Ce banquier organise une fête avec 2000 personnes ! - Hôtel Gaillard - Vidéo Dailymotion

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Paris, avril 1885. Le gouvernement de Jules Ferry s’écroule, Emile Zola vient de publier son Germinal, et dans quelques mois, Louis Pasteur va élaborer un vaccin contre la rage. Soudain, le quartier de Monceau s’anime : des hallebardiers du 16e siècle débarquent, encadrant des dizaines de carrosses Renaissance, dont descendent des milliers de convives venus tout droit du Moyen Âge. La lueur des chandelles et le tintamarre de la musique les guident tous vers… un hôtel particulier ? Un palais ? Un château ? Les reporters ont du mal à le définir. C’est un magnifique OVNI architectural : l’hôtel Gaillard.  Retrouvez l'épisode sur les grandes crises économiques juste ici : https://youtu.be/tTUFOgJoI58  Découvrez la Mazurka écrite par Chopin et dédiée à Emile Gaillard juste là : https://youtu.be/xbRRq4Sz4nw   Écriture : Benjamin Brillaud et Jean de Boisséson   Montage : Thomas Bernaudin  ———————————————————————————————————————————— ➤➤➤ Sources en fin de description  ———————————————————————————————————————————— Découvrez ma boutique en ligne  ➜ https://nota-bene.creator-spring.com/   ———————————————————————————————————————————— Vous pouvez acheter mes ouvrages ici  ➜ https://www.notabenemovies.com/ouvrages/  ———————————————————————————————————————————— Rejoignez-moi sur les réseaux ! ➜ Nota Bene : https://www.youtube.com/@notabenemovies ➜ Nota Bonus : https://www.youtube.com/@NotaBonus ➜ Twitch : https://www.twitch.tv/notabenemovies  ➜ Facebook : http://facebook.com/notabenemovies  ➜ Twitter : https://twitter.com/NotaBeneMovies ➜ Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/notabenemovies ➜ TikTok : https://www.tiktok.com/@notabenemovies  ➜ Snapchat : https://t.snapchat.com/NV73QSxl ➜ Tipeee : https://www.tipeee.com/nota-bene ➜ Site internet : https://www.notabenemovies.com/ ➜ Podcast : https://www.notabenemovies.com/podcasts/ ———————————————————————————————————————————— ➤➤➤ Pour en savoir plus : ———————————————————————————————————————————— https://docs.google.com/document/d/18vyVm3af0ndnvMF4basQuv0B8IU7fi0Kmwsy3rxv2gA/edit?usp=sharing

Transcript

00:00 My dear comrades, good morning!

00:02 Today we will ask the question that we all ask ourselves on Friday night,

00:07 "If I won, if I was rich, what would I do with all this money?"

00:12 When I say that we all ask the question, some do not really ask it,

00:15 because they are already rich.

00:18 In April 1885, in Paris, the government of Jules Ferry collapses.

00:22 Émile Zola has just published his "Germinal"

00:25 and in a few months, Louis Pasteur will develop a vaccine against rage.

00:29 Suddenly, the Monceau district is livened up.

00:31 Albardians of the 16th century arrive,

00:34 framing dozens of Renaissance carriages,

00:36 including thousands of guests from the Middle Ages.

00:41 The glow of the candles and the bitter tint of music guide them all to ...

00:46 a private hotel? A palace? A castle?

00:49 Well, the reporters have a hard time defining it,

00:52 because it is a magnificent architectural oven, the Gaillard Hotel.

00:57 Its restoration ended in 2019 and since then, we can visit it again,

01:01 so I was not going to miss this opportunity.

01:02 But it is impossible to talk about this building of the Gaillard Hotel

01:05 without mentioning its first owner, the banker Émile Gaillard,

01:09 who led a rather comfortable life here.

01:12 If the crises of the 20th and 21st centuries have tarnished the reputation of the bankers,

01:16 this was not at all the case of the living Émile Gaillard.

01:19 On the contrary, the 18th and 19th centuries are a golden age for the Haute Banque.

01:24 At the time, it was often it that prevented the state from going bankrupt,

01:27 and not the other way around.

01:28 For example, only the French branch of the Rothschilds, founded in 1815,

01:33 financed the restoration and monarchy of the Iether in France,

01:37 the independence or unity of Greece, Italy and Belgium,

01:41 and saved from bankruptcy Spain, Austria and the United States.

01:45 A good score!

01:47 This type of bank also participated in the modernization of our cities,

01:51 through the Ossmanian boulevards, schools, hospitals, housing,

01:56 industries, factories or railways.

01:58 It is therefore in a particularly favorable context

02:01 that our famous Émile Gaillard appears, well decided to make a career.

02:06 Émile was born in 1821 in Grenoble, in a house of negotiators,

02:10 mentioned from the French Revolution in the cadastre of Voiron.

02:14 His grandfather founded the family bank.

02:16 His father then ran Grenoble as mayor.

02:20 Émile naturally embraced the profession.

02:22 He went to Paris to represent the family establishment.

02:25 In the capital, work comes first.

02:28 Like other banking dynasties,

02:30 the Gaillards invest in the railways,

02:32 but also in the management of private portfolios.

02:35 For example, Émile works for Henri d'Artois,

02:38 said the Count of Chambord.

02:40 It's the "gratin".

02:42 Henri is nothing less than the chief of the Bourbon family,

02:45 the claimant to the throne of France.

02:48 It's not easy to keep up with the Count.

02:50 He frequents other industrial bankers or powerful men,

02:53 like the Perrères brothers.

02:55 With Haussmann, they have just added a district in Paris,

02:58 the Plaine-Monceau, still in the pastures,

03:00 which will become urban at full speed.

03:03 Everyone is rushing into the new lottery.

03:06 Musicians like Claude Debussy or Gabriel Faure,

03:08 painters like Édouard Manet,

03:10 actors like actress Sarah Bernhardt,

03:13 in short, a choice of neighborhood for the banker.

03:15 No surprise, Émile also bought a plot in 1878.

03:20 After the bank, art is his true passion.

03:23 He collects and practices it.

03:25 In his youth, he was one of the best students

03:28 of the great pianist Frédéric Chopin,

03:30 who dedicated a pretty little mazurka to him,

03:32 a three-beat dance, which I put in the description.

03:35 It's not bad to listen to.

03:37 Émile then puts in music the poem "Au Bad" by Victor Hugo,

03:41 with whom he gets along well.

03:43 He joins a cultural movement that will influence his entire existence.

03:47 Victor Hugo published in 1831 "Notre-Dame de Paris",

03:51 set in the Middle Ages.

03:53 Then, in the 1830s and 1850s,

03:55 the inspection of historical monuments was founded.

03:58 Under the direction of Prosper Merimée,

04:00 Eugène Viollet-le-Duc restored medieval monuments

04:03 like the Basilica of Vézelay, Notre-Dame de Paris

04:05 and the city of Carcassonne.

04:07 Finally, in 1848,

04:09 the Pre-Raphaelite style appeared in England, inspired by Renaissance painting.

04:14 We're in the middle of the Middle Ages,

04:17 and Émile Gaillard decided to build his own medieval castle,

04:22 not just for himself, but in the heart of Paris, Boulevard Malzerbe.

04:26 The goal was to offer a suitable setting to his high-curiosity cabinet,

04:29 which brought together objects from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.

04:33 The collection is quite impressive.

04:35 After his death, his wife and children

04:38 sold three times and donated dozens to museums

04:41 to sell the entire stock.

04:42 More than 1,000 works of art are due.

04:45 Catalogues like the one from 1816

04:47 provide a long, very long list.

04:50 Old paintings, like those of Murillo,

04:53 Flemish schools, Venetian with Veronese,

04:55 modern paintings of Isabella, Camps, Diaz and Dupré,

05:00 Hispanic-Moorish faiences, porcelain from Italy, France, China and Japan,

05:04 stilt houses, embroidery, tapestries, sheets, oriental carpets,

05:08 orpheus, bohemian glassware,

05:10 Renaissance furniture, copper, etc.

05:14 All this magnificence must be nestled in one architectural screen,

05:18 the Gaillard Hotel.

05:19 Émile Gaillard entrusted architect Jules Février with a massive project.

05:23 The building was to house the Boulevard Malzerbe,

05:26 but also two adjacent hotels, Rue Bergé and Rue de Tannes.

05:30 The whole was to form a large U with a central courtyard at the back.

05:34 It was quite original at the time.

05:36 Most of the private hotels were separated by a side door,

05:39 followed by a courtyard to be crossed.

05:42 But here, the goal was to be displayed on the street

05:45 to highlight the architectural work.

05:48 Gaillard and Février had a common vision.

05:50 The building had to be neo-Gothic to pay homage to the Middle Ages.

05:55 As a style, we looked to the French Renaissance,

05:57 which mixed French Gothic elements with Italian architectural elements.

06:01 As a model, we chose the Château de Blois for two reasons.

06:05 First, as a historical anchorage,

06:07 as Ernest Le Nel wrote in 1875,

06:10 Blois is a French monument par excellence,

06:13 whose origin is confused with the origins of the nation.

06:18 Second, the château is still under restoration.

06:21 Février will push the trend far,

06:23 as he will recruit workers for historical monuments.

06:27 Those who restored the woodshed, marble and mouldings at Blois

06:31 are the same who later reproduced them in Paris.

06:35 Materials, techniques and specialised know-how are implemented.

06:40 Polychrome glass, painted enamel, wood sculpture, etc.

06:45 And many others. By building the house,

06:47 Gaillard helps preserve some rare body of work.

06:51 On paper, it's already super cool.

06:53 The result is stunning.

06:56 The Gaillard Hotel is a copy of the Louis XII of Blois.

06:59 It has similar dimensions, 55 m of façade,

07:03 for a total surface of 1,300 m2.

07:07 Everywhere, there are only windows,

07:09 corner towers, pinnacles,

07:11 dolphins' gutter,

07:12 decorative sculpture, gargoyles...

07:14 Just like in Blois.

07:16 If you're attentive,

07:18 you'll even discover the two best friends in the world,

07:22 happy to have completed their project.

07:24 I named Jules Février,

07:26 represented with his compass and his architect's table,

07:29 and Émile Gaillard, with his bench scarcel.

07:31 The two accomplices, dressed in medieval fashion,

07:34 won their bet.

07:35 "Come on, follow me," as they'd say.

07:39 "Follow me."

07:41 Everything revolves around the stairway of honour.

07:44 The return to the Middle Ages is immediate.

07:47 At the time, the famous painting of the Virgin and the Child

07:49 adorned the stairway.

07:51 You can see it at the Louvre today, excuse me.

07:54 At the Cluny Museum, you'll also find

07:55 Saint Antoine Hermit and Saint Barbe,

07:58 who belonged to the House.

08:00 But for the tapestry of the risen Christ

08:03 appearing in Marie-Madeleine,

08:04 you'll have to go to the Met Cloister in New York.

08:07 It's a bit far.

08:09 The stairway is in the middle of the floor-to-ceiling rooms

08:11 and extends to the private apartments in the basement.

08:15 The dining room, the bedrooms, the bathroom.

08:17 Then it continues to the reception rooms

08:19 and the gallery on the first floor.

08:21 Finally, the second is reserved for Émile's son's apartment.

08:25 But no need to go up

08:27 to imagine the house of the time.

08:29 The old dining room is right there on the floor.

08:32 It's the only room where the original wall paintings

08:35 have been preserved.

08:36 These woodwork doesn't date from the 19th,

08:38 but from the 15th century.

08:40 The banker bought them at the castle of Isonne.

08:44 Same for the stone chimney and the carved frames.

08:47 All this labour, this effort, this love of detail

08:51 serve to highlight a social and economic status.

08:55 The next step to project this image of him in Paris

08:58 is known to Émile Gaillard,

09:00 as it's called the Megateuf.

09:02 Back to the starting point, it's April 1885.

09:06 Émile Gaillard has been preparing for a long time.

09:09 To celebrate the birth of his daughter Jeanne,

09:11 he decided to organise a gigantic reception.

09:15 The aim is to recreate the total illusion of the Renaissance.

09:19 He, his family and all the guests

09:22 must wear costumes from Charles IX or Henry II,

09:25 so, 16th century.

09:27 Rangées of Albardians in costumes,

09:28 wearing the French armoiries,

09:30 hit by a big golden g for Gaillard.

09:33 Subtle, isn't it?

09:35 People are playing the game.

09:37 It's the end of the fair,

09:38 so we know we'll be fooled.

09:40 So, everyone comes.

09:42 When I say everyone,

09:43 I mean almost 2,000 people.

09:46 It's not nothing.

09:47 The local press thinks there are 10 curious guests

09:50 in the fair,

09:52 a crowd of 20,000 people.

09:54 I quote, "We crowd on the sidewalk

09:57 against the evening's grey,

09:58 while thousands of cars go up and down the avenues,

10:01 where we see, through the windows,

10:03 multicoloured panaches

10:05 and silk and velvet."

10:07 Everyone wears a dress, a cape, a powdered coat,

10:10 a bow tie, socks and a bra.

10:12 And the painter Gustave Jaquet,

10:14 with his balloons,

10:15 rises from the back of the court in the middle of the Albardians,

10:18 dressed as a medieval lord,

10:19 and judged on a district court.

10:21 Inside, each room is full of buffets

10:24 with a lot of food,

10:25 and an orchestra of 20 musicians

10:27 play without stopping.

10:28 The party lasts a long time.

10:30 At 11 p.m.,

10:31 a procession of our Turks is performed,

10:34 all in dance, music and oriental wonder.

10:36 Then we dance all night,

10:38 and at 3 a.m.,

10:39 we finally have a real meal.

10:41 The guests only leave at dawn.

10:44 The fiesta will have cost 600,000 francs,

10:47 or about 2 million euros today.

10:50 The next day, the newspaper "Le Monde Illustré" reports,

10:53 "Mr. Gaillard has organized one of the most beautiful ballets

10:56 we have kept in memory."

10:58 And so life goes on,

11:00 happy in the middle of the Montsaux.

11:02 But on May 5, 1902,

11:04 at 81,

11:06 Émile Gaillard dies.

11:08 His family soon loses their capital,

11:10 and proceeds to sell his collection systematically.

11:13 And since that's not enough,

11:14 the house must be sacrificed.

11:17 But no one can afford such an extravagant house.

11:20 It was not until 1919

11:23 that the Bank of France made a proposal.

11:26 The construction of the Gaillard Hotel

11:28 cost 11 million francs,

11:31 and was sold for only 2 million.

11:33 The Bank of France began work in 1920

11:36 to create a suburb for the entire northwest of Paris.

11:39 The neighborhood, empty of its artists,

11:41 is now home to big entrepreneurs.

11:43 They are France's largest portfolios,

11:46 with families like Peugeot,

11:48 Guerlain, and Michelin.

11:50 The architect Alphonse de Frasse takes charge of the construction.

11:53 First, the three buildings are put together,

11:56 which makes a rather large set.

11:58 The public is one of the first functions of the building.

12:01 There are no less than 110 square meters

12:04 in the different reception rooms.

12:07 Once again, everything revolves around this stairway

12:10 which is preserved in good condition.

12:11 And that's not all.

12:13 De Frasse decides to respect the work of February to the maximum.

12:16 He could have chosen to break everything, but not at all.

12:19 Of course, the walls are demolished, the spaces are opened,

12:22 and the Art Deco style modernizes everything.

12:25 But the main thing remains in place,

12:27 with even small additions by De Frasse.

12:30 He molds elements of the facade

12:32 to be placed inside the reception hall,

12:34 as a reminder to the visitor.

12:36 It's so well done that when he inspects the finished building in 1923,

12:41 the architect Jules Fevrier acclaims his successor and says,

12:45 "Not only did you not distort my work,

12:48 but you have completed it."

12:50 In short, Gaillard is dead, but his home is more alive than ever.

12:54 We go from a family home to a bank vault.

12:58 120 agents, accountants, cashiers, and cashiers

13:01 come and go in all directions,

13:03 receive, perceive, count, move the money,

13:06 from the offices to the cash register, and then to the safe.

13:08 This strong room is the cornerstone of the new building.

13:12 An exhibition of old photos

13:14 proves it's at the top of the security of the time.

13:17 The room, in the middle of the building,

13:19 has two floors above,

13:21 while being entirely isolated from the rest of the building.

13:24 It has a ceiling 1 m thick of reinforced concrete

13:27 and double walls of 25 cm of reinforced cement.

13:31 Between each of these separate layers

13:33 there is a strange 1 m void.

13:36 And these voids are actually vaults.

13:39 You heard right, vaults.

13:42 At the heart of the masonry are vaults 1.40 m wide

13:46 and 5 m deep.

13:48 Filled with water, the only way to cross them

13:50 is a single corridor closed by a grid.

13:53 But the 40 cm thick reinforced door

13:55 is on the other side of the water, at a peak above the void.

13:59 If you look for it, it's impossible to find the slightest bridge

14:03 simply because it's a bridge that can be climbed.

14:06 Thanks to an electrical system, the entire floor of the corridor

14:09 moves forward to form a bridge.

14:12 Yes, like in X-Men.

14:13 It's connected to the automatic opening of the grids

14:16 to make it look classy.

14:18 In the vault, the electricity feeds a small artificial current

14:21 preventing the formation of a vase

14:23 and a spring suspended at a monorail.

14:26 Michel Hao, an agent, can then go for a walk, quietly.

14:30 In short, it's both impressive and extravagant.

14:33 You'd almost think you're in the lair of a James Bond villain.

14:37 The building was eventually classified as a historical monument in 1999.

14:41 The Bank of France closed the building in 2006

14:45 to launch a new project aimed at heritage.

14:48 That's why I'm here.

14:50 In 2010, the Bank of France governor launched the Citeco project,

14:54 which ended in 2019

14:56 after a long and meticulous restoration of the Gaiard Hotel.

14:59 Finally renovated, the building became a city of economy,

15:03 a museum with its permanent and temporary exhibition,

15:07 but also a training ground for the general public in banking and economics.

15:12 These two aspects complement each other.

15:14 On one hand, the building is old,

15:16 with its history and heritage,

15:19 like the vault, for example,

15:20 which exhibits old coins, rare or never edited.

15:24 All in a perfectly restored setting,

15:27 without any burrs. It's magnificent.

15:29 On the other hand, there's the educational aspect, which is strong.

15:33 With its salons, workshops, projection room and auditorium,

15:37 the museum offers a different approach to economics.

15:41 We're all asking questions about everyday life,

15:48 but we don't know the answer.

15:49 For example, what is exchange?

15:52 Money, the market, its instabilities?

15:54 How does a financial crisis work?

15:56 We've already discussed this topic with Citeco on the Nota Bene channel.

16:00 The Gaiard Hotel is a rather old building,

16:04 but it's rather modern.

16:06 I like this mix.

16:08 I invite you to discover what's going on in the heart of Paris.

16:12 Thanks to Citeco for this partnership.

16:15 Thanks to Jean de Boisaison for the show.

16:17 If you liked it, don't hesitate to like and comment,

16:22 share the episode and subscribe to the channel.

16:25 See you soon on Nota Bene for new reports.

16:28 Bye.

16:30 Subtitling and synchronization by Michel Cantigneaux

17:05 (upbeat music)

Ce banquier organise une fête avec 2000 personnes ! - Hôtel Gaillard

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