Why Capacitors Allow AC But Block DC?

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Transcript

00:00We all know that a capacitor allows AC but blocks DC.

00:05Let's explore the reason behind this.

00:07When we connect a capacitor to a DC power supply,

00:11it begins to charge, causing a current flow in the circuit.

00:15However, once the capacitor is fully charged,

00:18there is no space for additional charges and the current flow stops.

00:22When we connect this charged capacitor to a load,

00:26it begins to discharge, resulting in a current flow.

00:29Thus, we can conclude that there is current flow in the circuit

00:33whenever the capacitor is charging or discharging.

00:36This is why a capacitor blocks DC.

00:38It allows some initial current flow,

00:41but once fully charged, it can no longer permit any current flow in the circuit.

00:46Now, let's consider the case of AC.

00:49Imagine an AC power source with its waveform.

00:53For convenience, let's divide this waveform into four parts.

00:57In the first part, the voltage rises from 0 to its maximum value.

01:02During this process, the capacitor charges from 0 to its maximum value.

01:07In the second part, the voltage drops from its maximum to its minimum value,

01:11causing the capacitor to discharge the stored charges.

01:15This results in continuous charging and discharging.

01:19In the third part, the capacitor charges from 0 to its maximum value again,

01:24but in the opposite direction.

01:26Once more, the stored charges are released.

01:29With an AC power supply, a capacitor constantly charges and discharges,

01:34leading to a constant oscillation of charges.

01:38This oscillation constitutes a current flow.

01:41So, with an AC power supply, a capacitor has charges oscillating between its plates,

01:47resulting in a continuous current flow.

01:49Like and follow for more informative videos.

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