Plants grow by using energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars through a process called photosynthesis. These sugars provide the plant with the energy it needs to grow, as well as the building blocks it needs to produce new cells and tissues.

As a plant grows, it undergoes cell division and elongation, which results in the formation of new roots, stems, and leaves. Additionally, plants can also grow new branches and form flowers and fruits. Hormones called auxins and gibberellins play important roles in controlling the direction and rate of growth in plants.

Soil nutrients and water are also critical for plant growth. Plants absorb essential minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from the soil, which they use to produce chlorophyll, support cell division and growth, and produce seeds and fruits.

Finally, environmental factors such as light, temperature, and atmospheric conditions can also play a role in how plants grow. Different plants have evolved to thrive in specific environments, and understanding these requirements can help optimize growth and maximize yields.