Open AI Just Shocked the world "GPT-o1"The Most Intelligent AI Ever !

High tech & Ai world

Open AI has unveilde it's latest AI model,o1 preview designed to excel in complex reasoning tasks such as science,coding mathematics.

Transcript

00:00So, in our last video, we discussed OpenAI's upcoming model, which we referred to by its

00:06internal codename, Strawberry.

00:08The anticipation has been building, and now the wait is over.

00:12OpenAI has officially unveiled their latest AI model, now known as OpenAI-01 Preview.

00:17There's actually a lot to cover, so let's get into it.

00:20Alright, so OpenAI-01 Preview is part of a new series of reasoning models designed to

00:25tackle complex problems by spending more time thinking before responding.

00:29Unlike previous models like GPT-4 and GPT-4.0, which focused on rapid responses, 01 Preview

00:35emphasizes in-depth reasoning and problem solving.

00:38This approach allows the model to reason through intricate tasks and solve more challenging

00:43problems in fields such as science, coding, and mathematics.

00:47Starting from September 12th, OpenAI released the first iteration of this series in ChatGPT

00:53and their API.

00:54This releases a preview version with regular updates and improvements expected.

00:58Alongside this, they've included evaluations for the next update that's currently in development.

01:03This means we're witnessing the beginning of a significant evolution in AI capabilities.

01:08So how does this new model work?

01:10OpenAI-trained 01 Preview to spend more time deliberating on problems before providing

01:15an answer, much like a person tackling a difficult question.

01:19Through this training, the model learns to refine its thought process, experiment with

01:23different strategies, and recognize its mistakes.

01:26This method is known as chain-of-thought reasoning.

01:29In terms of performance, 01 Preview shows substantial improvements over its predecessors.

01:34In internal tests, the next model update performs similarly to PhD students on challenging benchmark

01:40tasks in physics, chemistry, and biology.

01:43For instance, in a qualifying exam for the International Mathematics Olympiad, IMO, GPT-4.0

01:51correctly solved only 13% of the problems.

01:54In contrast, the new reasoning model achieved an impressive 83% success rate.

01:59This represents a significant leap in problem-solving capabilities.

02:04When it comes to coding abilities, the model has been evaluated in Codeforces competitions

02:08reaching the 89th percentile.

02:11For context, Codeforces is a platform for competitive programming contests, and ranking

02:15in the 89th percentile indicates a high level of proficiency.

02:19These results suggest that 01 Preview is not just better at reasoning, but also excels

02:25in practical applications like coding.

02:27As an early model, 01 Preview doesn't yet have some of the features that make ChatGPT

02:32particularly versatile, such as browsing the web for information or uploading files and

02:37images.

02:38For many common use cases, GPT-4.0 remains more capable in the near term.

02:43However, for complex reasoning tasks, 01 Preview represents a significant advancement

02:48and a new level of AI capability.

02:51Recognizing this leap, OpenAI has reset the model numbering back to 1, hence the name

02:5601.

02:58Safety is a critical aspect of any AI deployment, and OpenAI has taken substantial steps to

03:03ensure that 01 Preview is both powerful and safe to use.

03:07They've developed a new safety training approach that leverages the model's reasoning capabilities

03:12to make it adhere to safety and alignment guidelines.

03:15By being able to reason about safety rules in context, the model can apply them more

03:19effectively.

03:20One method they use to measure safety is by testing how well the model continues to follow

03:24its safety rules if a user tries to bypass them, a practice known as jailbreaking.

03:29On one of their most challenging jailbreaking tests, GPT-4.0 scored 22 out of 100.

03:36In contrast, the 01 Preview model scored 84 out of 100, indicating a substantial improvement

03:42in resisting attempts to generate disallowed content.

03:45To align with the new capabilities of these models, OpenAI has bolstered their safety

03:50work, internal governance, and collaboration with federal governments.

03:54This includes rigorous testing and evaluations using their preparedness framework, top-tier

03:59red teaming, which involves ethical hacking to identify vulnerabilities, and board-level

04:04review processes overseen by their Safety and Security Committee.

04:09They've also formalized agreements with the U.S. and U.K. AI safety institutes.

04:14OpenAI has begun operationalizing these agreements, granting the institutes early access to a

04:19research version of the model.

04:21This partnership helps establish a process for research, evaluation, and testing of future

04:25models before and after their public release.

04:29The 01 Preview model is particularly beneficial for those tackling complex problems in science,

04:34coding, math, and related fields.

04:36Healthcare researchers can use it to annotate cell sequencing data.

04:40Physicists can generate complex mathematical formulas needed for quantum optics.

04:45Developers across various disciplines can build and execute multi-step workflows.

04:50The enhanced reasoning capabilities open up new possibilities for solving challenging

04:54tasks.

04:55Delving deeper into the technical aspects, the 01 model series is trained using large-scale

05:00reinforcement learning to reason using a chain of thought.

05:04This means the model generates a sequence of intermediate reasoning steps before arriving

05:08at a final answer.

05:10These advanced reasoning capabilities provide new avenues for improving the safety and robustness

05:15of AI models.

05:17By reasoning about safety policies in context, the models achieve state-of-the-art performance

05:22on benchmarks for risks such as generating illicit advice, selecting stereotyped responses,

05:27and succumbing to known jailbreaks.

05:29For example, on the Strong Reject benchmark, a test designed to evaluate a model's resistance

05:34to jailbreaks, 01 Preview achieved a goodness score of 84, significantly outperforming GPT-40.

05:41OpenAI conducted thorough safety evaluations, including both internal assessments and external

05:47red teaming.

05:48They used a range of public and internal evaluations to measure 01 Preview on tasks such as propensity

05:54to generate disallowed content, performance on tasks relevant to demographic fairness,

05:59tendency to hallucinate, and presence of dangerous capabilities.

06:03In disallowed content evaluations, 01 Preview either matches or outperforms GPT-40.

06:08On their challenging refusal evaluation, 01 Preview achieved a not-unsafe score of 93.4%,

06:15compared to GPT-40's 71.3%.

06:19This indicates that the model is better at refusing to produce disallowed content while

06:23also avoiding over-refusal on benign prompts.

06:27Regarding hallucinations, instances where the model generates incorrect or nonsensical

06:31information, 01 Preview shows improvement over GPT-40.

06:36In the SimpleQA dataset, 01 Preview's hallucination rate was 44%, compared to GPT-40's 61%.

06:44However, anecdotal feedback suggests that 01 Preview can be more convincing when it

06:49does hallucinate, potentially increasing the risk of users trusting incorrect information.

06:54Bias evaluations were also conducted.

06:57On the BBQ evaluation, which tests for stereotyped responses, 01 Preview selects the correct

07:02answer 94% of the time on unambiguous questions, whereas GPT-40 does so 72% of the time.

07:08This suggests that 01 Preview is less prone to selecting stereotyped options and demonstrates

07:14improved fairness.

07:15An intriguing aspect of the 01 models is the chain-of-thought safety.

07:20The models' chain-of-thought reasoning allows for the potential of monitoring their latent

07:24thinking processes.

07:26OpenAI explored methods for chain-of-thought monitoring to detect instances where the model

07:30may engage in deceptive behavior or generate disallowed content.

07:34In their analysis of 100,000 synthetic prompts, only 0.8% of 01 Preview's responses were

07:41flagged as being deceptive.

07:44Now, external red teaming played a significant role in their safety assessments.

07:48OpenAI collaborated with multiple organizations and individuals to assess key risks associated

07:54with the 01 model series' improved reasoning capabilities.

07:58This included testing the models' resistance to jailbreaks and their ability to handle

08:03real-world attack planning prompts.

08:05In terms of their preparedness framework evaluations, OpenAI assessed the models in categories such

08:11as cybersecurity, biological threat creation, persuasion, and model autonomy.

08:17Both 01 Preview and 01 Mini were rated as medium risk overall.

08:21Specifically, they were rated as medium risk in persuasion and CBRN, chemical, biological,

08:27radiological, nuclear, and low risk in cybersecurity and model autonomy.

08:31For cybersecurity, they evaluated the models using Capture the Flag, CTF challenges, which

08:37are competitive hacking tasks.

08:38The models were able to solve 26.7% of high school-level challenges but struggled with

08:43more advanced tasks, achieving 0% success in collegiate level and 2.5% in professional-level

08:49challenges.

08:50This indicates that while the models have some capability in cybersecurity tasks, they

08:54do not significantly advance real-world vulnerability exploitation capabilities.

09:00In biological threat creation evaluations, the models can assist experts with operational

09:05planning for reproducing known biological threats, which meets the medium risk threshold.

09:10However, they do not enable non-experts to create biological threats, as this requires

09:15hands-on laboratory skills that the models cannot replace.

09:18In persuasion evaluations, 01 Preview demonstrates human-level persuasion capabilities.

09:24In the Change My View evaluation, which measures the ability to produce persuasive arguments,

09:2901 Preview achieved a human persuasiveness percentile of 81.8%.

09:34This means the models' responses are considered more persuasive than approximately 82% of

09:39human responses.

09:41Regarding model autonomy, the models do not advance self-exfiltration, self-improvement,

09:46or resource acquisition capabilities sufficiently to indicate medium risk.

09:50They performed well on self-contained coding and multiple-choice questions, but struggled

09:55with complex agentic tasks that require long-term planning and execution.

10:00OpenAI has also made efforts to ensure that the models' training data is appropriately

10:05filtered and refined.

10:07Their data processing pipeline includes rigorous filtering to maintain data quality and mitigate

10:12potential risks.

10:14They use advanced data filtering processes to reduce personal information from training

10:18data and employ their moderation API and safety classifiers to prevent the use of harmful

10:24or sensitive content.

10:25Now, addressing some of the points we speculated on in the previous video, particularly regarding

10:30the models' response times and integration with ChatGPT, the 01 Preview model does take

10:36longer to generate responses, typically between 10 and 20 seconds.

10:40This deliberate pause allows the model to engage in deeper reasoning, enhancing accuracy,

10:45especially for complex queries.

10:47While this might seem slow compared to the instant responses we're accustomed to, the

10:51tradeoff is improved quality and reliability in the answers provided.

10:55As for integration, 01 Preview is available through ChatGPT and their API, but it's important

11:00to note that it's an early model.

11:03It lacks some of the features of GPT-4.0, such as multimodal capabilities and web browsing.

11:09OpenAI hasn't introduced any new pricing tiers specifically for 01 Preview at this

11:14time.

11:15Reflecting on the concerns about Artificial General Intelligence, AGI, OpenAI appears

11:20to be cognizant of the potential risks associated with increasingly capable AI models.

11:26Their extensive safety measures, transparency, and collaborations with AI safety institutes

11:31indicate a commitment to responsible development and deployment.

11:35The model's chain of thought reasoning aligns with what's known as system-two thinking,

11:40a concept from psychology that describes slow, deliberate, and analytical thought processes.

11:46This contrasts with system-one thinking, which is fast and intuitive.

11:49By incorporating system-two thinking, 01 Preview aims to reduce errors and improve the quality

11:54of responses, particularly in tasks that require deep reasoning.

11:58In terms of future developments, while there's no official word on integrating 01 Preview

12:02with other AI models like Orion, OpenAI's focus on continuous improvement suggests that

12:08we might see more advanced models combining strengths from multiple systems in the future.

12:13Training advanced models like 01 Preview is resource-intensive.

12:17OpenAI seems mindful of balancing the development of cutting-edge technology with practical

12:21applications that provide tangible benefits to users and businesses.

12:25The goal is to ensure that the significant investments in AI development translate into

12:29real-world value.

12:31In conclusion, OpenAI 01 Preview represents a significant advancement in AI capabilities,

12:37especially in complex reasoning tasks.

12:39The model excels in areas like science, coding, and mathematics, demonstrating improved safety

12:45and alignment with OpenAI's policies.

12:48While it's still an early model lacking some features of previous versions, its potential

12:52applications are vast, particularly for professionals tackling complex problems.

12:57Alright, thanks for tuning in.

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