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Scientists Might Finally Know What Caused These Mysterious Craters in Siberia
Amaze Lab
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10/29/2024
The mysterious holes began appearing about a decade ago and since then they have baffled scientists as to their cause. Now researchers from the UK and Spain believe they may know what’s going on.
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📚
Learning
Transcript
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00:00
This is a massive crater in the Siberian permafrost in Russia.
00:08
It's just one of several similar holes that mysteriously began appearing about a decade
00:12
ago and since then they have baffled scientists as to their cause.
00:17
Now researchers from the UK and Spain believe they may now know what's going on.
00:21
These craters through ice and earth are quite large, some measuring around 100 feet wide
00:25
and over 160 feet deep.
00:28
The holes rest debris that was seemingly ejected from them.
00:32
What's more, experts say that when they opened up, they released massive amounts of methane
00:36
gas.
00:37
This all points to what they call a very niche geological process that starts with warm temperatures
00:41
melting permafrost and causing the gas within to expand.
00:45
And much like a bike tire exploding after being overinflated, once water from the surface
00:49
trickles deeper and deeper into the earth due to climate change, it reaches a salty
00:53
layer called cryopeg, which doesn't freeze due to its salinity, which then mixes with
00:57
that water and pumps it into the layer below.
01:00
That layer just so happens to be composed of crystallized hydrogen bonded water and
01:04
methane, which then ruptures and releases the gas, forcing it upwards.
01:09
Experts say this usually happens over thousands of years, but global warming is speeding up
01:13
the process, causing it to occur in only decades.
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