. The speed of technological progress has accelerated dramatically, especially
38:13in the last few decades. If we visualize this, we'd see that the majority of these groundbreaking
38:18innovations happened recently. The more we go back in time, the fewer these inventions become.
38:23Tens of thousands of years ago, life was rather unchanging. Whether you lived in 500 BC or 800 BC,
38:29little has changed over the years. Today, however, a decade or two might result in massive shifts.
38:35Consider this. Just 10 or 15 years ago, smartphones were uncommon, social media was in its early stages,
38:41and artificial intelligence was still a distant concept. One of the most exciting elements of
38:47technological advancement is its exponential growth. Consider the smartphone in your pocket,
38:53for instance, it's not just a phone, but a supercomputer. If you went back only 20 years,
38:58your smartphone's computing capacity would have made it the most powerful supercomputer in the world,
39:03costing millions of dollars and filling entire rooms. But what exactly does it imply when we claim
39:09progress is exponential? Consider charting progress on the y-axis against time on the x-axis. Typically,
39:16technological advancement follows an s-curve, slow beginning growth, rapid acceleration, and then
39:22plateauing. But here's the kicker. The following technological cycle begins at a greater level
39:27than the prior. Each generation of technology adds to the previous one, resulting in a recursive,
39:33self-improving compounding effect. This is why technological advancement can appear to surge out
39:38of nowhere. Now, humans are not predisposed to understand exponential expansion. Nothing in our
39:44evolutionary history has developed at an exponential rate. When our forefathers hunted animals, the speed of
39:50the prey did not rise exponentially. Therefore, our brains develop to think linearly. This discrepancy
39:56results in what I refer to as the exponential gapβ€”the difference between our linear projections
40:02and the actual exponential reality. The Human Genome Project serves as a classic example. It was
40:08launched in 1990 with the goal of decoding the human genome, but only 1% of it had been accomplished
40:14after seven years. Critics projected that it would take 700 years to complete. But they were mistaken.
40:20Exponential expansion began, and the project was completed in 2003. Today, you can have your genome
40:27sequenced for a few hundred dollarsβ€”a task that was previously thought to be impossible in our lifetime.
40:33Bill Gates summed it up perfectly. We always overestimate the change that will occur in the next two years,
40:39and underestimate the change that will occur in the next ten years. This knowledge applies not only to
40:45technological processes, but also to our overall sense of progress. The concept of technological
40:52singularity is both intriguing and terrifying. Consider compressing the advances we've made over
40:58the last century into a single year or even a second. It's nearly unthinkable, yet it's a possibility we
41:04should explore. The first to identify this pattern was John von Neumann, one of the 20th century's most
41:10significant mathematicians. He predicted that the ever-increasing speed of technological advancement
41:16would eventually lead to the end of human affairs as we know them. This singularity, if it occurs, would
41:22signify a profound shift in humanity's trajectory. However, the negative effects, such as social instability,
41:28dangers to democracy, and even the fundamental nature of what it means to be human,
41:33are equally severe. Even if the singularity remains a theoretical concept, the very possibility of
41:40its occurring is reason enough for us to begin discussing it now. We live in remarkable times,
41:45and I'm already looking forward to having this talk with my future grandchildren. Will they be as
41:50surprised by the changes in their lives as my grandparents were by theirs? Only time will tell.
41:56Finally, our interaction with AI and other sources of authority should be one of active engagement
42:00rather than passive acceptance. We must be willing to explore ideas, recognize their limitations, and
42:06build upon them. This is not an easy path, but it is the only way to ensure that we maintain control
42:12over our destiny rather than becoming slaves to the very technologies we create. The stories of AI,
42:18the Salkal Hoax, and Hegel and Laken's philosophical ideas all point to one common theme, the importance of
42:24critical contact with sources of knowledge and authority in our lives. As AI improves, we must exercise
42:30caution, analyzing its outputs and the motivations behind them. The dialectic approach offers a way forward
42:36by encouraging us to actively engage with ideas, examine them, and broaden our understanding. Critical
42:42thinking is more necessary than ever in a society where information is abundant but usually untrustworthy.
42:48By employing the dialectic, we may navigate the complexities of the modern world, ensuring that
42:53we retain control over our future rather than being dominated by the technologies we create. The path to
43:00true knowledge is tough, but it is required if we are to reach our full potential as individuals and a society.

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