Anu-ano ang mga uri ng zoonotic disease at paano ito maiiwasan? | Need to Know - video Dailymotion

GMA Integrated News

Naitala ang 50°C heat index sa Pangasinan nitong Mayo. Ito ang pinakamainit na temperatura na naitala ngayong 2024.  Ayon sa World Health Organization, maliban sa heatstroke, maaring madagdagan ang mga zoonotic diseases o sakit mula sa hayop dahil sa matinding init.  Anu-ano nga ba ang mga uri ng zoonotic diseases at paano ito maiiwasan? Here’s what you #NeedToKnow.

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00:00 In May, the heat index in Pangasinan reached 50 degrees Celsius,

00:05 the hottest temperature recorded this year.

00:09 Not only heat stroke can be a symptom of extreme heat,

00:15 according to the World Health Organization or WHO,

00:19 if it is too hot, zoonotic diseases or diseases from animals can also increase.

00:27 What are the types of zoonotic diseases and how can we avoid them?

00:33 Here's what you need to know.

00:36 According to the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine or RITM,

00:42 there are more outdoor activities,

00:44 the chances of encountering animals both in the wildlife and stray are higher.

00:51 There are quadrillion viruses in the world.

00:55 There are 380 trillion viruses inside our body.

01:01 And there are 1.7 million undiscovered viruses.

01:06 But only 200 of them have a negative effect on the human body.

01:11 Other viruses originate from animals and are transmitted to humans,

01:17 such as rabies, which was discovered in 2000 BC in dogs.

01:22 SARS, Ebola and COVID-19, which may have originated from panikis, pangolins and civet cats.

01:31 HIV came from mongoose, while dengue originated from flies.

01:39 Panikis are one of the so-called animal reservoirs for emerging diseases.

01:48 COVID-19, which killed more than 7 million people worldwide, is a possible cause of this.

01:56 Panikis were discovered by experts around the world as one of the ultimate reservoirs of viruses.

02:05 And some of them have become zoonotic.

02:08 It means that the viruses from the panikis jump to different animals.

02:15 Every time a panikis flies, it causes tissue damage and they get sick.

02:20 So they have this measured response to these kinds of foreign bodies such as viruses.

02:27 And then of course, through millions of years of evolution,

02:30 they've managed to acquire a multitude or a substantial amount of viruses that are not affected by this.

02:37 But on the other hand, there are other animals when they come in contact with bats.

02:43 These animals do not have an antibody response so it's very new to them.

02:50 Their antibodies would react sometimes violently, thereby resulting to sickness.

02:56 March 16, 2024.

02:59 Dr. Philip Aviola's group released their initial study.

03:03 He is a bat psychologist at the University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna.

03:08 He discussed the possible spread of disease or pandemic from panikis.

03:14 We were sampling panikis in different places in the Philippines

03:18 and we were targeting viruses with pandemic potential like the coronavirus, nipah virus, and ebola virus.

03:27 Our research started in August or July.

03:36 We found some panikis that were positive for these viruses like the coronavirus and nipah virus.

03:47 We used molecular techniques like PCR to test them for the virus.

03:53 They tested positive for the virus.

03:55 We also used serology tests to see if there was an infection history or if the panikis were exposed.

04:04 Based on our results in the laboratory, we found that many of the panikis we caught were also positive.

04:13 They had antibody reactions to these viruses with pandemic potential.

04:19 Panikis have their own antibodies that fight against viruses.

04:25 The heat of the time is affected by the spread of panikis.

04:31 There are studies that show that when there is stress that's being induced in bats,

04:39 the response of the panikis is to shed off the viruses.

04:48 For example, if they're super stressed, their immune system goes down.

04:55 The reaction is that they will shed off through urine, feces, and saliva.

05:01 Panikis' skin can withstand temperatures from 33 to 45 degrees Celsius.

05:09 But when they go past this point, they can get stressed.

05:13 This is where the virus comes out of their body.

05:17 Sometimes, the urine and body fluids may come in contact with other animals.

05:23 There are studies that show that stress, especially temperature-related stress,

05:29 can induce the panikis to shed off the viruses.

05:34 If their roosting site or their homes are hot, they may look for another home.

05:42 With high temperatures, sometimes they tend to migrate and come into contact with humans.

05:47 And then, of course, with rising temperatures, that can affect their supply of food,

05:55 particularly plants and fruits.

05:58 Plants and fruits rely on the seasons for their flowering.

06:04 But experts say that panikis should not be killed.

06:09 Panikis, especially insects, help in regulating populations of viruses.

06:16 Populations of insects, especially those insects that are pests to humans.

06:22 And of course, insects that cause diseases like dengue and malaria.

06:28 Panikis eat those.

06:30 So their ecosystem services are very important for humans.

06:34 And of course, temperature as a stress inducer.

06:38 You can also count on stress inducers to move or treat panikis.

06:46 So these are stressors as well and can lead to shedding of viruses.

06:51 The WHO has a program called the One Health Program.

06:56 It will discuss how to avoid the next pandemic,

07:01 such as prohibiting catching wild animals for food or sale.

07:08 Having a good community knowledge of its health effects.

07:13 A good implementation by the government to avoid it.

07:18 And most of all, taking care of the environment.

07:22 [Music]

Anu-ano ang mga uri ng zoonotic disease at paano ito maiiwasan? | Need to Know

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