Les scientifiques ont trouvé la clé du voyage interstellaire

Sympa

As-tu entendu ? 🚀 Les scientifiques pourraient avoir déchiffré le secret du voyage interstellaire ! Ils explorent des systèmes de propulsion avancés, comme les moteurs à distorsion et les voiles lumineuses, qui pourraient rendre le voyage entre les étoiles une réalité. 🌌 Une idée consiste à plier l'espace-temps pour raccourcir la distance, tandis qu'une autre utilise des voiles propulsées par laser pour pousser les vaisseaux spatiaux à des vitesses incroyables. Ces percées sont encore en cours de développement, mais le potentiel est énorme—imagine visiter d'autres systèmes stellaires au cours d'une vie humaine ! 🌠 Tout est question de combiner la physique, l'innovation et quelques rêves de science-fiction sérieux. Qui sait ? L'avenir des voyages spatiaux pourrait être plus proche que nous le pensons ! 🌟  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:01Our universe is four-dimensional.

00:04Three dimensions are reserved for space, and one is for time.

00:08Now, let's mix them together.

00:10Ah, we get a nice dough called spacetime.

00:13This dough has an amazing feature.

00:16Even if you can't use it to bake a pie, you can fold it and tear it.

00:21Now let's forget our culinary analogy.

00:24Let's go into space.

00:26The waves that propagate through spacetime can travel at speeds much higher than those of light.

00:32However, in terms of propulsion, or, more simply, of moving forward,

00:37moving in space by ejecting hot gases at the back of your spaceship is not the most efficient approach.

00:43A much more elegant method is to manipulate the spacetime trajectory around your ship.

00:49This is how we address the subject of propulsion by distortion of Alcubierre.

00:53Up to now, this is only a hypothetical concept.

00:56But who knows?

00:57Maybe in ten or twenty decades, we will use this device to pay a visit to our loved ones

01:02who have moved on the other side of the Milky Way.

01:04Anyway, propulsion by distortion theoretically contracts spacetime in front of a spaceship,

01:10while expanding it behind it.

01:12This allows the ship to move from one point to another at an incredibly fast speed.

01:17While the spaceship would deform spacetime,

01:20a person outside the ship's distortion bubble would observe it move faster than the speed of light.

01:27At the same time, if you were this fortunate traveler inside the ship,

01:31you would not feel any acceleration.

01:33If we could make a supraluminic distortion reactor a reality,

01:38supraluminic, which is a sophisticated word to describe something faster than the speed of light,

01:43it would change our lives forever.

01:45This would allow us to travel through our entire solar system,

01:48and could even help us reach the neighboring stellar systems.

01:52For example, we could reach Alpha Centauri,

01:55the closest stellar system to us located a little more than four light years away,

02:00in a few days or weeks instead of thousands of years.

02:03Unfortunately, I must temper your enthusiasm, my friend.

02:06Propulsion by distortion has a huge problem.

02:08The force behind its operation, called negative energy,

02:11involves quite exotic particles.

02:14Worse still, they are completely hypothetical,

02:17and as far as we know, do not exist in our universe.

02:21Scientists have managed to describe them only in mathematical terms.

02:25These exotic particles behave in an unexpected way.

02:29For example, they have a negative mass.

02:32I would like to be able to perform such a tour after a family dinner.

02:35And they act opposite to gravity.

02:38But wait, there is still a little hope.

02:41A new discovery could solve this seemingly unremovable obstacle.

02:45New York researchers have imagined a system of positive energy

02:49that does not disturb the known physical laws.

02:52The authors of the study claim that this is a radical change

02:56that could constitute the first chapter of the Interstellar Travel Manual.

03:00You see, this positive energy makes all the difference.

03:04Let's say you are an astronaut on a spacewalk,

03:07and you decide to play tennis over there.

03:10You push the ball away from you.

03:13But instead of floating away, the ball pushes back.

03:16And this confrontation can continue until it can tear off your hand

03:19if you apply enough force.

03:22Well, this is a quality of negative energy that the distortion motor needs.

03:26But as you can see, there is no way to capture this energy,

03:30and it seems dangerous.

03:33This is why we should probably turn to the good old positive energy

03:36for the construction of the distortion bubble.

03:39This bubble is a spherical structure

03:42surrounding a spaceship using an ordinary material hull,

03:45although super dense.

03:48The bubble propels the spaceship forward

03:51using the powerful gravity of the hull.

03:54But the passengers inside the ship do not feel any acceleration.

03:57An elevator ride is apparently more mobile

04:00than the fact of passing through space in such a bubble.

04:03All this because of the immense density of the hull

04:06and the pressure it would exert on the inside

04:09if it were properly controlled.

04:12And since nothing can travel faster than the speed of light,

04:15according to the theory of general relativity,

04:18the bubble is designed so that those inside can feel a normal time.

04:21At the same time, the bubble compresses the space-time in front of it

04:24and expands it behind the ship,

04:27just like this distortion motor that uses negative energy.

04:30This allows it to propel itself and the ship incredibly fast.

04:33The walls of the bubble produce the necessary momentum,

04:36like the momentum of the balls that roll.

04:39If you decide to take control of a distortion bubble,

04:42it would require great coordination.

04:45These bubbles require huge amounts of matter and energy

04:48to ensure the safety of the passengers

04:51and maintain the correct passage of time.

04:54In addition, communication between people inside and outside the bubble

04:58would become extremely distorted

05:01during the passage through the curves of the distorted space.

05:04Of course, there are still tons of problems

05:07that researchers have to solve

05:10before finally building a functional distortion propeller.

05:13But some of them claim that the model should finally

05:16get closer to the speed of light.

05:19But even if it remains below the speed of light,

05:22it will still be a great improvement compared to our current technologies.

05:26Traveling at half the speed of light to Alpha Centauri

05:29would take 9 years.

05:32However, Voyager 1, which currently travels at 61,000 km per hour,

05:35would need about 75,000 years

05:38to reach our neighboring stellar system.

05:41There are other elements to consider.

05:44As you get closer to the speed of light,

05:47things become really strange.

05:50For example, the faster an object moves,

05:53the greater its mass becomes.

05:56And this mass can increase indefinitely,

05:59requiring an infinite amount of energy to maintain its speed.

06:02Another problem.

06:05Current models only allow a stable distortion bubble for a constant speed.

06:08But then, how are you supposed to accelerate at the beginning of your trip?

06:11And what should you do when you finally have to slow down and stop?

06:14Experts say that the process of creating distortion training

06:17is comparable to trying to understand

06:20the concept of automobiles for the first time.

06:23We can compare the stage of distortion training

06:26to that of automobile technology at the end of the 19th century.

06:29At that time,

06:32it was possible to travel by car,

06:35but it seemed to be a complex process that everyone could not handle.

06:38So, the general idea of the distortion engine

06:41is to stretch and compress space to travel the universe.

06:44Well, there is an even crazier theory.

06:47What if, instead of bending space-time,

06:50we simply tore it apart?

06:53Think about it this way.

06:56When you bend space-time, you always have to face all the stretching and compression.

06:59It's like folding a piece of paper.

07:02You always have to drag your finger through the folds.

07:05But try to tear the paper in half and join the two ends.

07:08Bam! You're already there.

07:11So, how can we tear space-time?

07:14We may not need to.

07:17The black holes may already do it.

07:20In the center of a black hole, gravity becomes uncontrollable.

07:23Everything collapses into an infinitely small point, and time stops.

07:26This point, called singularity,

07:29could be this same tear in space-time.

07:32And if you could direct your spaceship to a sufficiently large black hole,

07:35gravity could be smooth enough for you to survive the trip.

07:38Then, some scientists think

07:41you could get out of the other side of the universe through a white hole.

07:44Another type of tear is called a glass hole.

07:47Unlike a black hole,

07:50glass holes have both an entrance and an exit.

07:53They are like shortcuts in the cosmic tunnel.

07:56If we could understand how to find them, open them,

07:59and prevent them from closing,

08:02we could obtain the key to intergalactic travel.

08:05And now, prepare for a situation reversal.

08:09Let's say you're playing a video game,

08:12and your character can cross walls by magic.

08:15It's a bit like what particles do in the quantum tunnel effect.

08:18Particles can cross barriers,

08:21even if they don't have enough energy to overcome them,

08:24thanks to their wavy and quantum nature.

08:27But what would happen if particles could cross

08:30glass holes connected by quantum tunnel effects?

08:33Instead of simply sneaking through a wall,

08:36we could use cosmic shortcuts through space-time,

08:39going from one part of the universe to another instantaneously.

08:42In theory, this could open up

08:45totally new possibilities on how we understand the universe,

08:48and travel through it.

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