Ces Objets Qui Révèlent Le Côté Effrayant Du Cosmos

Sympa

Plongeons dans le côté effrayant du cosmos avec des objets sérieusement inquiétants ! On parle de trucs comme les trous noirs qui gobent tout sur leur chemin - ça vous donne la chair de poule, n'est-ce pas ? Et puis il y a ces mystérieux pulsars, qui envoient des signaux effrayants depuis les profondeurs de l'espace. Oh, et n'oublions pas la matière noire et l'énergie sombre - ça ressemble à quelque chose tout droit sorti d'un film d'horreur de science-fiction ! C'est comme si l'univers avait tout un placard plein de bestioles effrayantes qui attendent d'être découvertes. Alors attachez-vous, explorateurs de l'espace, car nous sommes sur le point de faire un voyage du côté sombre du cosmos !  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00Are there real monsters in space around us?

00:04Well, naturally, there are no huge stars-shaped creatures flying through the universe.

00:09However, there are certain things in space that really remind us of our nightmares.

00:15The first is a region of the Eagle Nebula, also known as Messier 16, a wonder located in the Serpent Constellation.

00:25This dazzling nebula was discovered in the 17th century and owes its nickname to the visual impression it gives.

00:32If you look closely, it looks like a giant eagle flying through the universe.

00:38It is a young cluster of stars.

00:40Located very far away, at about 5,700 light-years from Earth,

00:45the Eagle Nebula extends over a large region of about 70 light-years out of 50.

00:51In comparison, our entire solar system extends only over 2 light-years long,

00:56the distance between the Sun and Pluto being only about 5 light-hours.

01:01This colossal nebula houses more than 8,000 stars.

01:05And one of them is particularly bright.

01:08It is a duo of massive stars whose moon is about 80 times heavier than our sun.

01:13And the nebula actively generates new stars.

01:18Every day, the gas and dust inside are compressed by the intense radiation

01:24and the stellar winds coming from huge stars within the cluster,

01:28which leads to the birth of new stars.

01:31And finally, at the heart of this nebula are the emblematic pillars of creation.

01:37These are huge columns of dust and gas,

01:40declined in shades of blue, red and green.

01:43They are actively used as stellar upholstery.

01:46These dark clouds slowly gather to give birth to future stars,

01:51shaping the rich and complex materials found in the universe.

01:55The pillars of creation extend over about 4 to 5 light-years,

01:59which is about twice the size of our entire solar system.

02:03The Eagle Nebula is particularly interesting for astronomers.

02:07It is an ideal place to study the birth and evolution of stars,

02:11and the beauty of this place is stunning.

02:14However, it is more fascinating than frightening.

02:17Contrary to the following monsters.

02:22The quasars.

02:23Fascinating power plants,

02:25powered by supermassive black holes at the heart of galaxies.

02:29These black holes represent millions,

02:32even billions of times the mass of our sun.

02:35The matter swirls in them, forming a brilliant disc of accretion.

02:39The gravity inside generates an intense energy through the entire luminous spectrum,

02:44making the quasars shine brilliantly.

02:47Sometimes, they can even eclipse entire galaxies.

02:50These cosmic monsters have intrigued astronomers for decades.

02:54Quasars look like normal stars,

02:57but have unequal levels of energy.

03:00Their name is the contraction of quasi-stellar astronomical radiation sources.

03:05And they shine through the entire spectrum.

03:08Radio waves, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays and gamma rays.

03:14We have been capturing their signals for many years,

03:17but we have only seen them for the first time in the 1960s.

03:21Quasars are among the oldest objects in our universe.

03:25Their burst, spanning billions of light years,

03:29helps us to learn more about them on the first days of the universe,

03:33when these monsters were still abounding.

03:35They gradually darkened over time.

03:38We can only imagine how bright they were then.

03:41One of the most emblematic quasars is called ULQG.

03:45It is not a monster, it is a huge group of 73 quasars.

03:49Together, they cover 4 billion light years and shine more than 100 milky ways.

03:54It is impossible for us to conceive such a thing.

03:57The next monster is what is called a pulsar.

04:01When a large star runs out of fuel, it explodes.

04:05What remains after that is a neutron star,

04:08which has a mass several times higher than that of our sun,

04:11but compressed in a sphere the size of a small city.

04:14They are incredibly dense.

04:16Sometimes, they decide to team up with a friend, like a companion star.

04:20If the latter shares its substance with the neutron star, things can quickly skid.

04:25This additional matter could melt the neutron star, making it even denser.

04:30In this case, it would turn into a quark star.

04:34But if this does not happen, the neutron star takes another path.

04:38This incredible density means that the protons and electrons of the star

04:43collapse on top of each other, forming a sea of neutrons,

04:47particles without electric charge.

04:49This is when what is called a pulsar is born.

04:54Pulsars are endowed with incredible electromagnetic radiation,

04:58and they have magnetic fields several billion times more powerful than that of the Earth.

05:03The party begins when this magnetized pulsar at the end starts spinning.

05:08And this is not a quiet rotation.

05:10Pulsars can rotate several hundred times per second.

05:14These are the fastest objects in the universe.

05:17As the pulsar rotates on itself, it emits powerful electromagnetic radiation beams.

05:23These act like lights, sweeping the universe at each rotation.

05:28If the Earth is on the trajectory of one of its beams,

05:32astronomers detect radiation impulses.

05:35This is where their name comes from.

05:39Here is now a body closely linked to the pulsar, a zombie star.

05:44Sometimes, even after the star has reached the end of its life to transform into a supernova,

05:49it does not disappear completely.

05:51It is possible that it remains matter.

05:53And in this case, it transforms into a kind of celestial zombie.

05:58These zombie stars often manifest themselves by pair,

06:01a star giving in to the needs of its little companion.

06:05It behaves like a vampire and feeds on the stars nearby,

06:08which it absorbs hydrogen to come back to life.

06:13When it reaches the size of a planet, it explodes again into a brilliant supernova,

06:17destroying the star it has fed on.

06:20Zombie stars are not difficult in terms of food,

06:23and they do not just devour stars.

06:26One of them is in the constellation of the Virgin,

06:28and it does not just nibble the surrounding stars.

06:31It devours the energy and matter of these planets.

06:34And just like real zombies are always looking for more food,

06:38these stars travel through galaxies.

06:41Recently, we have discovered another one in a distant galaxy.

06:45It has traveled and evolved over time,

06:48becoming progressively brighter.

06:50And this show began several million years ago,

06:53at the time of the dinosaurs.

06:55The study of these stars can help us better understand

06:58how celestial bodies work in extreme conditions.

07:02It also helps us to unravel the secrets of fundamental particles

07:05and to explore the physics of these hyper-dense stellar remains.

07:11Now that we are interested in zombies,

07:14there are also cosmic vampires.

07:16The so-called blue drifters

07:18challenge aging by pulsating the energy of their neighbors.

07:21They appear younger and bluer than their former neighbors because of this,

07:26which confuses poor astronomers about their real age.

07:29Scientists have studied 21 of these blue drifters

07:32in a set of stars 7 billion years old, located far from us.

07:36That's when they made a breakthrough.

07:39At first, they assumed they were the result of fusion or collision.

07:43But then, scientists have revealed that these cupid stars

07:47feed on neighboring stars to remain eternally young.

07:51Although this discovery explains most of the blue drifters,

07:55some remain mysterious.

07:57This means that they probably have varied origins.

08:01Researchers plan to use the Hubble Space Telescope

08:07to detect their hidden companions and learn more about them.

08:12Our last monster is a true electric leviathan.

08:16In 2011, astronomers discovered a colossal jet

08:20coming from a galaxy with the very practical name of 3C303.

08:24It is located 2 billion light years away.

08:27What made this discovery truly overwhelming

08:30was its electric current.

08:32An incredible trillion amperes.

08:35For comparison, an ordinary bulb can barely reach an ampere.

08:38This is equivalent to a thousand billion lightning.

08:41This jet, fed by a supermassive black hole in the heart of the galaxy,

08:45extends over more than 150,000 light years,

08:48exceeding the width of the Milky Way.

08:51This dimly lit galaxy, observed for the first time in the 1980s,

08:56has remained hidden for a long time.

08:58We only discovered it by capturing different wavelengths.

09:02Usually, these jets emerge from galaxies

09:04containing supermassive black holes in action.

09:07Only about 10% of visible jets emerge from matter.

09:13The secret of this little galaxy's record current

09:15lies in the hyperactivity of its black hole.

09:19It generates an intense magnetic field

09:22which gives birth to this electric leviathan.

09:26Thus, not only did we discover the most powerful electric current in the universe,

09:31but it also gave us a rare opportunity to look at one of these cosmic jets,

09:36scientists continue to perfect their equipment to study it in more detail,

09:41so that we can learn more about it.

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